今天看了老熊關於sql_profile的講解，受益匪淺，自己在本機也做了一通,感覺好記性不如爛筆頭還是得多總結總測試才能真正理解。
準備的資料如下，建立兩個表，一個大，一個小，然後做表分析
SQL> create table t1 as select object_id,object_name from dba_objects where rownum<=50000;
Table created.
SQL> create table t2 as select * from dba_objects;
Table created.
SQL> create index t2_idx on t2(object_id);
Index created.
SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'t1',cascade=>true,method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'t2',cascade=>true,method_opt=>'for all columns size 1');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

不加任何hint,檢視執行計劃,可以看到兩個表都走了全表掃描。
SQL> set autot trace exp stat
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> set pages 100
SQL> select t1.*,t2.owner from t1,t2 where t1.object_name like '%T1%' and t1.object_id=t2.object_id;
26 rows selected.

Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1838229974
-----------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost |
-----------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 2500 | 112K| 122 |
|* 1 | HASH JOIN | | 2500 | 112K| 122 |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T1 | 2500 | 77500 | 8 |
| 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T2 | 269K| 3952K| 107 |
-----------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
1 - access("T1"."OBJECT_ID"="T2"."OBJECT_ID")
2 - filter("T1"."OBJECT_NAME" LIKE '%T1%' AND "T1"."OBJECT_NAME" IS
NOT NULL)
Note
-----
- cpu costing is off (consider enabling it)

Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1 recursive calls
0 db block gets
4477 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
1669 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
531 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
26 rows processed

如果手動調優，加入Hint，可以參考如下的形式，可以看到效能有了成倍的提升。

SQL> select /*+ use_nl(t1 t2) index(t2) */ t1.*,t2.owner
2 from t1,t2
3 where t1.object_name like '%T1%'
and t1.object_id=t2.object_id; 4
26 rows selected.

Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1022743391

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 2500 | 112K| 258 |
| 1 | NESTED LOOPS | | | | |
| 2 | NESTED LOOPS | | 2500 | 112K| 258 |
|* 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | T1 | 2500 | 77500 | 8 |
|* 4 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | T2_IDX | 1 | | 1 |
| 5 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T2 | 1 | 15 | 1 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
3 - filter("T1"."OBJECT_NAME" LIKE '%T1%' AND "T1"."OBJECT_NAME" IS
NOT NULL)
4 - access("T1"."OBJECT_ID"="T2"."OBJECT_ID")

Note
-----
- cpu costing is off (consider enabling it)

Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1 recursive calls
0 db block gets
323 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
1669 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
531 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
26 rows processed

下面來根據sql_id來進行調優，試試sql_profile給出的見解。先從快取中查出剛才執行的sql語句。

SQL> select sql_id,sql_text from v$sql where sql_text like '%t1.object_name%'
2 /
SQL_ID
。。。。
4zbqykx89yc8v
select t1.*,t2.owner from t1,t2 where t1.object_name like '%T1%' and t1.object_id=t2.object_id
2pxr40u2zm0ja
select sql_id,sql_text from v$sql where sql_text like '%t1.object_name%'

然後執行下面的儲存過程，執行sqltune task.
SQL> var tuning_task varchar2(100);
SQL> DECLARE
l_sql_id v$session.prev_sql_id%TYPE;
l_tuning_task VARCHAR2(30);
BEGIN
l_sql_id:='4zbqykx89yc8v';
l_tuning_task := dbms_sqltune.create_tuning_task(sql_id => l_sql_id);
:tuning_task:=l_tuning_task;
dbms_sqltune.execute_tuning_task(l_tuning_task);
dbms_output.put_line(l_tuning_task);
END;
/

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

檢視task的name
SQL> print tuning_task;
TUNING_TASK
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TASK_12352

如果sql語句本身不復雜，涉及的表不大的話，執行是很快的。如下檢視報告。
SQL> set long 99999
SQL> col comments format a200
SQL> SELECT dbms_sqltune.report_tuning_task(:tuning_task)COMMENTS FROM dual;
COMMENTS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GENERAL INFORMATION SECTION
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tuning Task Name : TASK_12352
Tuning Task Owner : N1
Workload Type : Single SQL Statement
Scope : COMPREHENSIVE
Time Limit(seconds): 1800
Completion Status : COMPLETED
Started at : 07/10/2014 15:04:18
Completed at : 07/10/2014 15:04:20

Schema Name: N1
SQL ID : 4zbqykx89yc8v
SQL Text : select t1.*,t2.owner from t1,t2 where t1.object_name like '%T1%'
and t1.object_id=t2.object_id

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINDINGS SECTION (1 finding)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1- SQL Profile Finding (see explain plans section below)

A potentially better execution plan was found for this statement.

