【TTS】傳輸表空間Linux asm -> AIX asm
【TTS】傳輸表空間Linux asm -> AIX asm
一.1 BLOG文件結構圖
一.2 前言部分
一.2.1 導讀和注意事項
各位技術愛好者，看完本文後，你可以掌握如下的技能，也可以學到一些其它你所不知道的知識，~O(∩_∩)O~：
① 異構平臺下傳輸表空間的實施
② 傳輸表空間基於表空間的read only和rman2種方式
③ 平臺位元組序、自包含概念
④ expdp/impdp的應用
Tips：
① 若文章程式碼格式有錯亂，推薦使用QQ或360瀏覽器，也可以下載pdf格式的文件來檢視，pdf文件下載地址： （提取碼：ed9b）
② 本篇BLOG中命令的輸出部分需要特別關注的地方我都用灰色背景和粉紅色字型來表示，比如下邊的例子中，thread 1的最大歸檔日誌號為33，thread 2的最大歸檔日誌號為43是需要特別關注的地方；而命令一般使用黃色背景和紅色字型標注；對程式碼或程式碼輸出部分的注釋一般採用藍色字型表示。
List of Archived Logs in backup set 11
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 32 1621589 2015-05-29 11:09:52 1625242 2015-05-29 11:15:48
1 33 1625242 2015-05-29 11:15:48 1625293 2015-05-29 11:15:58
2 42 1613951 2015-05-29 10:41:18 1625245 2015-05-29 11:15:49
2 43 1625245 2015-05-29 11:15:49 1625253 2015-05-29 11:15:53
[ZFXDESKDB1:root]:/>lsvg -o
T_XDESK_APP1_vg
rootvg
[ZFXDESKDB1:root]:/>
00:27:22 SQL> alter tablespace idxtbs read write;
====》2097152*512/1024/1024/1024=1G
本文如有錯誤或不完善的地方請大家多多指正，ITPUB留言或QQ皆可，您的批評指正是我寫作的最大動力。
一.2.2 相關參考文章連結
其他異構平臺遷移的一些文章參考：
【推薦】 oracle 異構平臺遷移之傳輸表空間一例 http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1391913/
【推薦】 oracle 傳輸表空間一例 http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1375260/
【推薦】 利用rman來實現linux平臺資料庫複製到windows平臺資料庫 http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1352436/
【推薦】 直接複製資料檔案實現linux平臺資料庫複製到windows平臺資料庫 http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1352243/
一.3 相關知識點掃盲
可傳輸表空間的特性主要用於進行庫對庫的表空間複製，要進行傳輸的表空間必須置於read-only模式。如果生產庫不允許表空間置為只讀模式，沒關係，方法還是有的，透過RMAN備份也可以建立可傳輸表空間集。要使用可傳輸表空間的特性，oracle至少是8i企業版或更高版本。如果是相同作業系統平臺相互匯入，則8i及以上版本均可支援，但如果是不同作業系統平臺，資料庫版本至少10g。被傳輸的表空間即可以是字典管理，也可以是本地管理。並且自oracle9i開始，被傳輸表空間的block size可以與目標資料庫的block size不同。
可傳輸表空間(還有個集)最大的優勢是其速度比export/import或unload/load要快的多。因為可傳輸表空間主要是複製資料檔案到目標路徑，然後再使用export/import或Data Pump export/import等應用僅匯出/匯入表空間物件的後設資料到新資料庫。
關於可傳輸表空間，還有個集(Transportable Tablespace Sets)的建立，其中都提到了很重要一點，就是被傳輸的表空間在傳輸過程中必須置為 read-only。而在實際操作過程中，對於某些生產資料庫，將表空間置為 read-only 是件非常複雜的事情甚至完全不允許，有了 RMAN 的 Transportable Tablespace，這一切都得以避免。RMAN 透過備份建立可傳輸表空間集，它並不需要存取活動的資料檔案，相應也就不需要將表空間置為 read-only。因此，資料庫可用性得到提升，尤其對於超大的表空間，因為被傳輸的表空間在此期間仍可進行讀寫操作，而且把表空間置為 read-only 模式可能會花費較長時間，
使用 RMAN 建立可傳輸表空間集，允許你在傳輸過程中指定目標恢復時間點或 SCN，這樣傳輸的資料可以更靈活，不必完全複製現有表空間，只要備份中存在，你就可以選擇性的恢復資料。例如，你的備份策略為保留一週，你希望建立的可傳輸表空間中資料是截止本月底最後一天的資料，那麼你在下個月第一週內任何時候都可以進行傳輸操作而不需要考慮這期間生產庫是否會有寫入操作。
一.3.1 注意事項
? 注意：
① source和target database的資料庫版本最好一致，否則會因為db time zone 不一致導致報如下錯誤，但是如果source大於等於target的話是可以的，向下相容的
ORA-39002: invalid operation
ORA-39322: Cannot use transportabletablespace with timestamp with timezone columns and different timezone version.
