【RMAN】利用備份片還原資料庫
【RMAN】利用備份片還原資料庫
BLOG文件結構圖
群裡有同學說把ORACLE_BASE目錄刪掉了，現在只有備份片和歸檔檔案了，試問如何恢復。坑，，，，咋能這麼幹，ORACLE_BASE都敢刪，，試著恢復了下，並且記錄下來，當然軟體安裝部分就不記錄了。
我再說說目前的情況，只有備份片和歸檔檔案，且從檔名稱是看不出dbname和dbid的，在這種情況下其實恢復控制檔案是很重要的了，但是鬼知道備份片裡邊是不是有控制檔案的備份呢？我們可能碰到的就是這樣的情況，只有備份檔案，其它的什麼都不知道。我們且看這樣的情況下如何恢復呢？
演示環境：
OS: RHEL 6.5
DB: 11.2.0.3.0
1.1 原庫備份並傳輸到測試庫
原庫情況：
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ora11g]$ ORACLE_SID=ora11g
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ora11g]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 30 15:36:11 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
15:36:19 SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 409194496 bytes
Fixed Size 2228864 bytes
Variable Size 281021824 bytes
Database Buffers 117440512 bytes
Redo Buffers 8503296 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
15:37:20 SQL>
15:37:50 SQL>
15:37:50 SQL> show parameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string ora11g
db_unique_name string ora11g
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string ora11g
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
processor_group_name string
service_names string ora11g
15:47:37 SQL> col FILE_NAME format a50
15:47:47 SQL> select FILE_NAME,FILE_ID,a.TABLESPACE_NAME, b.status ts_status ,BYTES from dba_data_files a,dba_tablespaces b where a.TABLESPACE_NAME=b.TABLESPACE_NAME;
FILE_NAME FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME TS_STATUS BYTES
-------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ --------- ----------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf 4 USERS ONLINE 5242880
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf 3 UNDOTBS1 ONLINE 99614720
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf 2 SYSAUX ONLINE 545259520
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf 1 SYSTEM ONLINE 744488960
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf 5 EXAMPLE READ ONLY 328335360
15:47:48 SQL> create table lhr.test as select * from dba_objects;
Table created.
15:47:49 SQL> select count(1) from lhr.test;
COUNT(1)
----------
75204
15:47:50 SQL>
執行備份，當然生產庫上不能這麼簡單的備份：
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ ORACLE_SID=ora11g
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ ps -ef|grep ora_
oracle 3282 2997 0 15:36 pts/2 00:00:00 grep ora_
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ ps -ef|grep ora_
oracle 3286 2997 0 15:36 pts/2 00:00:00 grep ora_
[oracle@rhel6_lhr ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Apr 30 15:36:52 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4270446895)
RMAN> show all;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORA11G are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_ora11g.f'; # default
RMAN> list backupset;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
specification does not match any backup in the repository
RMAN> backup database plus archivelog delete input;
Starting backup at 2015-04-30 16:00:45
current log archived
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=6 RECID=1 STAMP=878399828
input archived log thread=1 sequence=7 RECID=2 STAMP=878399829
input archived log thread=1 sequence=8 RECID=3 STAMP=878400047
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015-04-30 16:00:48
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015-04-30 16:00:49
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp tag=TAG20150430T160048 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2015_04_30/o1_mf_1_6_bn3r2mo1_.arc RECID=1 STAMP=878399828
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2015_04_30/o1_mf_1_7_bn3r2nz5_.arc RECID=2 STAMP=878399829
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2015_04_30/o1_mf_1_8_bn3r9hrl_.arc RECID=3 STAMP=878400047
Finished backup at 2015-04-30 16:00:49
Starting backup at 2015-04-30 16:00:49
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015-04-30 16:00:49
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015-04-30 16:02:34
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp tag=TAG20150430T160049 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:45
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015-04-30 16:02:37
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015-04-30 16:02:39
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp tag=TAG20150430T160049 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 2015-04-30 16:02:39
Starting backup at 2015-04-30 16:02:39
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=9 RECID=4 STAMP=878400159
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015-04-30 16:02:39
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015-04-30 16:02:40
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp tag=TAG20150430T160239 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2015_04_30/o1_mf_1_9_bn3rdz8k_.arc RECID=4 STAMP=878400159
Finished backup at 2015-04-30 16:02:40
RMAN>
RMAN>
RMAN> list backupset;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1 11.61M DISK 00:00:00 2015-04-30 16:00:48
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150430T160048
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 1
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 6 1087169 2015-03-13 14:24:40 1094093 2015-04-30 15:57:07
1 7 1094093 2015-04-30 15:57:07 1094096 2015-04-30 15:57:08
1 8 1094096 2015-04-30 15:57:08 1094204 2015-04-30 16:00:47
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
2 Full 1.13G DISK 00:01:43 2015-04-30 16:02:32
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150430T160049
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
1 Full 1094214 2015-04-30 16:00:49 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
2 Full 1094214 2015-04-30 16:00:49 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1094214 2015-04-30 16:00:49 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1094214 2015-04-30 16:00:49 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
5 Full 1092435 2015-04-30 15:42:04 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
3 Full 9.36M DISK 00:00:04 2015-04-30 16:02:38
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150430T160049
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 2015-04-30 15:56:17
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORA11G
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1094280 Ckp time: 2015-04-30 16:02:34
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
4 19.00K DISK 00:00:00 2015-04-30 16:02:39
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150430T160239
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 4
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 9 1094204 2015-04-30 16:00:47 1094286 2015-04-30 16:02:39
RMAN>
[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# cd /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/
[root@rhel6_lhr 2015_04_30]# ll -h
total 1.2G
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 12M Apr 30 16:00 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 20K Apr 30 16:02 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 9.4M Apr 30 16:02 o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 1.2G Apr 30 16:02 o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp
[root@rhel6_lhr 2015_04_30]# cd ..
