【IMPDP】【IMP】SQL指令碼盡收眼底——SHOW引數與SQLFILE引數對比
IMPDP的SQLFILE引數與IMP的SHOW引數類似，可以讀取到dump檔案中的SQL語句。
簡單對比一下這兩個工具帶給我們的樂趣。
1.在sec使用者下先建立一個測試表T
sec@secooler> create table t as select * from all_objects;
Table created.
2.分別使用EXP和EXPDP工具生成兩份dump檔案
1）使用EXP生成備份dump檔案
secooler@secDB /expdp$ exp sec/sec file=sec_exp.dmp
Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Apr 3 11:19:51 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing option
Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
About to export specified users ...
. exporting pre-schema procedural objects and actions
. exporting foreign function library names for user SEC
. exporting PUBLIC type synonyms
. exporting private type synonyms
. exporting object type definitions for user SEC
About to export SEC's objects ...
. exporting database links
. exporting sequence numbers
. exporting cluster definitions
. about to export SEC's tables via Conventional Path ...
. . exporting table T 71325 rows exported
. exporting synonyms
. exporting views
. exporting stored procedures
. exporting operators
. exporting referential integrity constraints
. exporting triggers
. exporting indextypes
. exporting bitmap, functional and extensible indexes
. exporting posttables actions
. exporting materialized views
. exporting snapshot logs
. exporting job queues
. exporting refresh groups and children
. exporting dimensions
. exporting post-schema procedural objects and actions
. exporting statistics
Export terminated successfully without warnings.
2）使用EXPDP生成備份dump檔案
secooler@secDB /expdp$ expdp sec/sec directory=expdp_dir dumpfile=sec_expdp.dmp
Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Apr 3 11:21:43 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options
Starting "SEC"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": sec/******** directory=expdp_dir dumpfile=sec_expdp.dmp
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 9 MB
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
. . exported "SEC"."T" 6.904 MB 71325 rows
Master table "SEC"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for SEC.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:
/expdp/sec_expdp.dmp
Job "SEC"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 11:23:08
3.使用IMP的SHOW和IMPDP的SQLFILE引數檢視dump檔案中的SQL內容
1）使用IMP的SHOW引數檢視dump檔案中的SQL
secooler@secDB /expdp$ imp sec/sec file=sec_exp.dmp full=y show=y
Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Apr 3 11:33:05 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing option
Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path
import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
. importing SEC's objects into SEC
"BEGIN "
"sys.dbms_logrep_imp.instantiate_schema(schema_name=>SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','"
"CURRENT_SCHEMA'), export_db_name=>'SECOOLER', inst_scn=>'9648713');"
"COMMIT; END;"
"CREATE TABLE "T" ("OWNER" VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL ENABLE, "OBJECT_NAME" VARCH"
"AR2(30) NOT NULL ENABLE, "SUBOBJECT_NAME" VARCHAR2(30), "OBJECT_ID" NUMBER "
"NOT NULL ENABLE, "DATA_OBJECT_ID" NUMBER, "OBJECT_TYPE" VARCHAR2(19), "CREA"
"TED" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE, "LAST_DDL_TIME" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE, "TIMESTAMP"
"" VARCHAR2(19), "STATUS" VARCHAR2(7), "TEMPORARY" VARCHAR2(1), "GENERATED" "
"VARCHAR2(1), "SECONDARY" VARCHAR2(1), "NAMESPACE" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE, ""
"EDITION_NAME" VARCHAR2(30)) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 "
"STORAGE(INITIAL 9437184 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROU"
"PS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING NOCOMPRESS"
. . skipping table "T"
Import terminated successfully without warnings.