② source和target端的字符集必須一致，例如如下情況報錯：
source為 ZHS16GBK，target為AL32UTF8
ORA-39123: Data Pump transportable tablespace job aborted
ORA-29345: cannot plug a tablespace into a database using an incompatible character set
Tartget db char set AL32UTF8 is not a superset of ZHS16GBK.
Failed to plug in a tablespace due to incompatible
database character set"AL32UTF8" and
transportable set database character set "ZHS16GBK"
③ source和target database的compatible 引數最好一致，但source如果小於等於target端的話是可以的，例如source為11.2.0.4.0，target為11.2.0.0.0就不行，impdp的時候報錯：
ORA-39123: Data Pump transportable tablespace job aborted
ORA-00721: changes by release 11.2.0.4.0 cannot be used by release 11.2.0.0.0
一.4 實驗部分
一.4.1 實驗環境介紹
| 專案 | source db | target db |
| db 型別 | 單例項 | 單例項 |
| db version | 11.2.0.3 | 11.2.0.4 |
| db 儲存 | ASM | ASM |
| ORACLE_SID | orclasm | ora2lhr |
| db_name | orclasm | ora2lhr |
| 主機IP地址： | 192.168.59.30 | 22.188.194.66 |
| OS版本及kernel版本 | RHEL6.5 64位，2.6.32-504.16.2.el6.x86_64 | AIX 64位 7.1.0.0 |
| OS hostname | rhel6_lhr | ZFXDESKDB2 |
| platform_name | Linux x86 64-bit | AIX-Based Systems (64-bit) |
| db time zone | 14 | 14 |
| 字符集 | ZHS16GBK | ZHS16GBK |
| compatible | 11.2.0.0.0 | 11.2.0.4.0 |
| 歸檔模式 | Archive Mode | Archive Mode |
一.4.2 實驗目標
要實現將自定義的應用程式表空間app1tbs,app2tbs,idxtbs從源平臺傳遞到目標平臺，而在實際的工作過程中，需要將AIX上的資料庫遷移到Linux，或者將Linux上的資料庫遷移到AIX上，除了exp/imp和expdp/impdp外，最常用的就是傳輸表空間了，若是整個庫遷移的話，我們需要做的就是把業務使用者和業務表空間的資料遷移過來就行，Undo、temp、system等等的就不用遷移了，整個處理過程和本文件的處理過程大同小異，需要關注的是業務物件的個數、大小、狀態等。
一.4.3 實驗過程
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
一.5 source端環境準備
一.5.1 在源庫上建立3個使用者應用的表空間
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on 星期日 1月 31 23:34:27 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
連線到:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
23:34:27 SQL> create tablespace app1tbs datafile '+DATA' size 10m;
表空間已建立。
已用時間: 00: 00: 07.60
23:34:42 SQL> create tablespace app2tbs datafile '+DATA' size 10m;
表空間已建立。
已用時間: 00: 00: 27.25
23:35:53 SQL> create tablespace idxtbs datafile '+DATA' size 10m;
表空間已建立。
已用時間: 00: 00: 09.45
23:36:09 SQL> set line 9999 pagesize 9999
23:36:12 SQL> SELECT a.NAME, b.NAME FROM v$tablespace a , v$datafile b WHERE a.TS#=b.TS# ;
NAME NAME
----------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSTEM +DATA/orclasm/datafile/system.256.850260145
SYSAUX +DATA/orclasm/datafile/sysaux.257.850260145
UNDOTBS1 +DATA/orclasm/datafile/undotbs1.258.851526539
USERS +DATA/orclasm/datafile/users.259.850260147
EXAMPLE +DATA/orclasm/datafile/example.265.850260295
APP1TBS +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.268.902619275
APP2TBS +DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.280.902619327
TS_LHR +DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.269.852632495
ENCRYPTED_TS +DATA/orclasm/datafile/encrypted_ts.272.854650889
GOLDENGATE +DATA/orclasm/datafile/goldengate.273.862829891
IDXTBS +DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.281.902619361