[root@rhel6_lhr backupset]# ll
total 4
drwxr-x--- 2 oracle asmadmin 4096 Apr 30 16:02 2015_04_30
[root@rhel6_lhr backupset]# scp 2015_04_30 oracle@192.168.59.157:/tmp
The authenticity of host '192.168.59.157 (192.168.59.157)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 77:e6:11:1a:7c:c7:81:7c:88:c9:21:18:51:2a:84:d1.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.59.157' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
oracle@192.168.59.157's password:
2015_04_30: not a regular file
[root@rhel6_lhr backupset]# scp -r 2015_04_30/ oracle@192.168.59.157:/tmp
oracle@192.168.59.157's password:
o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp 100% 12MB 11.6MB/s 00:00
o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp 100% 1157MB 77.1MB/s 00:15
o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp 100% 9600KB 9.4MB/s 00:00
o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp 100% 20KB 19.5KB/s 00:00
[root@rhel6_lhr backupset]#
1.2 測試庫編輯pfile檔案
11g只寫db_name即可，控制檔案可以寫上，免得後邊又回來修改。
[oracle@testdb dbs]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
[oracle@testdb dbs]$ more initora11g.ora
db_name=ora11g
control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ora11g/control02.ctl'
[oracle@testdb dbs]$
1.3 找回控制檔案--備份集中含有控制檔案
重點來了：
由於沒有控制檔案，所以首先只能啟動資料庫到nomount狀態
[oracle@testdb dbs]$ ORACLE_SID=ora11g
[oracle@testdb dbs]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Apr 30 16:16:53 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
RMAN> startup nomount;
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 250560512 bytes
Fixed Size 2227256 bytes
Variable Size 192938952 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5062656 bytes
RMAN>
首先我們要判斷一下備份集中是否含有控制檔案的備份，如果有我們可以直接還原，如果沒有那就只有建立控制檔案了，那麼如何判斷備份集中是否含有控制檔案的備份呢？這裡提供幾種辦法：① 推薦： 採用dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo從備份片中來嘗試找回控制檔案 ② 嘗試採用建立臨時庫來找回控制檔案 ③ 其它第三方工具來解析備份集
1.3.1 方法一：採用dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo從備份片中來嘗試找回控制檔案
在Oracle 816 以後的版本中,Oracle提供了一個包:DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE. DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE 包是由dbmsbkrs.sql 和 prvtbkrs.plb 這兩個指令碼建立的.catproc.sql 指令碼執行後會呼叫這兩個包.所以是每個資料庫都有的這個包是Oracle伺服器和作業系統之間IO操作的介面.由恢復管理器直接呼叫。由此可見，我們可以在資料庫nomount 情況下呼叫這些package ,來達到我們的恢復目的。
從前邊的備份中我們知道control檔案和spfile其實是在備份片：o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp中，但是這裡我們假裝不知道位置，然後挨個嘗試一下：
[oracle@testdb dbs]$ ORACLE_SID=ora11g
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ cd /tmp/2015_04_30/
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ ll
total 1206296
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 12173312 Apr 30 16:06 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 19968 Apr 30 16:06 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9830400 Apr 30 16:06 o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1213218816 Apr 30 16:06 o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 30 16:56:34 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> DECLARE
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 BEGIN
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp', params=>null);
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
10 END;
11 /
DECLARE
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-19624: operation failed, retry possible
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece
/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
ORA-19626: backup set type is archived log - can not be processed by this
conversation
ORA-06512: at "SYS.X$DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE", line 5827
ORA-06512: at line 8
SQL> DECLARE
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 BEGIN
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp', params=>null);
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
10 END;
11 /
DECLARE
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-19568: a device is already allocated to this session
ORA-06512: at "SYS.X$DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE", line 235
ORA-06512: at "SYS.X$DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE", line 210
ORA-06512: at line 5
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 30 16:57:08 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> DECLARE
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 BEGIN
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp', params=>null);
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
10 END;
11 /
DECLARE
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-19624: operation failed, retry possible
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece
/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp
ORA-19626: backup set type is archived log - can not be processed by this
conversation
ORA-06512: at "SYS.X$DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE", line 5827
ORA-06512: at line 8
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 30 16:57:33 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> DECLARE
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 BEGIN
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp', params=>null);
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
10 END;
11 /
DECLARE
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-19697: standby control file not found in backup set
ORA-06512: at "SYS.X$DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE", line 5827
ORA-06512: at line 8
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 30 16:57:46 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> DECLARE
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 BEGIN
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp', params=>null);
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
10 END;
11 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
當合適的情況下，我們發現恢復了控制檔案了，接下來就是啟動資料庫到mount狀態了。
小插曲： 在同一個會話裡執行會報錯： ORA-19590: conversation already active，所以我整理了一下指令碼，如下，可以直接執行：
DECLARE
devtype varchar2(256);
done boolean;
BEGIN
devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp', params=>null);
sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
END;
/
conn / as sysdba
DECLARE
devtype varchar2(256);
done boolean;
BEGIN
devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp', params=>null);
sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
END;
/
conn / as sysdba
DECLARE
devtype varchar2(256);
done boolean;
BEGIN
devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp', params=>null);
sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
END;
/
conn / as sysdba
DECLARE
devtype varchar2(256);
done boolean;
BEGIN
devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp', params=>null);
sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
END;
/
執行過程：
[oracle@testdb ora11g]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 30 19:13:05 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> DECLARE
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 BEGIN
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp', params=>null);
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
10 END;
11 /
DECLARE
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-19624: operation failed, retry possible
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece
/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
ORA-19626: backup set type is archived log - can not be processed by this
conversation
ORA-06512: at "SYS.X$DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE", line 5827
ORA-06512: at line 8
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> SQL> DECLARE
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 BEGIN
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp', params=>null);
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
10 END;
11 /
DECLARE
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-19624: operation failed, retry possible
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece
/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp
ORA-19626: backup set type is archived log - can not be processed by this
conversation
ORA-06512: at "SYS.X$DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE", line 5827
ORA-06512: at line 8
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> SQL> DECLARE
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 BEGIN
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp', params=>null);
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
10 END;
11 /
conn / as sysdba
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
DECLARE
devtype varchar2(256);
done boolean;
BEGIN
Connected.
SQL> SQL> 2 3 4 5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp', params=>null);
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
10 END;
11 /
DECLARE
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-19697: standby control file not found in backup set
ORA-06512: at "SYS.X$DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE", line 5827
ORA-06512: at line 8
SQL>
控制檔案恢復了，接下來的操作就容易的多了。
一、 啟動資料庫到mount狀態
[oracle@testdb dbs]$ more initora11g.ora
db_name=ora11g
control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ora11g/control02.ctl'
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ ll
total 1215816
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Apr 30 16:57 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 12173312 Apr 30 16:06 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 19968 Apr 30 16:06 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9830400 Apr 30 16:06 o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1213218816 Apr 30 16:06 o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ cp control01.ctl /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/control01.ctl
cp: cannot create regular file `/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/control01.ctl': No such file or directory
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ cp control01.ctl /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/control01.ctl
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ cp control01.ctl /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ora11g/control02.ctl
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
ora11g
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 30 17:03:14 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> shutdown abort;
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 250560512 bytes
Fixed Size 2227256 bytes
Variable Size 192938952 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5062656 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL>
SQL> col FILE_NAME format a50
SQL> select file#,name FILE_NAME,status from v$datafile;
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf SYSTEM
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf ONLINE
5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf ONLINE
二、 重新註冊備份集，還原spfile，還原資料庫，不完全恢復資料庫
將控制檔案中的原庫備份資訊刪除，然後重新註冊備份集。
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Apr 30 17:06:33 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4270446895, not open)