可見，dump檔案中僅僅記錄了表T的建立語句，而且需要手工重新進行排版。
2）使用IMPDP的SQLFILE引數檢視dump檔案中的SQL
secooler@secDB /expdp$ impdp sec/sec directory=expdp_dir dumpfile=sec_expdp.dmp sqlfile=sec_expdp.sql
Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Apr 3 11:38:01 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options
Master table "SEC"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "SEC"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01": sec/******** directory=expdp_dir dumpfile=sec_expdp.dmp sqlfile=sec_expdp.sql
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Job "SEC"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully completed at 11:38:05
此時，並沒有在生成過程中列印出SQL語句，而是將dump所包含SQL資訊直接寫入到了SQLFILE引數所指定的sec_expdp.sql檔案中。
檢視一下生成的sec_expdp.sql檔案內容。
secooler@secDB /expdp$ cat sec_expdp.sql
-- CONNECT SEC
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10150 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10904 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '25475 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10407 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10851 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '22830 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 192 ';
-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
-- CONNECT SYSTEM
CREATE USER "SEC" IDENTIFIED BY VALUES 'S:AE049953812DAE6CD7EC7A10E747EB7688FA697DB0B3725F009C705161FB;9EC74A4FC0A9E227'
DEFAULT TABLESPACE "USERS"
TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP";
-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
GRANT UNLIMITED TABLESPACE TO "SEC";
-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
GRANT "CONNECT" TO "SEC";
GRANT "DBA" TO "SEC";
-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
ALTER USER "SEC" DEFAULT ROLE ALL;
-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
-- CONNECT SEC
BEGIN
sys.dbms_logrep_imp.instantiate_schema(schema_name=>SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','CURRENT_SCHEMA'), export_db_name=>'SECOOLER', inst_scn=>'9649101');
COMMIT;
END;
/
-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
CREATE TABLE "SEC"."T"
( "OWNER" VARCHAR2(30 BYTE) NOT NULL ENABLE,
"OBJECT_NAME" VARCHAR2(30 BYTE) NOT NULL ENABLE,
"SUBOBJECT_NAME" VARCHAR2(30 BYTE),
"OBJECT_ID" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
"DATA_OBJECT_ID" NUMBER,
"OBJECT_TYPE" VARCHAR2(19 BYTE),
"CREATED" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE,
"LAST_DDL_TIME" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE,
"TIMESTAMP" VARCHAR2(19 BYTE),
"STATUS" VARCHAR2(7 BYTE),
"TEMPORARY" VARCHAR2(1 BYTE),
"GENERATED" VARCHAR2(1 BYTE),
"SECONDARY" VARCHAR2(1 BYTE),
"NAMESPACE" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
"EDITION_NAME" VARCHAR2(30 BYTE)
) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "USERS" ;
此刻，大家是不是有一種“SQL指令碼盡收眼底”的感覺。不僅語句結構清晰，而且包含的資訊已經不僅僅是T表的建立語句，同時包含了使用者的建立及授權語句（就是因為包含了使用者的建立資訊，因此在使用具有足夠許可權的使用者完成匯入時，即使sec使用者不存在，也會在匯入的過程中完成使用者sec的建立）。
4.小結
在使用IMP和IMPDP工具時，建議將每一個引數進行一番研究，也許就在研究的過程中獲得了意想不到的收穫。
透過這個例子大家也許進一步真實的感受到了IMPDP與IMP相比強大之處。
Good luck.
secooler
10.04.03
-- The End --
簡單對比一下這兩個工具帶給我們的樂趣。
1.在sec使用者下先建立一個測試表T
sec@secooler> create table t as select * from all_objects;
Table created.
2.分別使用EXP和EXPDP工具生成兩份dump檔案
1）使用EXP生成備份dump檔案
secooler@secDB /expdp$ exp sec/sec file=sec_exp.dmp
Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Apr 3 11:19:51 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing option
Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
About to export specified users ...
. exporting pre-schema procedural objects and actions
. exporting foreign function library names for user SEC
. exporting PUBLIC type synonyms
. exporting private type synonyms
. exporting object type definitions for user SEC
About to export SEC's objects ...
. exporting database links
. exporting sequence numbers
. exporting cluster definitions
. about to export SEC's tables via Conventional Path ...
. . exporting table T 71325 rows exported
. exporting synonyms
. exporting views
. exporting stored procedures
. exporting operators
. exporting referential integrity constraints
. exporting triggers
. exporting indextypes
. exporting bitmap, functional and extensible indexes
. exporting posttables actions
. exporting materialized views
. exporting snapshot logs
. exporting job queues
. exporting refresh groups and children
. exporting dimensions
. exporting post-schema procedural objects and actions
. exporting statistics
Export terminated successfully without warnings.