TS_LHR +DATA/orclasm/datafile/ts_lhr.284.869738273
USERS +FRA/orclasm/datafile/users.449.880121199
SYSTEM +FRA/orclasm/datafile/system.349.880121287
已選擇14行。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.80
23:36:21 SQL>
一.5.2 在相應的表空間建立表和索引
23:36:21 SQL> create user user_app1 identified by user_app1 default tablespace app1tbs;
使用者已建立。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.14
23:40:13 SQL> create user user_app2 identified by user_app2 default tablespace app1tbs;
使用者已建立。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.35
23:43:51 SQL> create user user_app2 identified by user_app2 default tablespace app2tbs;
使用者已建立。
已用時間: 00: 00: 02.72
23:43:56 SQL> grant connect,resource to user_app1;
授權成功。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.06
23:44:50 SQL> grant connect,resource to user_app2;
授權成功。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.00
23:44:52 SQL> create table user_app1.app1_tab tablespace app1tbs as select * from scott.emp;
表已建立。
已用時間: 00: 00: 01.02
23:45:09 SQL> create table user_app2.app2_tab tablespace app2tbs as select * from scott.dept;
表已建立。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.23
23:45:27 SQL> create index user_app1.idx_emp_ename on user_app1.app1_tab(ename) tablespace idxtbs;
索引已建立。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.25
23:45:51 SQL> create index user_app2.idx_dept_dname on user_app2.app2_tab(dname) tablespace idxtbs;
索引已建立。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.01
23:46:13 SQL>
一.6 判斷平臺支援並確定位元組序
如果傳輸表空間集到不同的平臺，則要確定對於源和目標平臺這種跨平臺表空間被支援，也要確定每個平臺的位元組序，如果平臺具有相同的位元組序，則不需要進行轉化，否則必須做一個表空間集轉化，在源端或目標端。
一.6.1 在源平臺查詢
23:46:13 SQL> col platform_name for a40
23:48:55 SQL> select d.platform_name,tp.endian_format from v$transportable_platform tp,v$database d where tp.platform_name=d.platform_name;
PLATFORM_NAME ENDIAN_FORMAT
---------------------------------------- --------------
Linux x86 64-bit Little
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.19
23:49:13 SQL>
結論：當前的系統平臺支援跨平臺表空間傳輸（因為上面的查詢有記錄返回）
一.6.2 在目標平臺查詢
[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>ORACLE_SID=ora2lhr
[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Feb 1 13:47:14 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@ora2lhr> col platform_name for a40
SYS@ora2lhr> select d.platform_name,tp.endian_format from v$transportable_platform tp,v$database d where tp.platform_name=d.platform_name;
PLATFORM_NAME ENDIAN_FORMAT
---------------------------------------- ----------------------------
AIX-Based Systems (64-bit) Big
結論： 當前的AIX平臺支援跨平臺的表空間傳輸
源平臺和目標平臺的Endian_format 不同，source端為Little，target端為Big，所以需要進行表空間集轉換，前邊說過在源端或目標端都可以進行轉換，這裡我們選擇在目標端來進行轉換。
一.7 選擇自包含的表空間集
一.7.1 進行檢查
Indicates whether a full or partial dependency check is required. If TRUE, treats all IN and OUT pointers(dependencies) and captures them as violations if they are not self-contained in the transportable set.