RMAN> list backupset;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 11.61M DISK 00:00:00 30-APR-15
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150430T160048
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 1
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 6 1087169 13-MAR-15 1094093 30-APR-15
1 7 1094093 30-APR-15 1094096 30-APR-15
1 8 1094096 30-APR-15 1094204 30-APR-15
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 1.13G DISK 00:01:43 30-APR-15
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150430T160049
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1094214 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
2 Full 1094214 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1094214 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1094214 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
5 Full 1092435 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
RMAN> delete backupset;
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=170 device type=DISK
List of Backup Pieces
BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
1 1 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
2 2 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp
Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes
RMAN-06207: WARNING: 2 objects could not be deleted for DISK channel(s) due
RMAN-06208: to mismatched status. Use CROSSCHECK command to fix status
RMAN-06210: List of Mismatched objects
RMAN-06211: ==========================
RMAN-06212: Object Type Filename/Handle
RMAN-06213: --------------- ---------------------------------------------------
RMAN-06214: Backup Piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
RMAN-06214: Backup Piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp
RMAN> crosscheck backupset;
using channel ORA_DISK_1
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp RECID=1 STAMP=878400048
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp RECID=2 STAMP=878400049
Crosschecked 2 objects
RMAN> list backupset;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 11.61M DISK 00:00:00 30-APR-15
BP Key: 1 Status: EXPIRED Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150430T160048
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 1
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 6 1087169 13-MAR-15 1094093 30-APR-15
1 7 1094093 30-APR-15 1094096 30-APR-15
1 8 1094096 30-APR-15 1094204 30-APR-15
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 1.13G DISK 00:01:43 30-APR-15
BP Key: 2 Status: EXPIRED Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150430T160049
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1094214 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
2 Full 1094214 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1094214 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1094214 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
5 Full 1092435 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
RMAN> delete backupset;
using channel ORA_DISK_1
List of Backup Pieces
BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
1 1 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
2 2 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp
Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp RECID=1 STAMP=878400048
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp RECID=2 STAMP=878400049
Deleted 2 objects
RMAN> list backupset;
specification does not match any backup in the repository
RMAN> catalog start with '/tmp/2015_04_30/';
searching for all files that match the pattern /tmp/2015_04_30/
List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/control01.ctl
RMAN> list backupset;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 11.61M DISK 00:00:00 30-APR-15
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150430T160048
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160048_bn3r9jd7_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 3
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 6 1087169 13-MAR-15 1094093 30-APR-15
1 7 1094093 30-APR-15 1094096 30-APR-15
1 8 1094096 30-APR-15 1094204 30-APR-15
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4 Full 1.13G DISK 00:00:00 30-APR-15
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150430T160049
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 4
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1094214 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
2 Full 1094214 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1094214 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1094214 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
5 Full 1092435 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
5 Full 9.36M DISK 00:00:00 30-APR-15
BP Key: 5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150430T160049
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 30-APR-15
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORA11G
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1094280 Ckp time: 30-APR-15
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
6 19.00K DISK 00:00:00 30-APR-15
BP Key: 6 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150430T160239
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 6
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 9 1094204 30-APR-15 1094286 30-APR-15
RMAN> restore spfile from '/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp';
Starting restore at 30-APR-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=179 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3rdxyz_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 30-APR-15
RMAN>
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 30-APR-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150430T160049_bn3r9ksp_.bkp tag=TAG20150430T160049
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:15
Finished restore at 30-APR-15
先嚐試做完全恢復，等到報錯再做不完全恢復：
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 30-APR-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
datafile 5 not processed because file is read-only
starting media recovery
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=9
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/tmp/2015_04_30/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150430T160239_bn3rdzd7_.bkp tag=TAG20150430T160239
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_9_874246769.dbf thread=1 sequence=9
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=10
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/30/2015 17:11:33
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 10 and starting SCN of 1094286
RMAN> recover database until sequence 10;
Starting recover at 30-APR-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
datafile 5 not processed because file is read-only
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 30-APR-15
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
database opened
RMAN>
RMAN> shutdown abort;
Oracle instance shut down
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
這裡恢復到10號停止了，10號檔案很有可能丟失或者是線上日誌，如果是線上日誌，且線上日誌可以找到，那麼我們就可以做完全恢復了，不用丟失資料了，這裡不演示了，在其它方法中演示。這裡我們重新啟動資料庫就會以spfile來啟動資料庫了，當然不建議使用shutdown abort來強制關庫：
[oracle@testdb 2015_04_30]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 30 17:42:20 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 409194496 bytes
Fixed Size 2228864 bytes
Variable Size 276827520 bytes
Database Buffers 121634816 bytes
Redo Buffers 8503296 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
/dbhome_1/dbs/spfileora11g.ora
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> select file#,name FILE_NAME from v$dbfile;
FILE# FILE_NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
SQL>
SQL> col FILE_NAME format a50
SQL> select FILE_NAME,FILE_ID,a.TABLESPACE_NAME, b.status ts_status ,BYTES from dba_data_files a,dba_tablespaces b where a.TABLESPACE_NAME=b.TABLESPACE_NAME;
FILE_NAME FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME TS_STATUS BYTES
-------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ --------- ----------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf 4 USERS ONLINE 5242880
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf 3 UNDOTBS1 ONLINE 99614720
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf 2 SYSAUX ONLINE 566231040
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf 1 SYSTEM ONLINE 744488960
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf 5 EXAMPLE READ ONLY 328335360
17:50:35 SQL> select count(1) from lhr.test;
COUNT(1)
----------
75204
17:50:44 SQL>
好，資料庫已經恢復，後邊要做的就是備份新庫等其他操作，這裡就不演示了,至於第二種辦法且看下一篇blog。
在上一篇blog中我們介紹了採用dbms_backup_restore來找回控制檔案並恢復整個資料庫的方法，本篇blog我們介紹採用建立臨時庫來找回控制檔案的方法。
1.1.1 方法二：嘗試採用建立臨時庫來找回控制檔案
由於RMAN必須工作在MOUNT模式，所有的資料檔案都丟失，無法透過只重建控制檔案將其啟動到MOUNT模式，所以這裡利用dbca建立一個臨時資料庫環境，資料庫的名稱與原有名稱保持不變，檔案存放到預設位置即可。
一、 搭建臨時庫來註冊備份集
這裡我們假設有一個臨時環境供我們測試，ORACLE_SID=orcltest，由於是第二天做的測試，所以我重新對原庫做了備份並傳遞到備份庫
[root@rhel6_lhr backupset]# scp -r 2015_05_02 oracle@192.168.59.129:/tmp
oracle@192.168.59.129's password:
o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp 100% 9728 9.5KB/s 00:00
o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp 100% 236MB 6.6MB/s 00:36
o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp 100% 1096MB 54.8MB/s 00:20
o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp 100% 10MB 9.8MB/s 00:00
o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp 100% 9600KB 9.4MB/s 00:00
[root@rhel6_lhr backupset]#
[root@rhel6_lhr 2015_05_02]# ll -h
total 1.4G
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 9.9M May 2 11:23 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 9.5K May 2 11:31 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 9.4M May 2 11:31 o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 236M May 2 10:56 o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 1.1G May 2 11:31 o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
由下邊的方法（備份集中無控制檔案的備份）的方法得知，這裡建立一個臨時庫的方法比較麻煩，不太推薦：
[oracle@orcltest tmp]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbname orcltest -sid orcltest -sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr -responseFile NO_VALUE -datafileDestination /u02/app/oracle/oradata -redoLogFileSize 50 -recoveryAreaDestination /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area -storageType FS -characterSet ZHS16GBK -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 -sampleSchema true -memoryPercentage 30 -totalMemory 200 -databaseType OLTP -emConfiguration NONE -automaticMemoryManagement true
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
10% complete
17% complete
24% complete
35% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
37% complete
42% complete
47% complete
52% complete
53% complete
56% complete
58% complete
Registering database with Oracle Restart
64% complete
Completing Database Creation
68% complete
71% complete
75% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/u02/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcltest/orcltest0.log" for further details.
