【BBED】 SYSTEM檔案頭損壞的恢復(4)

lhrbest發表於2016-04-19

BBEDSYSTEM檔案頭損壞的恢復

 

1.1  BLOG文件結構圖

wpsE209.tmp 

 

1.2  前言部分

 

1.2.1  導讀和注意事項

各位技術愛好者,看完本文後,你可以掌握如下的技能,也可以學到一些其它你所不知道的知識,~O(∩_∩)O~:

BBED恢復SYSTEM檔案頭

BBED檢視檔案頭的資訊

 

  Tips:

       ① 若文章程式碼格式有錯亂,推薦使用QQ、搜狗或360瀏覽器,也可以下載pdf格式的文件來檢視,pdf文件下載地址: (提取碼:ed9b 

       ② 本篇BLOG中命令的輸出部分需要特別關注的地方我都用灰色背景和粉紅色字型來表示,比如下邊的例子中,thread 1的最大歸檔日誌號為33thread 2的最大歸檔日誌號為43是需要特別關注的地方;而命令一般使用黃色背景和紅色字型注;對程式碼或程式碼輸出部分的注釋一般採用藍色字型表示

 

  List of Archived Logs in backup set 11

  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time            Next SCN   Next Time

  ---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------

  1    32      1621589    2015-05-29 11:09:52 1625242    2015-05-29 11:15:48

  1    33      1625242    2015-05-29 11:15:48 1625293    2015-05-29 11:15:58

  2    42      1613951    2015-05-29 10:41:18 1625245    2015-05-29 11:15:49

  2    43      1625245    2015-05-29 11:15:49 1625253    2015-05-29 11:15:53

 

 

 

 

[ZFXXDB1:root]:/>lsvg -o

T_XDESK_APP1_vg

rootvg

[ZFXXDB1:root]:/>

00:27:22 SQL> alter tablespace idxtbs read write;

 

 

====》2097152*512/1024/1024/1024=1G 

 

 

 

本文如有錯誤或不完善的地方請大家多多指正,ITPUB留言或QQ皆可,您的批評指正是我寫作的最大動力。

 

 

1.2.2  相關參考文章連結

【推薦】 【BBEDsys.bootstrap$ 物件的恢復:http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2083621/

【推薦】 【BBED】丟失歸檔檔案情況下的恢復:http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2079337/

【推薦】 【BBED】編譯及基本命令(1)http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2075216/

1.2.3  本文簡介

本文的實驗過程主要是為了學習BBED,大家學完做完這1篇還有之前的3blog,那麼BBED基本算是入門了,恭喜。

 

 

1.3  相關知識點掃盲(摘自網路)

 wpsE21A.tmp---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

 

第二章 實驗部分

2.1  實驗環境介紹

專案

db

db 型別

單例項

db version

11.2.0.4.0

db 儲存

FS

主機IP地址/hosts配置

192.168.59.129

OS版本及kernel版本

AIX 7.1 64位

歸檔模式

Archive Mode

ORACLE_SID

oralhr

 

 

2.2  實驗目標

破壞SYSTEM的檔案頭,然後利用SYSAUX檔案的檔案頭來恢復SYSTEM檔案頭。

 

2.3  實驗過程

2.3.1  冷備system檔案

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Apr 14 16:10:07 2016

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

 

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

 

SYS@oralhr> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SYS@oralhr> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>cp /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf_bk

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Apr 14 16:34:04 2016

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Connected to an idle instance.

 

SYS@oralhr> startup

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area 3089920000 bytes

Fixed Size                  2250360 bytes

Variable Size             721422728 bytes

Database Buffers         2348810240 bytes

Redo Buffers               17436672 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> set line 9999 pagesize 9999

SYS@oralhr> col name format a80

SYS@oralhr> select file#||' '||name||' '||bytes name from v$datafile;

 

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf 786432000

2 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf 576716800

3 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf 78643200

4 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/users01.dbf 310640640

 

SYS@oralhr>

 

2.3.2  模擬故障

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>l

total 208

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   dba              57 Apr 05 17:01 bbed.par

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   dba           52224 Apr 14 15:55 bifile.bbd

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   asmadmin       5715 Apr 06 15:34 ctl.sql

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   dba             302 Apr 14 10:32 file.txt

drwxrwxrwx    8 oracle   dba            4096 Apr 13 17:16 gdul

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   dba           21008 Apr 14 16:35 log.bbd

drwxrwxrwx    4 oracle   dba             256 Apr 12 15:52 oracle_bk

drwxrwxrwx    4 oracle   dba             256 Apr 05 16:54 rman_bak

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   dba             757 Apr 11 10:02 rman_bk_db_archive_lhr.sh

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   dba            1023 Apr 08 11:25 rman_bk_db_lhr.sh

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>cat file.txt

1 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf 786432000

2 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf 566231040

3 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf 78643200

4 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/users01.dbf 310640640

5 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf_bk 786432000

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>bbed PASSWORD=blockedit  mode=edit blocksize=8192 listfile=/home/oracle/file.txt

 

BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Thu Apr 14 16:36:00 2016

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

 

************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************

 

BBED> info

File#  Name                                                        Size(blks)

-----  ----                                                        ----------

     1  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf                  96000

     2  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf                  69120

     3  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf                  9600

     4  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/users01.dbf                   37920

     5  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf_bk               96000

BBED> help copy

COPY [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ] TO [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]

 

BBED> set count 128

        COUNT           128

 

BBED> copy file 1 block 111 to  file 1 block 1

Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) Y

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 377              Offsets:    0 to  127           Dba:0x00400179

------------------------------------------------------------------------

1ea20000 0040006f 000000e2 00000104 fa4c0000 00000001 03450080 00000000

00000000 0000f800 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 380:

current = 0xfa4c, required = 0xfa4c

 

BBED>

BBED>

 

重啟資料庫:

SYS@oralhr> startup force

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area 3089920000 bytes

Fixed Size                  2250360 bytes

Variable Size             721422728 bytes

Database Buffers         2348810240 bytes

Redo Buffers               17436672 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-01122: database file 1 failed verification check

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf'

ORA-01210: data file header is media corrupt

 

 

SYS@oralhr>

 

告警日誌:

Fri Apr 15 08:52:22 2016

ALTER DATABASE OPEN

Read of datafile '/oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf' (fno 1) header failed with ORA-01210

Hex dump of (file 1, block 1) in trace file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oralhr/oralhr/trace/oralhr_ora_7602280.trc

Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00400001 (file 1, block 1)

Bad header found during datafile header read

Data in bad block:

type: 30 format: 2 rdba: 0x0040006f

last change scn: 0x0000.000000e2 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x04

spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0

consistency value in tail: 0x00e21e01

check value in block header: 0xfa4c

computed block checksum: 0x0

Rereading datafile 1 header failed with ORA-01210

Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oralhr/oralhr/trace/oralhr_ora_7602280.trc:

ORA-01122: database file 1 failed verification check

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf'

ORA-01210: data file header is media corrupt

ORA-1122 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...

