RMAN中常用的命令(一)

1、連線到目標資料庫(不用恢復目錄資料庫)：

Rman nocatalog target sys/change_on_isntall@testdb

Rman catalog rman_user/rman_user@ora9rc target sys/change_on_install@testdb

2、SHOW命令：

顯示rman配置： RMAN> show all;

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3、REPORT命令：

1、RMAN> report schema 報告目標資料庫的物理結構;

2、RMAN>report need backup days=3; 報告最近3天沒有被備份的資料檔案；

3、RMAN> report need backup days 3 tablespace users; 在USERS表空間上3天未備份的資料檔案;

4、RMAN> report need backup incremental 3;

報告恢復資料檔案需要的增量備份個數超過3次的資料檔案;

5、RMAN> report need backup redundancy 2 database; 報告備份檔案低於2份的所有資料檔案;

RMAN>report need backup redundancy=2;

6、RMAN> report need backup recovery window of 6 days;

報告檔案報表的恢復需要超過6天的歸檔日誌的資料檔案;

7、RMAN> report unrecoverable; 報告資料庫所有不可恢復的資料檔案;

8、RMAN> report obsolete redunndancy 2; 報告備份次數超過2次的陳舊備份;

9、RMAN>report obsolete; 報告丟棄的備份；

4、LIST命令：列出備份資訊

1、列出資料檔案備份集

RMAN>list backup 列出詳細備份；

RMAN>list expired backup 列出過期備份;

RMAN> list backup of database; 列出所有資料檔案的備份集；

RMAN> list backup of tablespace user01; 列出特定表空間的所有資料檔案備份集；

2、RMAN> list backup of controlfile 列出控制檔案備份集;

3、RMAN> list backup of archivelog all 列出歸檔日誌備份集詳細資訊;

RMAN>list archivelog all;列出歸檔日誌備份集簡要資訊

4、RMAN> list backup of spfile 列出SPFILE備份集;

5、RMAN> list copy of datafile 5 列出資料檔案映像副本;

6、RMAN> list copy of controlfile 列出控制檔案映像副本;

7、RMAN> list copy of archivelog all 列出歸檔日誌映像副本;

8、RMAN> list incarnation of database 列出對應物/列出資料庫副本;

9、RMAN>list backup summary; 概述可用的備份；

B表示backup

F表示FULL

A表示archive log

0 1表示incremental backup

S說明備份狀態（AAVAILABLEX EXPIRED )

10、RMAN>list backup by file 按備份型別列出備份；

按照資料檔案備份，歸檔日誌備份，控制檔案備份，伺服器引數檔案備份　列出

5、CROSSCHECK命令：校驗備份資訊

1、RMAN> crosscheck backup 核對所有備份集;

2、RMAN> crosscheck backup of database 核對所有資料檔案的備份集;

3、RMAN> crosscheck backup of tablespace users 核對特定表空間的備份集;

4、RMAN> crosscheck backup of datafile 4 核對特定資料檔案的備份集;

5、RMAN> crosscheck backup of controlfile 核對控制檔案的備份集;

6、RMAN> crosscheck backup of spfile 核對SPFILE的備份集;

7、RMAN> crosscheck backup of archivelog sequence 3 核對歸檔日誌的備份集;

8、RMAN> crosscheck copy 核對所有映像副本;

9、RMAN> crosscheck copy of database 核對所有資料檔案的映像副本;

10、RMAN> crosscheck copy of tablespace users 核對特定表空間的映像副本;

11、RMAN> crosscheck copy of datafile 6 核對特定資料檔案的映像副本;

12、RMAN> crosscheck copy of archivelog sequence 4 核對歸檔日誌的映像副本;

13、RMAN> crosscheck copy of controlfile 核對控制檔案的映像副本;

14、RMAN> crosscheck backup tag='SAT_BACKUP';

15、RMAN> crosscheck backup completed after 'sysdate - 2'

16、RMAN> crosscheck backup completed between 'sysdate - 5' and 'sysdate -2 '

17、RMAN> crosscheck backup device type sBT;

18、RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all;

19、RMAN> crosscheck archivelog like '%ARC00012.001'