[oracle@orcltest tmp]$ crsstat
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------ -------------------------- ---------- --------- -------
ora.DATA.dg ora.diskgroup.type ONLINE ONLINE orcltest
ora.LISTENER.lsnr ora.listener.type ONLINE ONLINE orcltest
ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE orcltest
ora.cssd ora.cssd.type ONLINE ONLINE orcltest
ora.diskmon ora.diskmon.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.evmd ora.evm.type ONLINE ONLINE orcltest
ora.ons ora.ons.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.orcltest.db ora.database.type ONLINE ONLINE orcltest
[oracle@orcltest 2015_05_02]$ ll
total 1383664
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 10278400 May 2 11:34 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9728 May 2 11:33 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9830400 May 2 11:34 o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 247463936 May 2 11:34 o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1149280256 May 2 11:34 o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
[oracle@orcltest 2015_05_02]$ ORACLE_SID=orcltest
[oracle@orcltest 2015_05_02]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat May 2 11:36:51 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@orcltest 2015_05_02]$
[oracle@orcltest 2015_05_02]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat May 2 11:37:24 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCLTEST (DBID=2626150865)
RMAN> list backupset;
specification does not match any backup in the repository
RMAN>
RMAN> catalog start with '/tmp/2015_05_02/';
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
searching for all files that match the pattern /tmp/2015_05_02/
List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
no files cataloged
List of Files Which Where Not Cataloged
=======================================
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
RMAN-07518: Reason: Foreign database file DBID: 4270446895 Database Name: ORA11G
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
RMAN-07518: Reason: Foreign database file DBID: 4270446895 Database Name: ORA11G
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
RMAN-07518: Reason: Foreign database file DBID: 4270446895 Database Name: ORA11G
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
RMAN-07518: Reason: Foreign database file DBID: 4270446895 Database Name: ORA11G
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
RMAN-07518: Reason: Foreign database file DBID: 4270446895 Database Name: ORA11G
RMAN>
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp';
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
ORA-19691: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp is from different database: id=4270446895, name=ORA11G
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of catalog command at 05/02/2015 11:40:26
RMAN-06209: List of failed objects
RMAN-06211: ==========================
RMAN-06212: Object Type Filename/Handle
RMAN-06213: --------------- ---------------------------------------------------
RMAN-06214: Backup Piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
RMAN>
RMAN>
由此可以看出，命令catalog start with '/tmp/2015_05_02/'; 在異庫註冊可以檢視到原庫的資訊：DBID: 4270446895 Database Name: ORA11G，（10g下測試也可以獲取到這些資訊）這裡dbname和dbid都不一樣所以不能註冊在該資料庫下，將備份片的資訊加入到控制檔案的時候報錯，原因在於原有資料庫和臨時資料庫的DBID不同，那麼我們是否可以嘗試修改臨時資料庫的DBID，使它與原有資料庫DBID保持一致呢，試試唄。
1、 修改dbname和dbid
首先啟動臨時庫到open read only狀態，然後執行指令碼：
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ ORACLE_SID=orcltest
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat May 2 12:56:05 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup open read only;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 409194496 bytes
Fixed Size 2228864 bytes
Variable Size 281021824 bytes
Database Buffers 117440512 bytes
Redo Buffers 8503296 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> @?/dbs/change_dbid.sql
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
OLD_NAME
--------------------------------
ORCLTEST
Enter the new Database Name:ORA11G
Enter the new Database ID:4270446895
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Convert ORCLTEST(2626156129) to ORA11G(4270446895)
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
ControlFile:
=> Change Name:1
=> Change DBID:1
DataFile: /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf
=> Skipped:0
=> Change Name:1
=> Change DBID:1
DataFile: /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf
=> Skipped:0
=> Change Name:1
=> Change DBID:1
DataFile: /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf
=> Skipped:0
=> Change Name:1
=> Change DBID:1
DataFile: /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf
=> Skipped:0
=> Change Name:1
=> Change DBID:1
DataFile: /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/example01.dbf
=> Skipped:0
=> Change Name:1
=> Change DBID:1
DataFile: /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/temp01.dbf
=> Skipped:0
=> Change Name:1
=> Change DBID:1
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
File created.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ ll
total 52
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 2239 May 2 12:33 change_dbid.sql
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 1544 May 2 10:56 hc_DBUA5452531.dat
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 1544 May 2 12:45 hc_ORA11G.dat
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 1544 May 2 12:56 hc_orcltest.dat
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 165 May 2 10:54 initDBUA5452531.ora
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 2851 May 15 2009 init.ora
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 640 May 2 12:10 initORA11G.ora
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 997 May 2 12:58 initorcltest.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 2 10:55 lkinstDBUA5452531
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 24 May 2 12:10 lkORA11G
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 24 Apr 21 16:27 lkORCLTEST
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1536 May 2 10:54 orapwDBUA5452531
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1536 May 2 12:53 orapworcltest
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 3584 May 2 12:57 spfileorcltest.ora
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ vi initorcltest.ora
。。。。
*.db_name='ORA11G'
。。。。
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ mv initorcltest.ora initORA11G.ora
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ ORACLE_SID=ORA11G
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat May 2 13:04:44 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 409194496 bytes
Fixed Size 2228864 bytes
Variable Size 272633216 bytes
Database Buffers 125829120 bytes
Redo Buffers 8503296 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
SQL> select dbid,name from v$database;
DBID NAME
---------- ---------
4270446895 ORA11G
SQL>
好了，和原庫一樣了，現在我們重新註冊
2、 重新註冊
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ORACLE_SID=ORA11G
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat May 2 13:10:35 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4270446895)
RMAN> catalog start with '/tmp/2015_05_02/';
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
searching for all files that match the pattern /tmp/2015_05_02/
List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
RMAN>
成功註冊，接下來就簡單了，檢視備份集中含有哪些內容
RMAN> list backupset;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 9.00K DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T113152
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 1
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 15 1145640 02-MAY-15 1145812 02-MAY-15
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 235.99M DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T105103
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1122334 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf
2 Full 1122334 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1122334 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1122334 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf
5 Full 1092435 30-APR-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/example01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Full 1.07G DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112355
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf
2 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf
5 Full 1092435 30-APR-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/example01.dbf
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4 9.80M DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112352
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 4
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 13 1122206 02-MAY-15 1145003 02-MAY-15
1 14 1145003 02-MAY-15 1145640 02-MAY-15
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
5 Full 9.36M DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112355
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 02-MAY-15
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORA11G
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1145807 Ckp time: 02-MAY-15
RMAN>
我們可以看到，控制檔案和spfile都在備份檔案： /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp 中，有歸檔檔案，有資料檔案，此時我們就可以考慮還原策略了，我們可以使用備份中的spfile和控制檔案，也可以只還原資料檔案，這個根據自己的需要而定，這裡我們測試的話就從spfile、control file，datafile都還原吧。
二、 還原操作 1、 還原spfile
RMAN> restore spfile from '/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp';
Starting restore at 02-MAY-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=144 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 02-MAY-15
RMAN>
[oracle@orcltest ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ ll spfile*
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2560 May 2 13:21 spfileORA11G.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 3584 May 2 12:57 spfileorcltest.ora
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$
2、 還原控制檔案
RMAN> restore controlfile to '/tmp/2015_05_02/cont.ctl' from '/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp';
Starting restore at 02-MAY-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 02-MAY-15
RMAN>
這裡可以採用原資料庫的控制檔案，即現在還原出來的控制檔案，也可以採用目前臨時庫的控制檔案，都可以，當然，如果備份集中沒有控制檔案的備份的話我們可以考慮 採用臨時庫的控制檔案，或者備份片段中沒有控制檔案的備份 這個方法。
3、 還原database
這裡分情況，如果採用原庫的控制檔案的話，我們可以這樣還原：
①、 方法一：採用原庫控制檔案--推薦
將原庫控制檔案複製到pfile定義的相關目錄：
[oracle@orcltest orcltest]$ cp /tmp/2015_05_02/cont.ctl /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcltest/control02.ctl
[oracle@orcltest orcltest]$ cp /tmp/2015_05_02/cont.ctl /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/control01.ctl
[oracle@orcltest orcltest]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat May 2 13:32:55 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4270446895, not open)
RMAN> list backupset;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
6 9.80M DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 6 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112352
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 6
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 13 1122206 02-MAY-15 1145003 02-MAY-15
1 14 1145003 02-MAY-15 1145640 02-MAY-15
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
7 Full 1.07G DISK 00:07:46 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112355
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 7
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
2 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
5 Full 1092435 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
RMAN> delete backupset;
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 02-MAY-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=134 device type=DISK
Crosschecked 2 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 02-MAY-15
Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 02-MAY-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 02-MAY-15
searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2015_05_02/o1_mf_1_2_bn8o55o8_.arc
File Name: /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2015_05_02/o1_mf_1_3_bn8o6tkw_.arc
File Name: /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2015_05_02/o1_mf_1_1_bn8o4j7z_.arc
using channel ORA_DISK_1
List of Backup Pieces
BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
6 6 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
7 7 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp RECID=6 STAMP=878642633
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp RECID=7 STAMP=878642635
Deleted 2 objects
RMAN> crosscheck backupset;
using channel ORA_DISK_1
specification does not match any backup in the repository
RMAN> list backupset;
specification does not match any backup in the repository
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat May 2 13:33:41 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4270446895, not open)
RMAN> list backupset;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
specification does not match any backup in the repository
RMAN> catalog start with '/tmp/2015_05_02/';
searching for all files that match the pattern /tmp/2015_05_02/
List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/cont.ctl
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/cont.ctl
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
RMAN> list backupset;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
8 9.00K DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T113152
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 8
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 15 1145640 02-MAY-15 1145812 02-MAY-15
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
9 Full 235.99M DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 9 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T105103
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 9
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1122334 02-MAY-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
2 Full 1122334 02-MAY-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1122334 02-MAY-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1122334 02-MAY-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
5 Full 1092435 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
10 Full 1.07G DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112355
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 10
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
2 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
5 Full 1092435 30-APR-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
11 9.80M DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 11 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112352
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 11
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 13 1122206 02-MAY-15 1145003 02-MAY-15
1 14 1145003 02-MAY-15 1145640 02-MAY-15
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
12 Full 9.36M DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 12 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112355
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 02-MAY-15
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORA11G
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1145807 Ckp time: 02-MAY-15
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 02-MAY-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=125 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
ORA-19504: failed to create file "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf"
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
ORA-19504: failed to create file "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf"
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 1
failover to previous backup
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
ORA-19504: failed to create file "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf"
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
ORA-19504: failed to create file "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf"
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 1
failover to previous backup
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 05/02/2015 13:34:38
RMAN-06026: some targets not found - aborting restore
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 5 found to restore
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 4 found to restore
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 3 found to restore
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 2 found to restore
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 1 found to restore
缺少目錄，我們建立目錄重試：
[oracle@orcltest orcltest]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 02-MAY-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp tag=TAG20150502T112355
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:06
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp tag=TAG20150502T105103
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
restore not complete
Restore did not complete for some files from backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp (piecenum=1, pieces_done=1, done=FALSE, failover=FALSE)
Please check alert log for additional information.