Fri Apr 15 08:52:23 2016

Checker run found 1 new persistent data failures

 

ORA-01210: data file header is media corrupt 檔案頭有介質損壞,下邊用BBED來恢復。

2.3.3  故障恢復

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>bbed PASSWORD=blockedit  mode=edit blocksize=8192 listfile=/home/oracle/file.txt

 

BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Thu Apr 14 16:42:59 2016

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

 

************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************

 

BBED> info

File#  Name                                                        Size(blks)

-----  ----                                                        ----------

     1  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf                  96000

     2  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf                  69120

     3  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf                  9600

     4  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/users01.dbf                   37920

     5  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf_bk               96000

 

BBED> set count 128

        COUNT           128

 

BBED>

BBED> set dba 1,1

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

 

BBED> map /v

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                                     Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------

BBED-00400: invalid blocktype (30)

BBED>

 

可以看到dba 11是一個非法的塊型別,下邊利用BBEDSYSAUX上的FILE HEADER複製到SYSTEM上,然後修改檔案頭相關的內容:

 

 

BBED> copy file 2 block 1 to  file 1 block 1

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:    0 to  511           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

0ba20000 00800001 00000000 00000104 ed220000 00000000 0b200400 1793c969

4f52414c 48520000 0000093b 00011300 00002000 00020003 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000716 00000000 3155becc 362e0deb 000e20dc 00007f18 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000004 000000a6 3630b88e 000000a5 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000001 00065359 53415558 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000002 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 0000b7e0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

3155bebd 00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 0013e5a8 0000c388 363142ec 00010000 0000002d 00000002 00100000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0xed22, required = 0xed22

 

BBED> map /v

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                                     Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------

Data File Header

 

struct kcvfh, 860 bytes                    @0      

    struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes               @0      

    struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes               @20     

    ub4 kcvfhrdb                            @96     

    struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes                @100    

    ub4 kcvfhcrt                            @108    

    ub4 kcvfhrlc                            @112    

    struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes                @116    

    ub4 kcvfhbti                            @124    

    struct kcvfhbsc, 8 bytes                @128    

    ub2 kcvfhbth                            @136    

    ub2 kcvfhsta                            @138    

    struct kcvfhckp, 160 bytes              @484    

    ub4 kcvfhcpc                            @140    

    ub4 kcvfhrts                            @144    

    ub4 kcvfhccc                            @148    

    struct kcvfhbcp, 160 bytes              @152    

    ub4 kcvfhbhz                            @312    

    struct kcvfhxcd, 16 bytes               @316    

    sword kcvfhtsn                          @332    

    ub2 kcvfhtln                            @336    

    text kcvfhtnm[30]                       @338    

    ub4 kcvfhrfn                            @368    

    struct kcvfhrfs, 8 bytes                @372    

    ub4 kcvfhrft                            @380    

    struct kcvfhafs, 8 bytes                @384    

    ub4 kcvfhbbc                            @392    

    ub4 kcvfhncb                            @396    

    ub4 kcvfhmcb                            @400    

    ub4 kcvfhlcb                            @404    

    ub4 kcvfhbcs                            @408    

    ub2 kcvfhofb                            @412    

    ub2 kcvfhnfb                            @414    

    ub4 kcvfhprc                            @416    

    struct kcvfhprs, 8 bytes                @420    

    struct kcvfhprfs, 8 bytes               @428    

    ub4 kcvfhtrt                            @444    

 

ub4 tailchk                                @8188   

 

 

BBED>

BBED> p kcvfh

struct kcvfh, 860 bytes                     @0      

   struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes                @0      

      ub1 type_kcbh                         @0        0x0b

      ub1 frmt_kcbh                         @1        0xa2

      ub1 spare1_kcbh                       @2        0x00

      ub1 spare2_kcbh                       @3        0x00

      ub4 rdba_kcbh                         @4        0x00800001

      ub4 bas_kcbh                          @8        0x00000000

      ub2 wrp_kcbh                          @12       0x0000

      ub1 seq_kcbh                          @14       0x01

      ub1 flg_kcbh                          @15       0x04 (KCBHFCKV)