Recommendation (estimated benefit: 92.9%)
-----------------------------------------
- Consider accepting the recommended SQL profile.
execute dbms_sqltune.accept_sql_profile(task_name => 'TASK_12352',task_owner => 'N1', replace => TRUE);

Validation results
------------------
The SQL profile was tested by executing both its plan and the original plan
and measuring their respective execution statistics. A plan may have been
only partially executed if the other could be run to completion in less time.

Original Plan With SQL Profile % Improved
------------- ---------------- ----------
Completion Status: COMPLETE COMPLETE
Elapsed Time (s): .042304 .006329 85.03 %
CPU Time (s): .042293 .006399 84.86 %
User I/O Time (s): 0 0
Buffer Gets: 4475 317 92.91 %
Physical Read Requests: 0 0
Physical Write Requests: 0 0
Physical Read Bytes: 0 0
Physical Write Bytes: 0 0
Rows Processed: 26 26
Fetches: 26 26
Executions: 1 1

Notes
-----
1. Statistics for the original plan were averaged over 10 executions.

2. Statistics for the SQL profile plan were averaged over 10 executions.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPLAIN PLANS SECTION
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1- Original With Adjusted Cost
------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1838229974

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 26 | 1196 | 796 (1)| 00:00:10 |
|* 1 | HASH JOIN | | 26 | 1196 | 796 (1)| 00:00:10 |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T1 | 26 | 806 | 47 (3)| 00:00:01 |
| 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T2 | 269K| 3952K| 748 (1)| 00:00:09 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
1 - access("T1"."OBJECT_ID"="T2"."OBJECT_ID")
2 - filter("T1"."OBJECT_NAME" LIKE '%T1%' AND "T1"."OBJECT_NAME" IS
NOT NULL)

2- Using SQL Profile
--------------------
Plan hash value: 1022743391

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 26 | 1196 | 49 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | NESTED LOOPS | | | | | |
| 2 | NESTED LOOPS | | 26 | 1196 | 49 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | T1 | 26 | 806 | 47 (3)| 00:00:01 |
|* 4 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | T2_IDX | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 5 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T2 | 1 | 15 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
3 - filter("T1"."OBJECT_NAME" LIKE '%T1%' AND "T1"."OBJECT_NAME" IS NOT
NULL)
4 - access("T1"."OBJECT_ID"="T2"."OBJECT_ID")

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
可以從報告看出，改進確實是很客觀的，提升了90%以上。

來簡單驗證一下，先得accept 一下。
SQL> execute dbms_sqltune.accept_sql_profile(task_name => 'TASK_12352',task_owner => 'N1', replace => TRUE);
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

再來查詢一下，看看是否啟用了profile
SQL> set autot trace exp stat
SQL> select t1.*,t2.owner from t1,t2 where t1.object_name like '%T1%' and t1.object_id=t2.object_id
/
26 rows selected.

Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1022743391
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 26 | 1196 | 49 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | NESTED LOOPS | | | | | |
| 2 | NESTED LOOPS | | 26 | 1196 | 49 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | T1 | 26 | 806 | 47 (3)| 00:00:01 |
|* 4 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | T2_IDX | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 5 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T2 | 1 | 15 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
3 - filter("T1"."OBJECT_NAME" LIKE '%T1%' AND "T1"."OBJECT_NAME" IS NOT
NULL)
4 - access("T1"."OBJECT_ID"="T2"."OBJECT_ID")
Note
-----
- SQL profile "SYS_SQLPROF_01471f52938e0000" used for this statement

Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
34 recursive calls
1 db block gets
338 consistent gets
3 physical reads
196 redo size
1669 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
531 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
1 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
26 rows processed

再來看看如果改動了sql語句，多加了些空格，看看profile還能不能正常啟用。
SQL> select t1.*,t2.owner from t1,t2 where t1.object_name like '%T1%' and t1.object_id= t2.object_id
2 /
26 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.02

Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1022743391
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 26 | 1196 | 49 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | NESTED LOOPS | | | | | |
| 2 | NESTED LOOPS | | 26 | 1196 | 49 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | T1 | 26 | 806 | 47 (3)| 00:00:01 |
|* 4 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | T2_IDX | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 5 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T2 | 1 | 15 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
--------------------------------------------------
3 - filter("T1"."OBJECT_NAME" LIKE '%T1%' AND "T1"."OBJECT_NAME" IS NOT
NULL)
4 - access("T1"."OBJECT_ID"="T2"."OBJECT_ID")

Note
-----
- SQL profile "SYS_SQLPROF_01471f52938e0000" used for this statement

Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
0 recursive calls
0 db block gets
323 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
1669 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
530 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
26 rows processed

可以看到，還是正常啟用了。另外，庫裡的cursor_sharing引數如下。
SQL> show parameter cursor

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cursor_bind_capture_destination string memory+disk
cursor_sharing string EXACT

所以在使用中，對於sql調優來說還是可以嘗試使用sql_profile的，確實提供了不少的知識集。

sql_profile的使用(一)

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