先試試要傳輸app1tbs和idxtbs這2個表空間：
SQL> execute dbms_tts.transport_set_check('app1tbs,idxtbs',true);
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
一.7.2 檢視檢查結果
SQL> col violations for a70
23:50:53 SQL> select * from transport_set_violations;
VIOLATIONS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORA-39907: 索引 USER_APP2.IDX_DEPT_DNAME (在表空間 IDXTBS 中) 指向表 USER_APP2.APP2_TAB (在表空間 APP2TBS 中)。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.18
23:51:14 SQL>
結論： 在idxtbs表空間中IDX_DEPT_DNAME索引指向了表空間集外的USER_APP2.APP2_TAB表，所以這裡選擇app1tabs,app2tabs,idxtbs作為新的表空間集再次進行檢查
23:51:14 SQL> execute dbms_tts.transport_set_check('app1tbs,app2tbs,idxtbs',true);
PL/SQL 過程已成功完成。
已用時間: 00: 00: 07.24
23:52:14 SQL> select * from transport_set_violations;
未選定行
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.00
23:52:54 SQL>
結論： 此時這個表空間集已經不再違背自包含的條件，可以確定為一個可傳輸表空間集。在實際生產環境中也是如此檢查的，若是全庫遷移，得把需要遷移的表空間修改為自包含的。
一.8 產生可傳輸表空間集
一.8.1 使自包含的表空間集中的所有表空間變為只讀狀態
23:52:54 SQL> alter tablespace app1tbs read only;
表空間已更改。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.36
23:54:31 SQL> alter tablespace app2tbs read only;
表空間已更改。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.15
23:54:42 SQL> alter tablespace idxtbs read only;
表空間已更改。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.14
23:54:48 SQL>
一.8.2 使用資料泵匯出工具，匯出要傳輸的各個表空間的後設資料
一.8.2.1 確定匯出目錄
23:55:51 SQL> set line 9999
23:56:07 SQL> col directory_name for a28
23:56:07 SQL> col directory_path for a100
23:56:07 SQL> select directory_name,directory_path from dba_directories;
DIRECTORY_NAME DIRECTORY_PATH
---------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OSDESC /home/oracle/
ASMSRC +DATA/orclasm/datafile/
DIR_ALERT /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orclasm/orclasm/trace
SCHEDULER$_WALLET_DIR /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/scheduler/wallet
TMP_HF_DIR +DATA/orclasm/datafile/
FY_DATA_DIR /tmp
REPDIR /oradata06/repdir
DIR_ALERT_CHECKHELTH_LHR_1 /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orclasm/orclasm/trace
SUBDIR /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/demo/schema/order_entry//2002/Sep
SS_OE_XMLDIR /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/demo/schema/order_entry/
LOG_FILE_DIR /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/demo/schema/log/
MEDIA_DIR /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/demo/schema/product_media/
XMLDIR /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/xml
DATA_FILE_DIR /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/demo/schema/sales_history/
DATA_PUMP_DIR /u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/
ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/ccr/state
已選擇16行。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.01
23:56:08 SQL>
一.8.2.2 開始匯出
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ env | grep ORACLE
ORACLE_SID=orclasm
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ expdp \'/ as sysdba\' dumpfile=expdat_20160131.dmp directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR transport_tablespaces=app1tbs,app2tbs,idxtbs transport_full_check=y logfile=tts_export_20160131.log
Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 星期一 2月 1 00:03:39 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
連線到: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
啟動 "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01": "/******** AS SYSDBA" dumpfile=expdat_20160131.dmp directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR transport_tablespaces=app1tbs,app2tbs,idxtbs transport_full_check=y logfile=tts_export_20160131.log
處理物件型別 TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
處理物件型別 TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
處理物件型別 TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX/INDEX
處理物件型別 TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX_STATISTICS
處理物件型別 TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
已成功載入/解除安裝了主表 "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01"
******************************************************************************
SYS.SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01 的轉儲檔案集為:
/u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/expdat_20160131.dmp
******************************************************************************
可傳輸表空間 APP1TBS 所需的資料檔案:
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/app1tbs.268.902619275
可傳輸表空間 APP2TBS 所需的資料檔案:
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/app2tbs.280.902619327
可傳輸表空間 IDXTBS 所需的資料檔案:
+DATA/orclasm/datafile/idxtbs.281.902619361
作業 "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" 已於 00:07:22 成功完成
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$
檢視檔案：
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/
[oracle@rhel6_lhr dpdump]$ ll
total 13536
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 110592 Feb 1 00:07 expdat_20160131.dmp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle asmadmin 1450 Feb 1 00:07 tts_export_20160131.log
[oracle@rhel6_lhr dpdump]$
告警日誌可以看到：
Sun Dec 21 17:48:50 2014
DM00 started with pid=45, OS id=13188, job SYSTEM.SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01
Sun Dec 21 17:48:56 2014
DW00 started with pid=46, OS id=13190, wid=1, job SYSTEM.SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01
Sun Dec 21 17:49:15 2014
XDB installed.
XDB initialized.