failover to previous backup
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp tag=TAG20150502T112355
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
Finished restore at 02-MAY-15
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 02-MAY-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
datafile 5 not processed because file is read-only
starting media recovery
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=15
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp tag=TAG20150502T113152
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2015_05_02/o1_mf_1_15_bn8ro53m_.arc thread=1 sequence=15
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2015_05_02/o1_mf_1_15_bn8ro53m_.arc RECID=10 STAMP=878650661
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=16
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 05/02/2015 13:37:42
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 16 and starting SCN of 1145812
RMAN> recover database until sequence 16;
Starting recover at 02-MAY-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
datafile 5 not processed because file is read-only
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 02-MAY-15
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
database opened
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat May 2 13:40:07 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> select count(1) from lhr.test;
COUNT(1)
----------
75204
SQL>
OK，一切搞定，其他的後續工作別忘記了。
②、 方法二：採用臨時庫的控制檔案，或者備份片段中沒有控制檔案的備份
如果採用臨時庫的控制檔案來還原資料庫的，會出現這樣的問題：
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 02-MAY-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=134 device type=DISK
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 05/02/2015 13:48:39
RMAN-06026: some targets not found - aborting restore
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 5 found to restore
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 4 found to restore
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 3 found to restore
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 2 found to restore
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 1 found to restore
RMAN> list backupset;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 9.00K DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T113152
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 1
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 15 1145640 02-MAY-15 1145812 02-MAY-15
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 235.99M DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T105103
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1122334 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf
2 Full 1122334 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1122334 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1122334 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf
5 Full 1092435 30-APR-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/example01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Full 1.07G DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112355
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf
2 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1145650 02-MAY-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf
5 Full 1092435 30-APR-15 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/example01.dbf
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4 9.80M DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112352
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 4
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
1 13 1122206 02-MAY-15 1145003 02-MAY-15
1 14 1145003 02-MAY-15 1145640 02-MAY-15
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
5 Full 9.36M DISK 00:00:00 02-MAY-15
BP Key: 5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112355
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 02-MAY-15
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORA11G
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1145807 Ckp time: 02-MAY-15
RMAN>
雖然能用list backup命令看到相關資料檔案的後設資料資訊，但是執行restore database卻無法找到相應資料檔案的備份，這時可以用到強大的DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE包執行恢復操作，執行如下PL/SQL命令，注意如果同一個資料檔案在多個備份集中，只寫一個備份集名稱即可：
SQL> DECLARE
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 BEGIN
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate (type=>'',ident=>'t1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>01,toname=>'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>02,toname=>'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf');
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>03,toname=>'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf');
10 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>04,toname=>'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf');
11 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>05,toname=>'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/example01.dbf');
12 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp', params=>null);
13 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
14 END;
15 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
[oracle@orcltest orcltest]$ ll -h
total 1.7G
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9.3M May 2 14:00 control01.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 314M May 2 13:59 example01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 551M May 2 13:59 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 721M May 2 13:59 system01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 96M May 2 13:58 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 16M May 2 13:58 users01.dbf
[oracle@orcltest orcltest]$
好，我們看到資料檔案已經到位，接下來就是recover操作了。
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 02-MAY-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=134 device type=DISK
starting media recovery
media recovery failed
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 05/02/2015 14:01:45
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
RMAN-11003: failure during parse/execution of SQL statement: alter database recover if needed
start
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-19909: datafile 1 belongs to an orphan incarnation
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf'
RMAN> list incarnation of database;
List of Database Incarnations
DB Key Inc Key DB Name DB ID STATUS Reset SCN Reset Time
------- ------- -------- ---------------- --- ---------- ----------
1 1 ORA11G 4270446895 PARENT 995548 02-MAY-15
3 3 ORA11G 4270446895 ORPHAN 995548 13-MAR-15
2 2 ORA11G 4270446895 CURRENT 1091863 02-MAY-15
RMAN> reset database to incarnation 3;
database reset to incarnation 3
RMAN> list incarnation of database;
List of Database Incarnations
DB Key Inc Key DB Name DB ID STATUS Reset SCN Reset Time
------- ------- -------- ---------------- --- ---------- ----------
1 1 ORA11G 4270446895 ORPHAN 995548 02-MAY-15
3 3 ORA11G 4270446895 CURRENT 995548 13-MAR-15
2 2 ORA11G 4270446895 ORPHAN 1091863 02-MAY-15
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 02-MAY-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery failed
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 05/02/2015 14:07:33
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
RMAN-11003: failure during parse/execution of SQL statement: alter database recover if needed
start
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01206: file is not part of this database - wrong database id
ORA-01110: data file 5: '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/example01.dbf'
[oracle@orcltest ~]$ oerr ora 1206
01206, 00000, "file is not part of this database - wrong database id"
// *Cause: The database ID in the file header does not match the database id
// in the control file. The file may be from a different database, or
// it may not be a database file at all. If the database was rebuilt,
// this may be a file from before the rebuild. Note that if you see
// this error when the file is supposed to be plugged in from another
// database via the Transportable Tablespace feature, it means the
// database ID in the file header does not match the one expected.
// *Action: Restore a copy of the correct data file and do recovery as needed.
[oracle@orcltest ~]$
查了下資料發現：
ORA-01110: data file 9: 'H:xxxxxxxxx.dbf'
ORA-01206: file is not part of this database - wrong database id
Datafile 9 was a read-only tablespace, and the source database was actually created with RMAN DUPLICATE. Datafile 9 was read-only during that duplicate operation, and the status hadn’t changed since then. As you can imagine, the read-only datafiles were not changed and their headers still contained the DBID of the database that was the source of the RMAN DUPLICATE. A similar situation could probably happen if tablespaces were imported using transportable tablespaces feature, and left read only.
The fix in this case is to make tablespaces read-write for a moment, and then change back to read-only. The read-write operation will write new datafile headers and, consequently, put there the “right” DBID. IMPORTANT — this has to be done before backup and not after a disaster strikes. This case just emphasizes again the most important rule of any backup/recovery strategy is to do regular test-restores.
If it’s too late and something hit the fan — well, you probably have a chance to offline drop those tablespaces and, hopefully, be able to import them back, if those are transportable tablespaces, and the metadata dump file is still available.