      ub2 chkval_kcbh                       @16       0xed22

      ub2 spare3_kcbh                       @18       0x0000

   struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes                @20     

      ub4 kccfhswv                          @20       0x00000000

      ub4 kccfhcvn                          @24       0x0b200400

      ub4 kccfhdbi                          @28       0x1793c969

      text kccfhdbn[0]                      @32      O

      text kccfhdbn[1]                      @33      R

      text kccfhdbn[2]                      @34      A

      text kccfhdbn[3]                      @35      L

      text kccfhdbn[4]                      @36      H

      text kccfhdbn[5]                      @37      R

      text kccfhdbn[6]                      @38      

      text kccfhdbn[7]                      @39      

      ub4 kccfhcsq                          @40       0x0000093b

      ub4 kccfhfsz                          @44       0x00011300

      s_blkz kccfhbsz                       @48       0x00

      ub2 kccfhfno                          @52       0x0002

      ub2 kccfhtyp                          @54       0x0003

      ub4 kccfhacid                         @56       0x00000000

      ub4 kccfhcks                          @60       0x00000000

      text kccfhtag[0]                      @64      

      text kccfhtag[1]                      @65      

      text kccfhtag[2]                      @66      

      text kccfhtag[3]                      @67      

      text kccfhtag[4]                      @68      

      text kccfhtag[5]                      @69      

      text kccfhtag[6]                      @70      

      text kccfhtag[7]                      @71      

      text kccfhtag[8]                      @72      

      text kccfhtag[9]                      @73      

      text kccfhtag[10]                     @74      

      text kccfhtag[11]                     @75      

      text kccfhtag[12]                     @76      

      text kccfhtag[13]                     @77      

      text kccfhtag[14]                     @78      

      text kccfhtag[15]                     @79      

      text kccfhtag[16]                     @80      

      text kccfhtag[17]                     @81      

      text kccfhtag[18]                     @82      

      text kccfhtag[19]                     @83      

      text kccfhtag[20]                     @84      

      text kccfhtag[21]                     @85      

      text kccfhtag[22]                     @86      

      text kccfhtag[23]                     @87      

      text kccfhtag[24]                     @88      

      text kccfhtag[25]                     @89      

      text kccfhtag[26]                     @90      

      text kccfhtag[27]                     @91      

      text kccfhtag[28]                     @92      

      text kccfhtag[29]                     @93      

      text kccfhtag[30]                     @94      

      text kccfhtag[31]                     @95      

   ub4 kcvfhrdb                             @96       0x00000000

   struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes                 @100    

      ub4 kscnbas                           @100      0x00000716

      ub2 kscnwrp                           @104      0x0000

   ub4 kcvfhcrt                             @108      0x3155becc

   ub4 kcvfhrlc                             @112      0x362e0deb

   struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes                 @116    

      ub4 kscnbas                           @116      0x000e20dc

      ub2 kscnwrp                           @120      0x0000

   ub4 kcvfhbti                             @124      0x00000000

   struct kcvfhbsc, 8 bytes                 @128    

      ub4 kscnbas                           @128      0x00000000

      ub2 kscnwrp                           @132      0x0000

   ub2 kcvfhbth                             @136      0x0000

   ub2 kcvfhsta                             @138      0x0004 (KCVFHOFZ)

   struct kcvfhckp, 160 bytes               @484    

      struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes              @484    

         ub4 kscnbas                        @484      0x0013e5a8

         ub2 kscnwrp                        @488      0x0000

      ub4 kcvcptim                          @492      0x363142ec

      ub2 kcvcpthr                          @496      0x0001

      union u, 12 bytes                     @500    

         struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes          @500    

            ub4 kcrbaseq                    @500      0x0000002d

            ub4 kcrbabno                    @504      0x00000002

            ub2 kcrbabof                    @508      0x0010

      ub1 kcvcpetb[0]                       @512      0x02

      ub1 kcvcpetb[1]                       @513      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[2]                       @514      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[3]                       @515      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[4]                       @516      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[5]                       @517      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[6]                       @518      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[7]                       @519      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[8]                       @520      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[9]                       @521      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[10]                      @522      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[11]                      @523      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[12]                      @524      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[13]                      @525      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[14]                      @526      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[15]                      @527      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[16]                      @528      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[17]                      @529      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[18]                      @530      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[19]                      @531      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[20]                      @532      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[21]                      @533      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[22]                      @534      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[23]                      @535      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[24]                      @536      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[25]                      @537      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[26]                      @538      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[27]                      @539      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[28]                      @540      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[29]                      @541      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[30]                      @542      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[31]                      @543      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[32]                      @544      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[33]                      @545      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[34]                      @546      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[35]                      @547      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[36]                      @548      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[37]                      @549      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[38]                      @550      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[39]                      @551      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[40]                      @552      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[41]                      @553      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[42]                      @554      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[43]                      @555      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[44]                      @556      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[45]                      @557      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[46]                      @558      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[47]                      @559      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[48]                      @560      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[49]                      @561      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[50]                      @562      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[51]                      @563      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[52]                      @564      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[53]                      @565      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[54]                      @566      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[55]                      @567      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[56]                      @568      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[57]                      @569      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[58]                      @570      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[59]                      @571      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[60]                      @572      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[61]                      @573      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[62]                      @574      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[63]                      @575      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[64]                      @576      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[65]                      @577      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[66]                      @578      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[67]                      @579      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[68]                      @580      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[69]                      @581      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[70]                      @582      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[71]                      @583      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[72]                      @584      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[73]                      @585      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[74]                      @586      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[75]                      @587      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[76]                      @588      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[77]                      @589      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[78]                      @590      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[79]                      @591      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[80]                      @592      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[81]                      @593      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[82]                      @594      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[83]                      @595      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[84]                      @596      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[85]                      @597      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[86]                      @598      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[87]                      @599      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[88]                      @600      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[89]                      @601      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[90]                      @602      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[91]                      @603      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[92]                      @604      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[93]                      @605      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[94]                      @606      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[95]                      @607      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[96]                      @608      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[97]                      @609      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[98]                      @610      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[99]                      @611      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[100]                     @612      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[101]                     @613      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[102]                     @614      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[103]                     @615      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[104]                     @616      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[105]                     @617      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[106]                     @618      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[107]                     @619      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[108]                     @620      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[109]                     @621      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[110]                     @622      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[111]                     @623      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[112]                     @624      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[113]                     @625      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[114]                     @626      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[115]                     @627      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[116]                     @628      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[117]                     @629      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[118]                     @630      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[119]                     @631      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[120]                     @632      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[121]                     @633      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[122]                     @634      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[123]                     @635      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[124]                     @636      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[125]                     @637      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[126]                     @638      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[127]                     @639      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[128]                     @640      0x00