一.8.3 生成資料檔案
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# su - grid
[grid@rhel6_lhr ~]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> cd +DATA/orclasm/datafile/
ASMCMD> ls
APP1TBS.274.866911939
APP2TBS.275.866912075
ENCRYPTED_TS.272.854650889
EXAMPLE.265.850260295
GOLDENGATE.273.862829891
IDXTBS.276.866912133
SYSAUX.257.850260145
SYSTEM.256.850260145
TBS_RC.268.852116523
TS_LHR.269.852632495
UNDOTBS1.258.851526539
UNDOTBS2.267.851204361
USERS.259.850260147
example.265.850260295_bk
ASMCMD> cp APP1TBS.274.866911939 /u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump
copying +DATA/orclasm/datafile/APP1TBS.274.866911939 -> /u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/APP1TBS.274.866911939
ASMCMD-8016: copy source->'+DATA/orclasm/datafile/APP1TBS.274.866911939' and target->'/u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/APP1TBS.274.866911939' failed
ORA-19505: failed to identify file "/u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/APP1TBS.274.866911939"
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 1
ORA-15120: ASM file name '/u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/APP1TBS.274.866911939' does not begin with the ASM prefix character
ORA-06512: at "SYS.X$DBMS_DISKGROUP", line 413
ORA-06512: at line 3 (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute)
無許可權，暫時複製到grid目錄下：
ASMCMD> cp APP1TBS.274.866911939 /home/grid
copying +DATA/orclasm/datafile/APP1TBS.274.866911939 -> /home/grid/APP1TBS.274.866911939
ASMCMD> cp APP2TBS.275.866912075 /home/grid
copying +DATA/orclasm/datafile/APP2TBS.275.866912075 -> /home/grid/APP2TBS.275.866912075
ASMCMD> cp IDXTBS.276.866912133 /home/grid
copying +DATA/orclasm/datafile/IDXTBS.276.866912133 -> /home/grid/IDXTBS.276.866912133
ASMCMD>
[grid@rhel6_lhr ~]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> cd +DATA/orclasm/datafile/
ASMCMD> ls
APP1TBS.268.902619275
APP2TBS.280.902619327
ENCRYPTED_TS.272.854650889
EXAMPLE.265.850260295
GOLDENGATE.273.862829891
IDXTBS.281.902619361
SYSAUX.257.850260145
SYSTEM.256.850260145
TS_LHR.269.852632495
TS_LHR.284.869738273
UNDOTBS1.258.851526539
USERS.259.850260147
example.265.850260295_bk
ASMCMD> rm -rf example.265.850260295_bk
ASMCMD> ls
APP1TBS.268.902619275
APP2TBS.280.902619327
ENCRYPTED_TS.272.854650889
EXAMPLE.265.850260295
GOLDENGATE.273.862829891
IDXTBS.281.902619361
SYSAUX.257.850260145
SYSTEM.256.850260145
TS_LHR.269.852632495
TS_LHR.284.869738273
UNDOTBS1.258.851526539
USERS.259.850260147
ASMCMD> cp APP1TBS.268.902619275 /u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump
copying +DATA/orclasm/datafile/APP1TBS.268.902619275 -> /u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/APP1TBS.268.902619275
ASMCMD-8016: copy source->'+DATA/orclasm/datafile/APP1TBS.268.902619275' and target->'/u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/APP1TBS.268.902619275' failed
ORA-19505: failed to identify file "/u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/APP1TBS.268.902619275"
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 1
ORA-15120: ASM file name '/u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/APP1TBS.268.902619275' does not begin with the ASM prefix character
ORA-06512: at "SYS.X$DBMS_DISKGROUP", line 413
ORA-06512: at line 3 (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute)
ASMCMD> cp APP1TBS.268.902619275 /home/grid
copying +DATA/orclasm/datafile/APP1TBS.268.902619275 -> /home/grid/APP1TBS.268.902619275
ASMCMD> cp APP2TBS.280.902619327 /home/grid
copying +DATA/orclasm/datafile/APP2TBS.280.902619327 -> /home/grid/APP2TBS.280.902619327
ASMCMD> cp IDXTBS.281.902619361 /home/grid
copying +DATA/orclasm/datafile/IDXTBS.281.902619361 -> /home/grid/IDXTBS.281.902619361
ASMCMD>
然後利用root使用者將資料檔案和expdp出來的源資料再複製到同一個目錄下：
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# ll /home/grid
total 209832
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 316 Jan 5 2015 aa.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 grid oinstall 244 Jun 23 2014 a.ora
-rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 10493952 Feb 1 00:22 APP1TBS.268.902619275
-rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 52436992 Dec 21 2014 APP1TBS.274.866911939
-rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 52436992 Dec 21 2014 APP2TBS.275.866912075
-rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 10493952 Feb 1 00:22 APP2TBS.280.902619327
-rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 52436992 Dec 21 2014 IDXTBS.276.866912133
-rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 10493952 Feb 1 00:22 IDXTBS.281.902619361
drwxr-xr-x. 3 grid oinstall 4096 Jun 14 2014 oradiag_grid
-rw-r-----. 1 grid oinstall 3584 Jul 1 2014 spfileorclasm.ora
-rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 2105344 Jan 13 2015 testdg.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 grid oinstall 23950848 Dec 24 2014 thread_1_seq_754.333.865158557
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# cp /home/grid/APP1TBS.268.902619275 /u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# cp /home/grid/APP2TBS.280.902619327 /u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# cp /home/grid/IDXTBS.281.902619361 /u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]#
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# ll /u01/app/oracle/admin/orclasm/dpdump/