Another idea would be to offline datafiles and then online them after OPEN RESETLOGS. Should someone try that — let us know if it works
知道了，原來example表空間是隻讀的，這個有點麻煩了，本來沒有隻讀檔案的話，直接recover做不完全恢復就ＯＫ了，這樣一來我們就必須重建控制檔案了，這裡如果沒有隻讀檔案的話直接ｒｅｃｏｖｅｒ就可以成功了。
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/tmp/aab.txt';
Database altered.
SQL>
拿出/tmp/aab.txt中建立控制檔案的部分，直接在ｎｏｍｏｕｎｔ下建立控制檔案，注意這裡去掉只讀資料檔案，關於只讀資料檔案的處理參考：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1425283/：
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA11G" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/redo01.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/redo02.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/redo03.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf',
'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf',
'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf',
'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf'
-- '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/example01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
[oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat May 2 14:52:41 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL>
SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA11G" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/redo01.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/redo02.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/redo03.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf',
'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf',
'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf',
'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 409194496 bytes
Fixed Size 2228864 bytes
Variable Size 272633216 bytes
Database Buffers 125829120 bytes
Redo Buffers 8503296 bytes
SQL> 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Control file created.
SQL> SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@orcltest ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat May 2 14:53:01 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4270446895, not open)
RMAN> catalog start with '/tmp/2015_05_02/';
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
searching for all files that match the pattern /tmp/2015_05_02/
List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/cont.ctl
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/cont.ctl
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
RMAN> list backupset;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1 9.00K DISK 00:00:00 2015-05-02 11:31:52
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T113152
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 1
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 15 1145640 2015-05-02 11:23:48 1145812 2015-05-02 11:31:52
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
2 Full 235.99M DISK 00:00:00 2015-05-02 10:51:03
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T105103
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T105103_bn8gxdob_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
1 Full 1122334 2015-05-02 10:51:03 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf
2 Full 1122334 2015-05-02 10:51:03 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1122334 2015-05-02 10:51:03 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1122334 2015-05-02 10:51:03 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf
5 Full 1092435 2015-04-30 15:42:04
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
3 Full 1.07G DISK 00:00:00 2015-05-02 11:23:55
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112355
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8jtcsc_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
1 Full 1145650 2015-05-02 11:23:55 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf
2 Full 1145650 2015-05-02 11:23:55 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1145650 2015-05-02 11:23:55 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1145650 2015-05-02 11:23:55 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf
5 Full 1092435 2015-04-30 15:42:04
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
4 9.80M DISK 00:00:00 2015-05-02 11:23:53
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112352
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T112352_bn8jt975_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 4
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 13 1122206 2015-05-02 10:50:47 1145003 2015-05-02 11:21:26
1 14 1145003 2015-05-02 11:21:26 1145640 2015-05-02 11:23:48
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
5 Full 9.36M DISK 00:00:00 2015-05-02 11:31:50
BP Key: 5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T112355
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150502T112355_bn8k97pm_.bkp
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 2015-05-02 11:21:13
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORA11G
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1145807 Ckp time: 2015-05-02 11:31:50
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 2015-05-02 14:58:31
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=15
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T113152_bn8k98y5_.bkp tag=TAG20150502T113152
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2015_05_02/o1_mf_1_15_bn8xdzo2_.arc thread=1 sequence=15
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2015_05_02/o1_mf_1_15_bn8xdzo2_.arc RECID=1 STAMP=878655519
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=16
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 05/02/2015 14:58:46
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 16 and starting SCN of 1145812
RMAN> recover database until sequence 16;
Starting recover at 2015-05-02 14:59:16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 2015-05-02 14:59:19
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
database opened
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
ｒｅｃｏｖｅｒ 過程中的告警日誌：
Sat May 02 15:00:37 2015
[20103] Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.
Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:13457914 end:13468244 diff:10330 (103 seconds)
Dictionary check beginning
Tablespace 'TEMP' #3 found in data dictionary,
but not in the controlfile. Adding to controlfile.
Tablespace 'EXAMPLE' #6 found in data dictionary,
but not in the controlfile. Adding to controlfile.
File #5 found in data dictionary but not in controlfile.
Creating OFFLINE file 'MISSING00005' in the controlfile.
Dictionary check complete
Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..
Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed
Sat May 02 15:00:39 2015
SMON: enabling tx recovery
*********************************************************************
WARNING: The following temporary tablespaces contain no files.
This condition can occur when a backup controlfile has
been restored. It may be necessary to add files to these
tablespaces. That can be done using the SQL statement:
ALTER TABLESPACE ADD TEMPFILE
Alternatively, if these temporary tablespaces are no longer
needed, then they can be dropped.
Empty temporary tablespace: TEMP
*********************************************************************
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
Sat May 02 15:00:55 2015
No Resource Manager plan active
**********************************************************
WARNING: Files may exists in db_recovery_file_dest
that are not known to the database. Use the RMAN command
CATALOG RECOVERY AREA to re-catalog any such files.
If files cannot be cataloged, then manually delete them
using OS command.
One of the following events caused this:
1. A backup controlfile was restored.
2. A standby controlfile was restored.
3. The controlfile was re-created.
4. db_recovery_file_dest had previously been enabled and
then disabled.
**********************************************************
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Sat May 02 15:01:31 2015
Errors in file /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ORA11G/trace/ORA11G_ora_20103.trc (incident=13353):
ORA-25319: Queue table repartitioning aborted
Sat May 02 15:01:31 2015
Checker run found 2 new persistent data failures
Incident details in: /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ORA11G/incident/incdir_13353/ORA11G_ora_20103_i13353.trc
Sat May 02 15:01:48 2015
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20150502150148], requested by (instance=1, osid=20103), summary=[incident=13353].
Sat May 02 15:01:50 2015
error 25319 happened during Queue table repartitioning
Starting background process QMNC
Sat May 02 15:01:50 2015
QMNC started with pid=26, OS id=20168
LOGSTDBY: Validating controlfile with logical metadata
LOGSTDBY: Validation complete
Sat May 02 15:02:03 2015
Sweep [inc][13353]: completed
Sweep [inc2][13353]: completed
Sat May 02 15:02:24 2015
Completed: alter database open resetlogs
Sat May 02 15:02:24 2015
Errors in file /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ORA11G/trace/ORA11G_mmon_20057.trc (incident=13321):
ORA-25319: Queue table repartitioning aborted
Incident details in: /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ORA11G/incident/incdir_13321/ORA11G_mmon_20057_i13321.trc
error 25319 happened during Queue table repartitioning
Sat May 02 15:02:26 2015
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20150502150226], requested by (instance=1, osid=20057 (MMON)), summary=[incident=13321].
Sat May 02 15:02:36 2015
db_recovery_file_dest_size of 4122 MB is 0.00% used. This is a
user-specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this
database for recovery-related files, and does not reflect the amount of
space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.
Sat May 02 15:02:39 2015
Starting background process CJQ0
Sat May 02 15:02:39 2015
CJQ0 started with pid=30, OS id=20198
Sat May 02 15:02:44 2015
Errors in file /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ORA11G/trace/ORA11G_m000_20194.trc:
ORA-25153: Temporary Tablespace is Empty
Setting Resource Manager plan SCHEDULER[0x318E]:DEFAULT_MAINTENANCE_PLAN via scheduler window
Setting Resource Manager plan DEFAULT_MAINTENANCE_PLAN via parameter
Sat May 02 15:02:46 2015
Starting background process VKRM
Sat May 02 15:02:46 2015
VKRM started with pid=20, OS id=20204
Sat May 02 15:02:57 2015
Sweep [inc][13321]: completed
Sweep [inc2][13321]: completed
ＯＫ，基本恢復完成，還剩下只讀檔案了，我們看看只讀檔案如何恢復：
[oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat May 2 15:02:33 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> set line 9999 pagesize 9999
SQL> col FILE_NAME format a50
SQL> select file#,name FILE_NAME,status from v$datafile;
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
1 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf SYSTEM
2 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
3 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
4 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf ONLINE
5 /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/MISSIN OFFLINE
G00005
SQL> alter database rename file '/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/MISSING00005' to '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/example01.dbf';
Database altered.