   ub4 kcvfhcpc                             @140      0x000000a6

   ub4 kcvfhrts                             @144      0x3630b88e

   ub4 kcvfhccc                             @148      0x000000a5

   struct kcvfhbcp, 160 bytes               @152    

      struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes              @152    

         ub4 kscnbas                        @152      0x00000000

         ub2 kscnwrp                        @156      0x0000

      ub4 kcvcptim                          @160      0x00000000

      ub2 kcvcpthr                          @164      0x0000

      union u, 12 bytes                     @168    

         struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes          @168    

            ub4 kcrbaseq                    @168      0x00000000

            ub4 kcrbabno                    @172      0x00000000

            ub2 kcrbabof                    @176      0x0000

      ub1 kcvcpetb[0]                       @180      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[1]                       @181      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[2]                       @182      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[3]                       @183      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[4]                       @184      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[5]                       @185      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[6]                       @186      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[7]                       @187      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[8]                       @188      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[9]                       @189      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[10]                      @190      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[11]                      @191      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[12]                      @192      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[13]                      @193      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[14]                      @194      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[15]                      @195      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[16]                      @196      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[17]                      @197      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[18]                      @198      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[19]                      @199      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[20]                      @200      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[21]                      @201      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[22]                      @202      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[23]                      @203      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[24]                      @204      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[25]                      @205      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[26]                      @206      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[27]                      @207      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[28]                      @208      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[29]                      @209      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[30]                      @210      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[31]                      @211      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[32]                      @212      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[33]                      @213      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[34]                      @214      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[35]                      @215      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[36]                      @216      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[37]                      @217      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[38]                      @218      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[39]                      @219      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[40]                      @220      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[41]                      @221      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[42]                      @222      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[43]                      @223      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[44]                      @224      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[45]                      @225      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[46]                      @226      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[47]                      @227      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[48]                      @228      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[49]                      @229      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[50]                      @230      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[51]                      @231      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[52]                      @232      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[53]                      @233      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[54]                      @234      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[55]                      @235      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[56]                      @236      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[57]                      @237      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[58]                      @238      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[59]                      @239      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[60]                      @240      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[61]                      @241      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[62]                      @242      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[63]                      @243      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[64]                      @244      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[65]                      @245      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[66]                      @246      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[67]                      @247      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[68]                      @248      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[69]                      @249      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[70]                      @250      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[71]                      @251      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[72]                      @252      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[73]                      @253      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[74]                      @254      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[75]                      @255      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[76]                      @256      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[77]                      @257      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[78]                      @258      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[79]                      @259      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[80]                      @260      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[81]                      @261      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[82]                      @262      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[83]                      @263      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[84]                      @264      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[85]                      @265      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[86]                      @266      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[87]                      @267      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[88]                      @268      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[89]                      @269      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[90]                      @270      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[91]                      @271      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[92]                      @272      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[93]                      @273      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[94]                      @274      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[95]                      @275      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[96]                      @276      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[97]                      @277      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[98]                      @278      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[99]                      @279      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[100]                     @280      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[101]                     @281      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[102]                     @282      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[103]                     @283      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[104]                     @284      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[105]                     @285      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[106]                     @286      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[107]                     @287      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[108]                     @288      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[109]                     @289      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[110]                     @290      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[111]                     @291      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[112]                     @292      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[113]                     @293      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[114]                     @294      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[115]                     @295      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[116]                     @296      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[117]                     @297      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[118]                     @298      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[119]                     @299      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[120]                     @300      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[121]                     @301      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[122]                     @302      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[123]                     @303      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[124]                     @304      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[125]                     @305      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[126]                     @306      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[127]                     @307      0x00

      ub1 kcvcpetb[128]                     @308      0x00

   ub4 kcvfhbhz                             @312      0x00000000

   struct kcvfhxcd, 16 bytes                @316    

      ub4 space_kcvmxcd[0]                  @316      0x00000000

      ub4 space_kcvmxcd[1]                  @320      0x00000000

      ub4 space_kcvmxcd[2]                  @324      0x00000000

      ub4 space_kcvmxcd[3]                  @328      0x00000000

   sword kcvfhtsn                           @332      1

   ub2 kcvfhtln                             @336      0x0006

   text kcvfhtnm[0]                         @338     S

   text kcvfhtnm[1]                         @339     Y

   text kcvfhtnm[2]                         @340     S

   text kcvfhtnm[3]                         @341     A

   text kcvfhtnm[4]                         @342     U

   text kcvfhtnm[5]                         @343     X

   text kcvfhtnm[6]                         @344     

   text kcvfhtnm[7]                         @345     

   text kcvfhtnm[8]                         @346     

   text kcvfhtnm[9]                         @347     

   text kcvfhtnm[10]                        @348     

   text kcvfhtnm[11]                        @349     

   text kcvfhtnm[12]                        @350     

   text kcvfhtnm[13]                        @351     

   text kcvfhtnm[14]                        @352     

   text kcvfhtnm[15]                        @353     

   text kcvfhtnm[16]                        @354     

   text kcvfhtnm[17]                        @355     

   text kcvfhtnm[18]                        @356     

   text kcvfhtnm[19]                        @357     

   text kcvfhtnm[20]                        @358     

   text kcvfhtnm[21]                        @359     

   text kcvfhtnm[22]                        @360     

   text kcvfhtnm[23]                        @361     

   text kcvfhtnm[24]                        @362     

   text kcvfhtnm[25]                        @363     

   text kcvfhtnm[26]                        @364     

   text kcvfhtnm[27]                        @365     

   text kcvfhtnm[28]                        @366     

   text kcvfhtnm[29]                        @367     

   ub4 kcvfhrfn                             @368      0x00000002

   struct kcvfhrfs, 8 bytes                 @372    

      ub4 kscnbas                           @372      0x00000000

      ub2 kscnwrp                           @376      0x0000

   ub4 kcvfhrft                             @380      0x00000000

   struct kcvfhafs, 8 bytes                 @384    

      ub4 kscnbas                           @384      0x00000000

      ub2 kscnwrp                           @388      0x0000

   ub4 kcvfhbbc                             @392      0x00000000

   ub4 kcvfhncb                             @396      0x00000000

   ub4 kcvfhmcb                             @400      0x00000000

   ub4 kcvfhlcb                             @404      0x00000000

   ub4 kcvfhbcs                             @408      0x00000000

   ub2 kcvfhofb                             @412      0x0000

   ub2 kcvfhnfb                             @414      0x0000

   ub4 kcvfhprc                             @416      0x3155bebd

   struct kcvfhprs, 8 bytes                 @420    

      ub4 kscnbas                           @420      0x00000001

      ub2 kscnwrp                           @424      0x0000

   struct kcvfhprfs, 8 bytes                @428    

      ub4 kscnbas                           @428      0x00000000

      ub2 kscnwrp                           @432      0x0000

   ub4 kcvfhtrt                             @444      0x00000000

 