total 40540
-rw-r----- 1 root root 10493952 Feb 1 00:28 APP1TBS.268.902619275
-rw-r----- 1 root root 10493952 Feb 1 00:28 APP2TBS.280.902619327
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 110592 Feb 1 00:07 expdat_20160131.dmp
-rw-r----- 1 root root 10493952 Feb 1 00:28 IDXTBS.281.902619361
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle asmadmin 1450 Feb 1 00:07 tts_export_20160131.log
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]#
一.9 還原源庫中的表空間為讀/寫模式
[oracle@rhel6_lhr dpdump]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on 星期一 2月 1 00:27:13 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
連線到:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
00:27:13 SQL> alter tablespace app1tbs read write;
表空間已更改。
已用時間: 00: 00: 01.19
00:27:16 SQL> alter tablespace app2tbs read write;
表空間已更改。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.11
00:27:22 SQL> alter tablespace idxtbs read write;
表空間已更改。
已用時間: 00: 00: 00.17
00:27:31 SQL> exit
從 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options 斷開
[oracle@rhel6_lhr dpdump]$
一.10 傳輸資料檔案和後設資料到target端
這裡需要傳輸轉儲元檔案和資料檔案到目標庫
一.10.1 傳輸轉儲元檔案到目標庫
一.10.2 檢視目標庫資料檔案位置和目錄
[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>ORACLE_SID=ora2lhr
[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Feb 1 14:53:49 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@ora2lhr> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/system.335.902674033
+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/sysaux.336.902674033
+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/undotbs1.337.902674033
+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/users.338.902674033
+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/example.348.902674109
SYS@ora2lhr> set line 9999
SYS@ora2lhr> col directory_name for a28
SYS@ora2lhr> col directory_path for a100
SYS@ora2lhr> select directory_name,directory_path from dba_directories;
DIRECTORY_NAME DIRECTORY_PATH
---------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBDIR /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/demo/schema/order_entry//2002/Sep
SS_OE_XMLDIR /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/demo/schema/order_entry/
LOG_FILE_DIR /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/demo/schema/log/
MEDIA_DIR /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/demo/schema/product_media/
DATA_FILE_DIR /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/demo/schema/sales_history/
XMLDIR /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/rdbms/xml
ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/ccr/state
DATA_PUMP_DIR /oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump/
ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR2 /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/ccr/state
9 rows selected.
SYS@ora2lhr>
SYS@ora2lhr>
一.10.3 複製檔案到目標庫相應位置並修改許可權
將表空間檔案和後設資料檔案複製到/oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump/ 下，如下：
[ZFXDESKDB2:root]:/>cd /oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump
[ZFXDESKDB2:root]:/oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump>l
total 123424
-rw-r----- 1 root system 10493952 Feb 01 00:28 APP1TBS.268.902619275
-rw-r----- 1 root system 10493952 Feb 01 00:28 APP2TBS.280.902619327
-rw-r----- 1 root system 10493952 Feb 01 00:28 IDXTBS.281.902619361
-rw-r----- 1 root system 10493952 Feb 01 01:02 IDXTBS.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 root system 10493952 Feb 01 01:01 app1tbs.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 root system 10493952 Feb 01 01:01 app2tbs.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 root system 110592 Feb 01 00:07 expdat_20160131.dmp
-rw-r----- 1 root system 110592 Feb 01 00:58 expdat_20160131_2.dmp
-rw-r----- 1 root system 1452 Feb 01 00:58 expdat_20160131_2.log
-rw-r----- 1 root system 1450 Feb 01 00:07 tts_export_20160131.log
[ZFXDESKDB2:root]:/oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump>chown oracle:dba ./*
[ZFXDESKDB2:root]:/oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump>l
total 123424
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 10493952 Feb 01 00:28 APP1TBS.268.902619275
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 10493952 Feb 01 00:28 APP2TBS.280.902619327
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 10493952 Feb 01 00:28 IDXTBS.281.902619361
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 10493952 Feb 01 01:02 IDXTBS.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 10493952 Feb 01 01:01 app1tbs.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 10493952 Feb 01 01:01 app2tbs.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 110592 Feb 01 00:07 expdat_20160131.dmp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 110592 Feb 01 00:58 expdat_20160131_2.dmp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 1452 Feb 01 00:58 expdat_20160131_2.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 1450 Feb 01 00:07 tts_export_20160131.log
一.11 target端轉換位元組序
[ZFXDESKDB2:root]:/oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump>su - oracle
[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>ORACLE_SID=ora2lhr
[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Feb 1 14:58:54 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA2LHR (DBID=4055514164)
RMAN>
RMAN> CONVERT DATAFILE