SQL> set line 9999 pagesize 9999
SQL> col FILE_NAME format a50
SQL> select file#,name FILE_NAME,status from v$datafile;
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
1 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf SYSTEM
2 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
3 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
4 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf ONLINE
5 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/example01.dbf OFFLINE
SQL> select FILE_NAME,FILE_ID,a.TABLESPACE_NAME, b.status ts_status ,BYTES from dba_data_files a,dba_tablespaces b where a.TABLESPACE_NAME=b.TABLESPACE_NAME;
FILE_NAME FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME TS_STATUS BYTES
-------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ --------- ----------
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf 4 USERS ONLINE 15728640
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf 3 UNDOTBS1 ONLINE 99614720
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf 2 SYSAUX ONLINE 576716800
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf 1 SYSTEM ONLINE 754974720
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/example01.dbf 5 EXAMPLE READ ONLY
SQL> alter tablespace EXAMPLE online;
Tablespace altered.
SQL> select file#,name FILE_NAME,status from v$datafile;
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
1 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf SYSTEM
2 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
3 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
4 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf ONLINE
5 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/example01.dbf ONLINE
SQL> select FILE_NAME,FILE_ID,a.TABLESPACE_NAME, b.status ts_status ,BYTES from dba_data_files a,dba_tablespaces b where a.TABLESPACE_NAME=b.TABLESPACE_NAME;
FILE_NAME FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME TS_STATUS BYTES
-------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ --------- ----------
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/users01.dbf 4 USERS ONLINE 15728640
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/undotbs01.dbf 3 UNDOTBS1 ONLINE 99614720
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/sysaux01.dbf 2 SYSAUX ONLINE 576716800
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/system01.dbf 1 SYSTEM ONLINE 754974720
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/example01.dbf 5 EXAMPLE READ ONLY 328335360
SQL> select count(1) from lhr.test;
COUNT(1)
----------
75204
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
臨時檔案的處理：
SQL>
SQL> select * from v$tempfile;
no rows selected
SQL> create temporary tablespace TEMP01 tempfile '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/temp01.dbf' size 100m autoextend on next 10m;
Tablespace created.
SQL> alter database default temporary tablespace temp01;
Database altered.
SQL>
SQL> col name for a100
SQL> select file#,name from v$tempfile;
FILE# NAME
---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcltest/temp01.dbf
SQL>
好了，至此我們就恢復了資料庫了。
在上2篇blog中介紹了備份片中含有控制檔案的備份的情況下，如何從備份集中找回控制檔案的備份並恢復資料庫，本篇blog來介紹下在備份片中沒有控制檔案的備份的情況下如何恢復資料庫。
1.1 備份集中無控制檔案情況下的資料庫恢復
如果採用本文中所描述的3種方式均判斷沒有控制檔案的備份的時候，那麼我們唯一能做的就是重建控制檔案了，而resetlogs方式重建控制檔案之前需要控制檔案指令碼中的所有資料檔案到位才能重建控制檔案。
[root@orcltest 2015_05_02]# ll -h
total 1.2G
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 30M May 2 15:49 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154402_bn9022tb_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 4.0K May 2 15:49 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154451_bn903mln_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1.1G May 2 15:49 o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T154404_bn9025w1_.bkp
[root@orcltest 2015_05_02]# pwd
/tmp/2015_05_02
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ more inittmp.ora
db_name=tmp
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ ORACLE_SID=tmp
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun May 3 14:45:45 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 217157632 bytes
Fixed Size 2211928 bytes
Variable Size 159387560 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5226496 bytes
SQL> DECLARE
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 BEGIN
5 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate (type=>'',ident=>'t1');
6 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
7 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>01,toname=>'/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf');
8 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T154404_bn9025w1_.bkp', params=>null);
9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
10 END;
11 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> SQL> ! ls -lh /tmp/2015_05_02/
total 1.9G
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 721M May 3 14:46 datafile1.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 30M May 2 15:49 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154402_bn9022tb_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 4.0K May 2 15:49 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154451_bn903mln_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1.1G May 2 15:49 o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T154404_bn9025w1_.bkp
SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "tmp" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
2 MAXLOGFILES 16
3 MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
4 MAXDATAFILES 100
5 MAXINSTANCES 8
6 MAXLOGHISTORY 292
7 LOGFILE
8 GROUP 1 '/tmp/2015_05_02/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
9 GROUP 2 '/tmp/2015_05_02/redo02.log' SIZE 50M
10 DATAFILE
11 '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf'
12 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
13 ;
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "tmp" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01503: CREATE CONTROLFILE failed
ORA-01161: database name ORA11G in file header does not match given name of TMP
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf'
由此可以看出備份集中的db_name為ORA11G，其實這些都是沒有必要的，哪個dba不曉得資料庫名呢？好吧，我們將pfile檔案中的db_name修改一下，採用RESETLOGS建立控制檔案，注意必須是RESETLOGS，NORESETLOGS需要online log檔案在位，如下：
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ more inittmp.ora
db_name=ORA11G
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
tmp
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun May 3 14:56:44 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 217157632 bytes
Fixed Size 2211928 bytes
Variable Size 159387560 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5226496 bytes
SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA11G" RESETLOGS DATAFILE '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf';
Control file created.