BBED>

 

 

 

2.3.3.1  修改檔案頭的資訊

我們需要修改的地方有十個,分別是:

      ub4 rdba_kcbh                         @4        0x00800001

      ub4 kccfhfsz                          @44       0x00011300

      ub2 kccfhfno                          @52       0x0002

   ub4 kcvfhrdb                             @96       0x00000000

    struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes              @100    

       ub4 kscnbas                           @100      0x00000716

       ub2 kscnwrp                           @104      0x0000

    ub4 kcvfhcrt                             @108      0x3155becc

    ub2 kcvfhsta                             @138      0x0004 (KCVFHOFZ)

   sword kcvfhtsn                           @332      1

   text kcvfhtnm[3]                         @341     A

   text kcvfhtnm[4]                         @342     U

   text kcvfhtnm[5]                         @343     X

   ub4 kcvfhrfn                              @368      0x00000002

 

一、 ub4 rdba_kcbh 相對資料塊地址

      ub4 rdba_kcbh                         @4        0x00800001

 

原資訊:

BBED> set dba 1,1

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

 

BBED> p kcvfhbfh

struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes                   @0      

   ub1 type_kcbh                            @0        0x0b

   ub1 frmt_kcbh                            @1        0xa2

   ub1 spare1_kcbh                          @2        0x00

   ub1 spare2_kcbh                          @3        0x00

   ub4 rdba_kcbh                            @4        0x00800001

   ub4 bas_kcbh                             @8        0x00000000

   ub2 wrp_kcbh                             @12       0x0000

   ub1 seq_kcbh                             @14       0x01

   ub1 flg_kcbh                             @15       0x04 (KCBHFCKV)

   ub2 chkval_kcbh                          @16       0xed22

   ub2 spare3_kcbh                          @18       0x0000

 

BBED>

BBED> d count 128 offset 4

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:    4 to  131           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

 00800001 00000000 00000104 ed220000 00000000 0b200400 1793c969 4f52414c

48520000 0000093b 00011300 00002000 00020003 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000716 00000000 3155becc 362e0deb 000e20dc 00007f18 00000000 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED>

 

該引數值代表當前資料塊在資料庫中的位置,轉換為2進位制後前10位代表檔案號,後22位代表塊號,轉換表格如下:

 

原值

新值

儲存16進位制

0x00800001

0x00400001

可讀16進位制

0x00800001

0x00400001

2進位制

0123456789 0123456789012345678901

---------------------------------

0000000010 0000000000000000000001

0123456789 0123456789012345678901

---------------------------------

0000000001 0000000000000000000001

表示意義

FILE 2 BLOCK 1

FILE 1 BLOCK 1

 

我們用計算器可以算得需要修改後的16進位制,由於是AIX平臺,儲存和可讀的順序是一致的,這裡很慚愧,第一次看到這的時候實在看不懂檔案2是如何得到的,因為源資料不是這樣寫的,後來在公司老貓的幫助下,我才弄懂了這裡的轉換關係,所以我分享給大家,也感謝老貓的幫助。

 

轉換:

 

BBED> set dba 1,1 offset 4

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        OFFSET          4

BBED> modify /x 00400001

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:    4 to  131           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

 00400001 00000000 00000104 ed220000 00000000 0b200400 1793c969 4f52414c

48520000 0000093b 00011300 00002000 00020003 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000716 00000000 3155becc 362e0deb 000e20dc 00007f18 00000000 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> p kcvfhbfh

struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes                   @0      

   ub1 type_kcbh                            @0        0x0b

   ub1 frmt_kcbh                            @1        0xa2

   ub1 spare1_kcbh                          @2        0x00

   ub1 spare2_kcbh                          @3        0x00

   ub4 rdba_kcbh                            @4        0x00400001

   ub4 bas_kcbh                             @8        0x00000000

   ub2 wrp_kcbh                             @12       0x0000

   ub1 seq_kcbh                             @14       0x01

   ub1 flg_kcbh                             @15       0x04 (KCBHFCKV)

   ub2 chkval_kcbh                          @16       0xed22

   ub2 spare3_kcbh                          @18       0x0000

 

BBED>

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0xede2, required = 0xede2

 

 

 

二、 檔案大小和檔案號

BBED> p kcvfhhdr

struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes                   @20     

   ub4 kccfhswv                             @20       0x00000000

   ub4 kccfhcvn                             @24       0x0b200400

   ub4 kccfhdbi                             @28       0x1793c969

   text kccfhdbn[0]                         @32      O

   text kccfhdbn[1]                         @33      R

   text kccfhdbn[2]                         @34      A

   text kccfhdbn[3]                         @35      L

   text kccfhdbn[4]                         @36      H

   text kccfhdbn[5]                         @37      R

   text kccfhdbn[6]                         @38      

   text kccfhdbn[7]                         @39      

   ub4 kccfhcsq                             @40       0x0000093b

   ub4 kccfhfsz                             @44       0x00011300

   s_blkz kccfhbsz                          @48       0x00

   ub2 kccfhfno                             @52       0x0002

   ub2 kccfhtyp                             @54       0x0003

   ub4 kccfhacid                            @56       0x00000000

   ub4 kccfhcks                             @60       0x00000000

   text kccfhtag[0]                         @64      

   text kccfhtag[1]                         @65      

   text kccfhtag[2]                         @66      

   text kccfhtag[3]                         @67      

   text kccfhtag[4]                         @68      

   text kccfhtag[5]                         @69      

   text kccfhtag[6]                         @70      

   text kccfhtag[7]                         @71      

   text kccfhtag[8]                         @72      

   text kccfhtag[9]                         @73      

   text kccfhtag[10]                        @74      

   text kccfhtag[11]                        @75      

   text kccfhtag[12]                        @76      

   text kccfhtag[13]                        @77      

   text kccfhtag[14]                        @78      

   text kccfhtag[15]                        @79      

   text kccfhtag[16]                        @80      

   text kccfhtag[17]                        @81      

   text kccfhtag[18]                        @82      

   text kccfhtag[19]                        @83      

   text kccfhtag[20]                        @84      

   text kccfhtag[21]                        @85      

   text kccfhtag[22]                        @86      

   text kccfhtag[23]                        @87      

   text kccfhtag[24]                        @88      

   text kccfhtag[25]                        @89      

   text kccfhtag[26]                        @90      

   text kccfhtag[27]                        @91      

   text kccfhtag[28]                        @92      

   text kccfhtag[29]                        @93      

   text kccfhtag[30]                        @94      

   text kccfhtag[31]                        @95      

 