2> "/oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump/APP1TBS.268.902619275",
3> "/oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump/APP2TBS.280.902619327",
4> "/oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump/IDXTBS.281.902619361"
5> TO PLATFORM="AIX-Based Systems (64-bit)"
6> FROM PLATFORM="Linux x86 64-bit"
7> FORMAT '+DATA';
Starting conversion at target at 2016-02-01 15:00:07
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=222 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile conversion
input file name=/oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump/APP1TBS.268.902619275
converted datafile=+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/app1tbs.350.902674809
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile conversion complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile conversion
input file name=/oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump/APP2TBS.280.902619327
converted datafile=+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/app2tbs.351.902674809
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile conversion complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile conversion
input file name=/oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump/IDXTBS.281.902619361
converted datafile=+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/idxtbs.352.902674811
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile conversion complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished conversion at target at 2016-02-01 15:00:11
RMAN>
[ZFXDESKDB2:root]:/oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump>
[ZFXDESKDB2:root]:/oracle/app/oracle/admin/ora2lhr/dpdump>su - grid
[ZFXDESKDB2:grid]:/home/grid>asmcmd
ASMCMD> cd +DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/
ASMCMD> ls
APP1TBS.350.902674809
APP2TBS.351.902674809
EXAMPLE.348.902674109
IDXTBS.352.902674811
SYSAUX.336.902674033
SYSTEM.335.902674033
UNDOTBS1.337.902674033
USERS.338.902674033
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name
DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE FEB 01 15:00:00 Y APP1TBS.350.902674809
DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE FEB 01 15:00:00 Y APP2TBS.351.902674809
DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE FEB 01 14:00:00 Y EXAMPLE.348.902674109
DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE FEB 01 15:00:00 Y IDXTBS.352.902674811
DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE FEB 01 14:00:00 Y SYSAUX.336.902674033
DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE FEB 01 14:00:00 Y SYSTEM.335.902674033
DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE FEB 01 14:00:00 Y UNDOTBS1.337.902674033
DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE FEB 01 14:00:00 Y USERS.338.902674033
ASMCMD>
一.12 開始匯入
一.12.1 建立source庫的2個使用者並賦許可權
如果不建立使用者會報如下的錯誤：
ORA-39123: Data Pump transportable tablespace job aborted
ORA-29342: user USER_APP1 does not exist in the database
[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Feb 1 15:07:32 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@ora2lhr> create user user_app1 identified by user_app1;
User created.
SYS@ora2lhr> create user user_app2 identified by user_app2;
User created.
SYS@ora2lhr> grant connect , resource to user_app1;
Grant succeeded.
SYS@ora2lhr> grant connect , resource to user_app2;
Grant succeeded.
SYS@ora2lhr> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>
一.12.2 開始匯入
[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>impdp \'/ as sysdba \' DUMPFILE=expdat_20160131.dmp DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR TRANSPORT_DATAFILES='+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/APP1TBS.350.902674809','+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/app2tbs.351.902674809','+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/idxtbs.352.902674811' LOGFILE=impdp_tts_20160131.log
Import: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Feb 1 15:08:24 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Master table "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01": "/******** AS SYSDBA" DUMPFILE=expdat_20160131.dmp DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR TRANSPORT_DATAFILES=+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/APP1TBS.350.902674809,+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/app2tbs.351.902674809,+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/idxtbs.352.902674811 LOGFILE=impdp_tts_20160131.log
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
Job "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfully completed at Mon Feb 1 15:08:32 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:06
[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>
日誌：
Plug in tablespace APP1TBS with datafile
'+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/APP1TBS.350.902674809'
Plug in tablespace APP2TBS with datafile
'+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/app2tbs.351.902674809'
Plug in tablespace IDXTBS with datafile
'+DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/idxtbs.352.902674811'
一.12.3 檢視目標平臺資訊
SYS@ora2lhr> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
SYSTEM ONLINE
SYSAUX ONLINE
UNDOTBS1 ONLINE
TEMP ONLINE
USERS ONLINE
EXAMPLE ONLINE
APP1TBS READ ONLY
APP2TBS READ ONLY
IDXTBS READ ONLY
9 rows selected.