2）使用EXPDP生成備份dump檔案
secooler@secDB /expdp$ expdp sec/sec directory=expdp_dir dumpfile=sec_expdp.dmp
Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Apr 3 11:21:43 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options
Starting "SEC"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": sec/******** directory=expdp_dir dumpfile=sec_expdp.dmp
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 9 MB
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
. . exported "SEC"."T" 6.904 MB 71325 rows
Master table "SEC"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for SEC.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:
/expdp/sec_expdp.dmp
Job "SEC"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 11:23:08
3.使用IMP的SHOW和IMPDP的SQLFILE引數檢視dump檔案中的SQL內容
1）使用IMP的SHOW引數檢視dump檔案中的SQL
secooler@secDB /expdp$ imp sec/sec file=sec_exp.dmp full=y show=y
Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Apr 3 11:33:05 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing option
Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path
import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
. importing SEC's objects into SEC
"BEGIN "
"sys.dbms_logrep_imp.instantiate_schema(schema_name=>SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','"
"CURRENT_SCHEMA'), export_db_name=>'SECOOLER', inst_scn=>'9648713');"
"COMMIT; END;"
"CREATE TABLE "T" ("OWNER" VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL ENABLE, "OBJECT_NAME" VARCH"
"AR2(30) NOT NULL ENABLE, "SUBOBJECT_NAME" VARCHAR2(30), "OBJECT_ID" NUMBER "
"NOT NULL ENABLE, "DATA_OBJECT_ID" NUMBER, "OBJECT_TYPE" VARCHAR2(19), "CREA"
"TED" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE, "LAST_DDL_TIME" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE, "TIMESTAMP"
"" VARCHAR2(19), "STATUS" VARCHAR2(7), "TEMPORARY" VARCHAR2(1), "GENERATED" "
"VARCHAR2(1), "SECONDARY" VARCHAR2(1), "NAMESPACE" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE, ""
"EDITION_NAME" VARCHAR2(30)) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 "
"STORAGE(INITIAL 9437184 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROU"
"PS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING NOCOMPRESS"
. . skipping table "T"
Import terminated successfully without warnings.
可見，dump檔案中僅僅記錄了表T的建立語句，而且需要手工重新進行排版。
2）使用IMPDP的SQLFILE引數檢視dump檔案中的SQL
secooler@secDB /expdp$ impdp sec/sec directory=expdp_dir dumpfile=sec_expdp.dmp sqlfile=sec_expdp.sql
Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Apr 3 11:38:01 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options
Master table "SEC"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "SEC"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01": sec/******** directory=expdp_dir dumpfile=sec_expdp.dmp sqlfile=sec_expdp.sql
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Job "SEC"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully completed at 11:38:05
此時，並沒有在生成過程中列印出SQL語句，而是將dump所包含SQL資訊直接寫入到了SQLFILE引數所指定的sec_expdp.sql檔案中。
檢視一下生成的sec_expdp.sql檔案內容。
secooler@secDB /expdp$ cat sec_expdp.sql
-- CONNECT SEC
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10150 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10904 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '25475 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10407 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10851 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '22830 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 192 ';
-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
-- CONNECT SYSTEM
CREATE USER "SEC" IDENTIFIED BY VALUES 'S:AE049953812DAE6CD7EC7A10E747EB7688FA697DB0B3725F009C705161FB;9EC74A4FC0A9E227'
DEFAULT TABLESPACE "USERS"
TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP";
-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
GRANT UNLIMITED TABLESPACE TO "SEC";
-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
GRANT "CONNECT" TO "SEC";
GRANT "DBA" TO "SEC";
-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
ALTER USER "SEC" DEFAULT ROLE ALL;
-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
-- CONNECT SEC
BEGIN
sys.dbms_logrep_imp.instantiate_schema(schema_name=>SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','CURRENT_SCHEMA'), export_db_name=>'SECOOLER', inst_scn=>'9649101');
COMMIT;
END;
/
-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
CREATE TABLE "SEC"."T"
( "OWNER" VARCHAR2(30 BYTE) NOT NULL ENABLE,
"OBJECT_NAME" VARCHAR2(30 BYTE) NOT NULL ENABLE,
"SUBOBJECT_NAME" VARCHAR2(30 BYTE),
"OBJECT_ID" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
"DATA_OBJECT_ID" NUMBER,
"OBJECT_TYPE" VARCHAR2(19 BYTE),
"CREATED" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE,
"LAST_DDL_TIME" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE,
"TIMESTAMP" VARCHAR2(19 BYTE),
"STATUS" VARCHAR2(7 BYTE),
"TEMPORARY" VARCHAR2(1 BYTE),
"GENERATED" VARCHAR2(1 BYTE),
"SECONDARY" VARCHAR2(1 BYTE),
"NAMESPACE" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
"EDITION_NAME" VARCHAR2(30 BYTE)
) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "USERS" ;
此刻，大家是不是有一種“SQL指令碼盡收眼底”的感覺。不僅語句結構清晰，而且包含的資訊已經不僅僅是T表的建立語句，同時包含了使用者的建立及授權語句（就是因為包含了使用者的建立資訊，因此在使用具有足夠許可權的使用者完成匯入時，即使sec使用者不存在，也會在匯入的過程中完成使用者sec的建立）。
4.小結
在使用IMP和IMPDP工具時，建議將每一個引數進行一番研究，也許就在研究的過程中獲得了意想不到的收穫。
透過這個例子大家也許進一步真實的感受到了IMPDP與IMP相比強大之處。
Good luck.
secooler
10.04.03
-- The End --
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