BBED>

 

1、 ub4 kccfhfsz 檔案大小

ub4 kccfhfsz                          @44       0x00011300

 

具體轉換過程參考如下表格:

 

原值

新值

儲存16進位制

0x00011300

0x00017700

可讀16進位制

0x00011300

0x00017700

可讀10進位制(blocks)

70400

96000

DB FILE SIZE

576716800

786432000

OS FILE SIZE

576724992

786440192

演算法

十六進位制11300轉換10進製為70400,代表塊數,70400*8192=576716800byte ,加上一個資料塊代表OS檔案的大小:576716800+8192=576724992

 

從OS獲取檔案大小,從而反推DB基本的檔案大小,OS檔案大小786440192786440192-8192=786432000DB基本檔案大小,786432000/8192=96000為資料庫的blocks數,轉換16進製為0x00017700

檔案大小

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>cd /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr   

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr>l sys*

-rw-r-----    1 oracle   asmadmin  576724992 Apr 15 08:45 sysaux01.dbf

-rw-r-----    1 oracle   asmadmin  786440192 Apr 15 09:31 system01.dbf

-rw-r-----    1 oracle   dba       786440192 Apr 14 10:02 system01.dbf_bk

 

修改:

 

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>cd /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr   

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr>l sys*

-rw-r-----    1 oracle   asmadmin  576724992 Apr 15 08:45 sysaux01.dbf

-rw-r-----    1 oracle   asmadmin  786440192 Apr 15 09:31 system01.dbf

-rw-r-----    1 oracle   dba       786440192 Apr 14 10:02 system01.dbf_bk

 

BBED> set dba 1,1 offset 44 count 64

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        OFFSET          44

        COUNT           64

 

BBED> d

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:   44 to  107           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

00011300 00002000 00020003 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000716 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> m /x 00017700

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:   44 to  107           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

00017700 00002000 00020003 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000716 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0x89e2, required = 0x89e2

 

BBED> d

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:   44 to  107           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

00017700 00002000 00020003 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000716 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED>

 

 

2、 ub2 kccfhfno 檔案號

 

ub2 kccfhfno                          @52       0x0002

 

比較簡單,原sysaux2號檔案,我們需要修改為1號檔案:

BBED> set dba 1,1 offset 52 count 64

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        OFFSET          52

        COUNT           64

 

BBED> d

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:   52 to  115           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

00020003 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000716 00000000 3155becc 362e0deb

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> m /x 00010003

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:   52 to  115           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

00010003 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000716 00000000 3155becc 362e0deb

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0x89e1, required = 0x89e1

 

BBED>

 

三、 ub4 kcvfhrdb  bootstrap$ 物件的地址

   ub4 kcvfhrdb                             @96       0x00000000

 

該部分資訊為sys.bootstrap$ 物件的地址,在10g中固定DBA1,377, 但在11gdba1,520,這裡看到為0,說明2號檔案上不存在該物件, 其轉換形式和rdba_kcbh部分是一樣的,不再贅述。

 

 

 

11g中儲存在1號檔案520塊:

BBED> info

File#  Name                                                        Size(blks)

-----  ----                                                        ----------

     1  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf                  96000

     2  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf                  69120

     3  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf                  9600

     4  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/users01.dbf                   37920

     5  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf_bk               96000

 

BBED>

BBED>

BBED> set dba 5,1 offset 96 count 64

        DBA             0x01400001 (20971521 5,1)

        OFFSET          96

        COUNT           64

 

BBED> print kcvfhrdb

ub4 kcvfhrdb                                @96       0x00400208

====》 0000000001 00000000000010000010001號檔案520塊,下邊我們進行修改:

 

 

BBED> set dba 1,1 offset 96 count 64

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        OFFSET          96

        COUNT           64

 

BBED> d

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:   96 to  159           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

00000000 00000716 00000000 3155becc 362e0deb 000e20dc 00007f18 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000004 000000a6 3630b88e 000000a5 00000000 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> modify /x 00400208

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:   96 to  159           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

00400208 00000716 00000000 3155becc 362e0deb 000e20dc 00007f18 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000004 000000a6 3630b88e 000000a5 00000000 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0x8ba9, required = 0x8ba9

 

BBED>

 

四、 ub4 kscnbas 檔案建立SCN

    struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes                    @100    

      ub4 kscnbas                           @100      0x00000716

      ub2 kscnwrp                           @104      0x0000

 

 

SYS@oralhr> set line 9999

SYS@oralhr> col name format a60

SYS@oralhr> SELECT d.FILE#,d.CREATION_CHANGE#,to_char(d.CREATION_CHANGE#,'xxxxxxxxxxxx') scn_hx,d.NAME FROM v$datafile d ;

 

     FILE# CREATION_CHANGE# SCN_HX                     NAME

---------- ---------------- -------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------

         1                8             8              /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf

         2             1814           716              /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf

         3           923586         e17c2              /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf

         4            16050          3eb2              /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/users01.dbf

 

SYS@oralhr>

 

====》 2號檔案的scn1814轉換為16進位制後就是716,和bbed查詢出來的一致,下邊修改1號檔案的scn

 

 

BBED> p kcvfhcrs

struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes                    @100    

   ub4 kscnbas                              @100      0x00000716

   ub2 kscnwrp                              @104      0x0000

 

BBED> set dba 1,1 offset 100 count 64

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        OFFSET          100

        COUNT           64

 

BBED> m /x 00000008

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:  100 to  163           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

00000008 00000000 3155becc 362e0deb 000e20dc 00007f18 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000004 000000a6 3630b88e 000000a5 00000000 00000000 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0x8cb7, required = 0x8cb7