20、RMAN> crosscheck archivelog from sequence 12;

21、RMAN> crosscheck archivelog until sequence 522;

6、DELETE：刪除備份

1、RMAN> delete obsolete; 刪除陳舊備份；

2、RMAN> delete expired backup; 刪除EXPIRED備份

3、RMAN> delete expired copy; 刪除EXPIRED副本；

4、RMAN> delete backupset 19; 刪除特定備份集；

5、RMAN> delete backuppiece ''d:backupDEMO_19.bak'' 刪除特定備份片;

6、RMAN> delete backup 刪除所有備份集;

7、RMAN> delete datafilecopy ''d:backupDEMO_19.bak'' 刪除特定映像副本;

8、RMAN> delete copy 刪除所有映像副本;

9、RMAN> delete archivelog all delete input;

RMAN> delete backupset 22 format = ''d:backup%u.bak'' delete input

在備份後刪除輸入物件;

10、RMAN> delete backupset id;

7、CHANGE命令： 改變備份集的狀態

1、RMAN> change backupset 22 unavailable 改變備份集狀態;

2、RMAN> change datafilecopy ''d:backupdemo_37.bak'' unavailable 改變映像副本狀態;

3、RMAN> change backupset 156 keep forever logs 使備份集156永久保留;

4、RMAN> change backupset 198 keep until ''sysdate+60'' logs 使備份集198保留60天;

5、RMAN> change backupset 156 nokeep 免除備份集156的保留期限;

6、change backupset 117,118 delete;

7、change backuppiece 1304 delete;

8、change archivelog until logseq =544 delete;

8、CONFIGURE命令

1顯示當前的配置資訊

1.01 RMAN> show all;

1.02查詢RMAN設定中非預設值:

SQL> select name,value from v$rman_configuration;

2.常用的configure選項

2.01儲存策略(retention policy)

configure retention policy to recovery window of 3 days;

configure retention policy to redundancy 3;

configure retention policy clear;

2.02備份最佳化backup optimization

configure backup optimization on;

configure backup optimization off;

configure backup optimization clear;

2.03預設裝置default device type

configure default device type to disk;

configure default device type to stb;

configure default device type clear;

2.04控制檔案controlfile

configure controlfile autobackup on;

configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/cfs01/backup/conf/conf_%F';

configure controlfile autobackup clear;

configrue controlfile autobackup format for device type disk clear;

configrue snapshot controlfile name to '/cfs01/backup/snapcf/scontrofile.snp';

configrue snapshot controlfile name clear;

2.05並行數(通道數) device type disk|stb parallelism n;

configure device type disk|stb parallelism 2;

configure device type disk|stb clear;

configure channel device type disk format 'e/:rmanback_%U';

configure channel device type disk maxpiecesize 100m

configure channel device type disk rate 1200K

configure channel 1 device type disk format 'e/:rmanback_%U';

configure channel 1 device type disk maxpiecesize 100m

2.06生成備份副本datafile|archivelog backup copies

configure datafile backup copies for device type disk|stb to 3;

configure archivelog backup copies for device type disk|stb to 3;

configure datafile|archivelog backup copies for device type disk|stb clear

backup device type disk database

format '/disk1/backup/%U', '/disk2/backup/%U', '/disk3/backup/%U';

2.07排除選項exclude

configure exclude for tablespace 'users';

configrue exclude clear;

2.08備份集大小maxsetsize

configure maxsetsize to 1G|1000M|1000000K|unlimited;

configure maxsetsize clear;

2.09其它選項auxiliary

CONFIGURE AUXNAME FOR DATAFILE 1 TO '/oracle/auxfiles/aux_1.f';

CONFIGURE AUXNAME FOR DATAFILE 2 TO '/oracle/auxfiles/aux_2.f';

CONFIGURE AUXNAME FOR DATAFILE 3 TO '/oracle/auxfiles/aux_3.f';

CONFIGURE AUXNAME FOR DATAFILE 4 TO '/oracle/auxfiles/aux_4.f';

CONFIGURE AUXNAME FOR DATAFILE 1 CLEAR;

源文件 <http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/25176/showart_1329962.html>