SYS@ora2lhr> alter tablespace APP1TBS read write;
Tablespace altered.
SYS@ora2lhr> alter tablespace APP2TBS read write;
Tablespace altered.
SYS@ora2lhr> alter tablespace IDXTBS read write;
Tablespace altered.
SYS@ora2lhr> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
SYSTEM ONLINE
SYSAUX ONLINE
UNDOTBS1 ONLINE
TEMP ONLINE
USERS ONLINE
EXAMPLE ONLINE
APP1TBS ONLINE
APP2TBS ONLINE
IDXTBS ONLINE
9 rows selected.
SYS@ora2lhr>
SYS@ora2lhr> SELECT d.username,d.default_tablespace FROM dba_users d where d.username like 'USER_%' ;
USERNAME DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
------------------------------ ------------------------------
USER_APP2 USERS
USER_APP1 USERS
SYS@ora2lhr> alter user user_app1 default tablespace app1tbs;
User altered.
SYS@ora2lhr> alter user user_app2 default tablespace app2tbs;
User altered.
SYS@ora2lhr> SELECT d.username,d.default_tablespace FROM dba_users d where d.username like 'USER_%' ;
USERNAME DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
------------------------------ ------------------------------
USER_APP2 APP2TBS
USER_APP1 APP1TBS
SYS@ora2lhr>
一.13 檢視匯入後結果
SYS@ora2lhr> set line 9999 pagesize 9999
SYS@ora2lhr> select * from user_app1.app1_tab;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 1980-12-17 00:00:00 800 20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 1981-02-20 00:00:00 1600 300 30
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 1981-02-22 00:00:00 1250 500 30
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 1981-04-02 00:00:00 2975 20
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 1981-09-28 00:00:00 1250 1400 30
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 1981-05-01 00:00:00 2850 30
7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 1981-06-09 00:00:00 2450 10
7839 KING PRESIDENT 1981-11-17 00:00:00 5000 10
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 1981-09-08 00:00:00 1500 0 30
7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 1981-12-03 00:00:00 950 30
7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 1981-12-03 00:00:00 3000 20
7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 1982-01-23 00:00:00 1300 10
12 rows selected.
SYS@ora2lhr> select * from user_app2.app2_tab;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
SYS@ora2lhr> select D.owner,D.index_name,D.table_name,D.tablespace_name from dba_indexes d WHERE d.table_name in ('APP1_TAB','APP2_TAB');
OWNER INDEX_NAME TABLE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
USER_APP2 IDX_DEPT_DNAME APP2_TAB IDXTBS
USER_APP1 IDX_EMP_ENAME APP1_TAB IDXTBS
SYS@ora2lhr> SELECT a.NAME, b.NAME FROM v$tablespace a , v$datafile b WHERE a.TS#=b.TS# ;
NAME NAME
------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSTEM +DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/system.335.902674033
SYSAUX +DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/sysaux.336.902674033
UNDOTBS1 +DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/undotbs1.337.902674033
USERS +DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/users.338.902674033
EXAMPLE +DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/example.348.902674109
APP1TBS +DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/app1tbs.350.902674809
APP2TBS +DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/app2tbs.351.902674809
IDXTBS +DATA/ora2lhr/datafile/idxtbs.352.902674811
8 rows selected.
SYS@ora2lhr>
至此說明3個表空間已經完全由Linux平臺遷移到AIX平臺上。
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
一.14 總結
到此所有的處理算是基本完畢，過程很簡單，但是不同的場景處理方式有很多種，我們應該學會靈活變通。
一.15 About Me
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
本文作者：小麥苗，只專注於資料庫的技術，更注重技術的運用
ITPUB BLOG：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162
本文地址：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1987949/
本文pdf版： （提取碼：ed9b）
QQ：642808185 若加QQ請註明您所正在讀的文章標題
於 2016-01-26 10:00~ 2016-02-06 19:00 在中行完成
<版權所有，文章允許轉載，但須以連結方式註明源地址，否則追究法律責任!>
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