 

BBED> p kcvfhcrs

struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes                    @100    

   ub4 kscnbas                              @100      0x00000008

   ub2 kscnwrp                              @104      0x0000

 

BBED>

 

五、 ub4 kcvfhcrt 檔案建立時間

 

BBED> p kcvfhcrt

ub4 kcvfhcrt                                @108      0x3155becc

 

BBED>

 

 

SYS@oralhr> set line 9999

SYS@oralhr> col name format a60

SYS@oralhr> col scn_hx format a15

SYS@oralhr> col time_hx format a15

SYS@oralhr> select file#,name,CREATION_CHANGE#,scn_hx,CREATION_TIME_N,to_char(CREATION_TIME_N,'xxxxxxxxxxxx') time_hx,CREATION_TIME_D from (

  2  SELECT d.FILE#,

  3         d.NAME,

  4         d.CREATION_CHANGE#,

  5         to_char(d.CREATION_CHANGE#,'xxxxxxxxxxxx') scn_hx,

  6         ((to_char(d.CREATION_TIME, 'YYYY') - 1988) * 12 * 31 * 24 * 3600 +

  7         (to_char(d.CREATION_TIME, 'MM') - 1) * 31 * 24 * 3600 +

  8         (to_char(d.CREATION_TIME, 'dd') - 1) * 24 * 3600 +

  9         (to_char(d.CREATION_TIME, 'hh24')) * 3600 +

10         (to_char(d.CREATION_TIME, 'mi')) * 60 +

11         to_char(d.CREATION_TIME, 'ss')) CREATION_TIME_N,

12         to_char(d.CREATION_TIME, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') CREATION_TIME_D

13    FROM v$datafile d);

 

     FILE# NAME                                                         CREATION_CHANGE# SCN_HX          CREATION_TIME_N TIME_HX         CREATION_TIME_D

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------

         1 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf                             8             8         827702981      3155bec5   2013-10-01 21:29:41

         2 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf                          1814           716         827702988      3155becc   2013-10-01 21:29:48

         3 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf                       923586         e17c2         827712502      3155e3f6   2013-10-02 00:08:22

         4 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/users01.dbf                          16050          3eb2         827703010      3155bee2   2013-10-01 21:30:10

 

SYS@oralhr>

 

BBED> p kcvfhcrt

ub4 kcvfhcrt                                @108      0x3155becc

 

BBED> set dba 1,1 offset 108

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        OFFSET          108

 

BBED>

BBED> m /x 3155BEC5

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:  108 to  171           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

3155bec5 362e0deb 000e20dc 00007f18 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000004

000000a6 3630b88e 000000a5 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED>

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0x8cbe, required = 0x8cbe

 

BBED>

 

 

六、 ub2 kcvfhsta 檔案頭部狀態

ub2 kcvfhsta                                @138      0x0004 (KCVFHOFZ)

 

表示檔案的狀態,對於檔案1,正常關閉的值為819216進製為2000

 

BBED> set dba 1,1 offset 138  count 64

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        OFFSET          138

        COUNT           64

 

BBED> d

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:  138 to  201           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

00040000 00a63630 b88e0000 00a50000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> m /x 2000

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:  138 to  201           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

20000000 00a63630 b88e0000 00a50000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0xacba, required = 0xacba

 

BBED>

 

 

七、 kcvfhtsn  表空間號

   sword kcvfhtsn                           @332      1

system0號表空間:

SYS@oralhr> select ts#,name from v$tablespace;

 

       TS# NAME

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------

         0 SYSTEM

         1 SYSAUX

         2 UNDOTBS1

         4 USERS

         3 TEMP

 

 

BBED> p kcvfhtsn

sword kcvfhtsn                              @332      1

 

BBED> set dba 1,1 offset 332  count 64

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        OFFSET          332

        COUNT           64

 

BBED> m /x 00000000

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:  332 to  395           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

00000000 00065359 53415558 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000002 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0000b7e0 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0xacbb, required = 0xacbb

 

BBED>  p kcvfhtsn

sword kcvfhtsn                              @332      0

 

BBED>

 

 

八、 p kcvfhtnm 表空間名

   text kcvfhtnm[3]                         @341     A

   text kcvfhtnm[4]                         @342     U

   text kcvfhtnm[5]                         @343     X

 

BBED> p kcvfhtnm

text kcvfhtnm[0]                            @338     S

text kcvfhtnm[1]                            @339     Y

text kcvfhtnm[2]                            @340     S

text kcvfhtnm[3]                            @341     A

text kcvfhtnm[4]                            @342     U

text kcvfhtnm[5]                            @343     X

text kcvfhtnm[6]                            @344     

text kcvfhtnm[7]                            @345     

text kcvfhtnm[8]                            @346     

text kcvfhtnm[9]                            @347     

text kcvfhtnm[10]                           @348     

text kcvfhtnm[11]                           @349     

text kcvfhtnm[12]                           @350     

text kcvfhtnm[13]                           @351     

text kcvfhtnm[14]                           @352     

text kcvfhtnm[15]                           @353     

text kcvfhtnm[16]                           @354     

text kcvfhtnm[17]                           @355     

text kcvfhtnm[18]                           @356     

text kcvfhtnm[19]                           @357     

text kcvfhtnm[20]                           @358     

text kcvfhtnm[21]                           @359     

text kcvfhtnm[22]                           @360     

text kcvfhtnm[23]                           @361     

text kcvfhtnm[24]                           @362     

text kcvfhtnm[25]                           @363     

text kcvfhtnm[26]                           @364     

text kcvfhtnm[27]                           @365     

text kcvfhtnm[28]                           @366     

text kcvfhtnm[29]                           @367     

 

BBED>

 

我們需要修改為SYSTEM,可以查詢ASCII碼錶,或者從其它庫中獲取,注意這個值不存在大小端的轉換:

BBED> set dba 1,1 offset 338  count 64

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        OFFSET          338

        COUNT           64

 

BBED> d /v

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1       Offsets:  338 to  401  Dba:0x00400001

-------------------------------------------------------

53595341 55580000 00000000 00000000 l SYSAUX..........

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00020000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00000000 b7e00000 00000000 00000000 l ................

 

<16 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> set dba 5,1 offset 338  count 64

        DBA             0x01400001 (20971521 5,1)

        OFFSET          338

        COUNT           64

 

BBED> d /v

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf_bk (5)

Block: 1       Offsets:  338 to  401  Dba:0x01400001

-------------------------------------------------------

53595354 454d0000 00000000 00000000 l SYSTEM..........

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00010000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00000000 b7e00000 00000000 00000000 l ................

 

BBED> set dba 5,1 offset 341  count 64

        DBA             0x01400001 (20971521 5,1)

        OFFSET          341

        COUNT           64

 

BBED> d /v

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf_bk (5)

Block: 1       Offsets:  341 to  404  Dba:0x01400001

-------------------------------------------------------

54454d00 00000000 00000000 00000000 l TEM.............

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000100 l ................

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00b7e000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

 

<16 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> set dba 1,1 offset 341  count 64

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        OFFSET          341

        COUNT           64

 

BBED> d /v

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1       Offsets:  341 to  404  Dba:0x00400001

-------------------------------------------------------

41555800 00000000 00000000 00000000 l AUX.............

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000200 l ................

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00b7e000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

 

<16 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> m /x 54454d00

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:  341 to  404           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

54454d00 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000200

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00b7e000 00000000 00000000 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0xbcbb, required = 0xbcbb

 

BBED> set dba 1,1 offset 338  count 64

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        OFFSET          338

        COUNT           64

 

BBED> d /v

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1       Offsets:  338 to  401  Dba:0x00400001

-------------------------------------------------------

 53595354 454d0000 00000000 00000000 l SYSTEM..........

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00020000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00000000 b7e00000 00000000 00000000 l ................

 

<16 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED>

 

九、 ub4 kcvfhrfn 相對檔案號

ub4 kcvfhrfn                             @368      0x00000002

代表相對檔案號,需要修改為1號:

BBED>  p kcvfhrfn

ub4 kcvfhrfn                                @368      0x00000002

 

BBED> set dba 1,1 offset 368   count 64

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        OFFSET          368

        COUNT           64

 

BBED> m /x 00000001

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:  368 to  431           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0000b7e0 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 3155bebd 00000001 00000000 00000000

 

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

 

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0xbcb8, required = 0xbcb8

 

BBED> p kcvfhrfn

ub4 kcvfhrfn                                @368      0x00000001

 

BBED>

 

 

2.3.3.2  嘗試open資料庫

在以上所有修改完畢後就可以嘗試啟動資料庫了:

 

SYS@oralhr> select open_mode from v$database;

 

OPEN_MODE

----------------------------------------

MOUNTED

 

SYS@oralhr> alter database open;

alter database open

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf'

 

SYS@oralhr> recover datafile 1;

Media recovery complete.

SYS@oralhr> alter database open;

 

Database altered.

 

SYS@oralhr>

 

由於沒有修改檔案頭與檢查點有關的內容,故需要做recover操作,由於歸檔日誌都在,所以直接recover datafile 1恢復即可。

open的過程中的告警日誌:

Fri Apr 15 10:51:33 2016

alter database open

Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oralhr/oralhr/trace/oralhr_ora_7602280.trc:

ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf'

ORA-1113 signalled during: alter database open...

Fri Apr 15 10:51:33 2016

Checker run found 1 new persistent data failures

Fri Apr 15 10:54:28 2016

ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 1 

Media Recovery Start

Serial Media Recovery started

Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 45 Reading mem 0

  Mem# 0: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/redo03.log

Media Recovery Complete (oralhr)

Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 1 

Fri Apr 15 10:54:40 2016

alter database open

Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads

parallel recovery started with 7 processes

Started redo scan

Completed redo scan

read 16 KB redo, 15 data blocks need recovery

Started redo application at

Thread 1: logseq 45, block 14177

Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 45 Reading mem 0

  Mem# 0: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/redo03.log

Completed redo application of 0.01MB

Completed crash recovery at

Thread 1: logseq 45, block 14209, scn 1332897

15 data blocks read, 15 data blocks written, 16 redo k-bytes read

Fri Apr 15 10:54:41 2016

LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES

Fri Apr 15 10:54:41 2016

ARC0 started with pid=33, OS id=23003154

ARC0: Archival started

LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE

Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 46 (thread open)

ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES

Thread 1 opened at log sequence 46

  Current log# 1 seq# 46 mem# 0: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/redo01.log

Successful open of redo thread 1

MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set

Fri Apr 15 10:54:41 2016

SMON: enabling cache recovery

Fri Apr 15 10:54:41 2016

ARC1 started with pid=34, OS id=39977044

Fri Apr 15 10:54:41 2016

ARC2 started with pid=35, OS id=24707290

Fri Apr 15 10:54:41 2016

ARC3 started with pid=36, OS id=34668790

ARC1: Archival started

ARC2: Archival started

ARC3: Archival started

ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE

ARC1: Becoming the 'no FAL' ARCH

ARC1: Becoming the 'no SRL' ARCH

ARC2: Becoming the heartbeat ARCH

[7602280] Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.

Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:890311400 end:890311459 diff:59 (0 seconds)

Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..

Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed

SMON: enabling tx recovery

Database Characterset is AL32UTF8

Archived Log entry 40 added for thread 1 sequence 45 ID 0x1793c569 dest 1:

No Resource Manager plan active

replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)

Starting background process QMNC

Fri Apr 15 10:54:41 2016

QMNC started with pid=37, OS id=34537504

Completed: alter database open

Fri Apr 15 10:54:42 2016

Starting background process CJQ0

Fri Apr 15 10:54:42 2016

CJQ0 started with pid=40, OS id=21037310

Fri Apr 15 10:59:43 2016

Starting background process SMCO

Fri Apr 15 10:59:43 2016

SMCO started with pid=41, OS id=28967004

 

 

2.4  實驗總結

其實重要的不在於恢復的過程,而在於對BBED工具的瞭解,透過BBED來了解檔案頭塊的內容和格式,對於這個案例我們可以直接將備份的檔案頭copy1號檔案的檔案頭實現恢復。

 





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【BBED】 SYSTEM檔案頭損壞的恢復(4)
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