SQL>
SQL> show parameter control_files
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_files string /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
/dbhome_1/dbs/cntrltmp.dbf
SQL>
SQL> set line 9999 pagesize 9999
SQL> col FILE_NAME format a50
SQL> select file#,name FILE_NAME,status from v$datafile;
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
1 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf SYSTEM
SQL>
catalog 所有的backuppiece
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun May 3 15:40:32 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4270446895, not open)
RMAN> list backupset;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
specification does not match any backup in the repository
RMAN> catalog start with '/tmp/2015_05_02/';
searching for all files that match the pattern /tmp/2015_05_02/
List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154451_bn903mln_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154402_bn9022tb_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T154404_bn9025w1_.bkp
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154451_bn903mln_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154402_bn9022tb_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T154404_bn9025w1_.bkp
RMAN>
RMAN> list backupset;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1 3.50K DISK 00:00:00 2015-05-02 15:44:51
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T154451
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154451_bn903mln_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 1
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 17 1166181 2015-05-02 15:44:02 1166209 2015-05-02 15:44:51
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
2 29.82M DISK 00:00:00 2015-05-02 15:44:02
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T154402
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154402_bn9022tb_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 2
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 16 1145812 2015-05-02 11:31:52 1166181 2015-05-02 15:44:02
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
3 Full 1.07G DISK 00:00:00 2015-05-02 15:44:04
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T154404
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T154404_bn9025w1_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
1 Full 1166189 2015-05-02 15:44:04 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf
2 Full 1166189 2015-05-02 15:44:04
3 Full 1166189 2015-05-02 15:44:04
4 Full 1166189 2015-05-02 15:44:04
5 Full 1166189 2015-05-02 15:44:04
6 Full 1166189 2015-05-02 15:44:04
RMAN>
RMAN> list backupset of spfile;
specification does not match any backup in the repository
RMAN> list backupset of controlfile;
specification does not match any backup in the repository
RMAN> list backupset of archivelog all;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1 3.50K DISK 00:00:00 2015-05-02 15:44:51
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T154451
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154451_bn903mln_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 1
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 17 1166181 2015-05-02 15:44:02 1166209 2015-05-02 15:44:51
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
2 29.82M DISK 00:00:00 2015-05-02 15:44:02
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T154402
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154402_bn9022tb_.bkp
List of Archived Logs in backup set 2
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 16 1145812 2015-05-02 11:31:52 1166181 2015-05-02 15:44:02
RMAN> list backupset of database;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
3 Full 1.07G DISK 00:00:00 2015-05-02 15:44:04
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20150502T154404
Piece Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T154404_bn9025w1_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
1 Full 1166189 2015-05-02 15:44:04 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf
2 Full 1166189 2015-05-02 15:44:04
3 Full 1166189 2015-05-02 15:44:04
4 Full 1166189 2015-05-02 15:44:04
5 Full 1166189 2015-05-02 15:44:04
6 Full 1166189 2015-05-02 15:44:04
由備份集我們可以看出，有16和17號的歸檔檔案備份，有6個資料檔案備份，這裡我們使用dbms_backup_restore package 來restore datafile。請注意：datafile的名字不重要，只要對於要恢復的datafile，是唯一的名字即可。
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun May 3 15:59:43 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
2 devtype varchar2(256);
3 done boolean;
4 BEGIN
devtype := dbms_backup_restore.DeviceAllocate(type=>null, ident=>'d1');
6 dbms_backup_restore.RestoreSetDatafile;
7 --dbms_backup_restore.RestoreDatafileTo(dfnumber => 1,toname => '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf');
8 dbms_backup_restore.RestoreDatafileTo(dfnumber => 2,toname => '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile2.dbf');
9 dbms_backup_restore.RestoreDatafileTo(dfnumber => 3,toname => '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile3.dbf');
10 dbms_backup_restore.RestoreDatafileTo(dfnumber => 4,toname => '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile4.dbf');
11 dbms_backup_restore.RestoreDatafileTo(dfnumber => 5,toname => '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile5.dbf');
12 dbms_backup_restore.RestoreDatafileTo(dfnumber => 6,toname => '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile6.dbf');
13 dbms_backup_restore.RestoreBackupPiece(done => done,handle =>'/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T154404_bn9025w1_.bkp', params => null);
14 dbms_backup_restore.DeviceDeallocate;
15 END;
16 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> set line 9999 pagesize 9999
SQL> col FILE_NAME format a50
SQL> select file#,name FILE_NAME,status from v$datafile;
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
1 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf SYSTEM
SQL> shutdown abort;
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
告警日誌：
Sun May 03 15:59:44 2015
Full restore complete of datafile 6 to datafile copy /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile6.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:00:00
checkpoint is 1166189
last deallocation scn is 995550
Full restore complete of datafile 4 to datafile copy /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile4.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:00:02
checkpoint is 1166189
last deallocation scn is 3
Full restore complete of datafile 3 to datafile copy /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile3.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:00:02
checkpoint is 1166189
last deallocation scn is 1157819
Undo Optimization current scn is 1157346
Sun May 03 16:00:30 2015
Full restore complete of datafile 5 to datafile copy /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile5.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:00:44
checkpoint is 1166189
last deallocation scn is 1015098
Sun May 03 16:01:03 2015
Full restore complete of datafile 2 to datafile copy /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile2.dbf. Elapsed time: 0:01:18
checkpoint is 1166189
last deallocation scn is 1090388
後設資料顯示只有datafile 1，不奇怪，剛剛建立控制檔案的時候只帶了一個sysem檔案，那麼我們就需要重建控制檔案以便帶上所有需要恢復的datafiles
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA11G" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/tmp/2015_05_02/redo01.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '/tmp/2015_05_02/redo02.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '/tmp/2015_05_02/redo03.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf',
'/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile2.dbf',
'/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile3.dbf',
'/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile4.dbf',
'/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile5.dbf',
'/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile6.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 217157632 bytes
Fixed Size 2211928 bytes
Variable Size 159387560 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5226496 bytes
SQL>
SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA11G" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
2 MAXLOGFILES 16
3 MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
4 MAXDATAFILES 100
5 MAXINSTANCES 8
6 MAXLOGHISTORY 292
7 LOGFILE
8 GROUP 1 '/tmp/2015_05_02/redo01.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
9 GROUP 2 '/tmp/2015_05_02/redo02.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
10 GROUP 3 '/tmp/2015_05_02/redo03.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
11 -- STANDBY LOGFILE
12 DATAFILE
13 '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf',
14 '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile2.dbf',
15 '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile3.dbf',
16 '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile4.dbf',
17 '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile5.dbf',
18 '/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile6.dbf'
19 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
20 ;
Control file created.
SQL>
SQL> set line 9999 pagesize 9999
SQL> col FILE_NAME format a50
SQL> select file#,name FILE_NAME,status from v$datafile;
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
1 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf SYSTEM
2 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile2.dbf RECOVER
3 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile3.dbf RECOVER
4 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile4.dbf RECOVER
5 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile5.dbf RECOVER
6 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile6.dbf RECOVER
6 rows selected.
SQL>
若是該備份不是冷備份，那麼我們需要recover database，我們需要catalog 包括archivelog的backuppiece，然後restore archivelog，然後再recover
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun May 3 16:21:53 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4270446895, not open)
RMAN> list backupset;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
specification does not match any backup in the repository
RMAN> catalog start with '/tmp/2015_05_02/';
searching for all files that match the pattern /tmp/2015_05_02/
List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154451_bn903mln_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154402_bn9022tb_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T154404_bn9025w1_.bkp
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154451_bn903mln_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154402_bn9022tb_.bkp
File Name: /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T154404_bn9025w1_.bkp
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 2015-05-03 16:23:31
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=96 device type=DISK
starting media recovery
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=17
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154451_bn903mln_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154451_bn903mln_.bkp tag=TAG20150502T154451
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_17_874246769.dbf thread=1 sequence=17
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=18
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 05/03/2015 16:23:34
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 18 and starting SCN of 1166209
RMAN> recover database until sequence 18;
Starting recover at 2015-05-03 16:23:44
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 2015-05-03 16:23:44
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
database opened
RMAN>
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@orcltest dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun May 3 16:41:58 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> show parameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string ORA11G
db_unique_name string ORA11G
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string tmp
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
processor_group_name string
service_names string ORA11G
SQL>
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 250560512 bytes
Fixed Size 2227256 bytes
Variable Size 192938952 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5062656 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> set line 9999 pagesize 9999
SQL> col FILE_NAME format a50
SQL> select file#,name FILE_NAME,status from v$datafile;
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
1 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf SYSTEM
2 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile2.dbf ONLINE
3 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile3.dbf ONLINE
4 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile4.dbf ONLINE
5 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile5.dbf ONLINE
6 /tmp/2015_05_02/datafile6.dbf ONLINE
6 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> col FILE_NAME format a50
SQL> select FILE_NAME,FILE_ID,a.TABLESPACE_NAME, b.status ts_status ,BYTES from dba_data_files a,dba_tablespaces b where a.TABLESPACE_NAME=b.TABLESPACE_NAME;
FILE_NAME FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME TS_STATUS BYTES
-------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ --------- ----------
/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile6.dbf 6 AA ONLINE 5242880
/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile5.dbf 5 EXAMPLE ONLINE 328335360
/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile4.dbf 4 USERS ONLINE 15728640
/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile3.dbf 3 UNDOTBS1 ONLINE 99614720
/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile2.dbf 2 SYSAUX ONLINE 576716800
/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf 1 SYSTEM ONLINE 754974720
6 rows selected.
SQL> select count(1) from lhr.test;
COUNT(1)
----------
75204
recover 過程告警日誌：
Sun May 03 16:39:56 2015
alter database recover datafile list clear
Completed: alter database recover datafile list clear
alter database recover datafile list
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6
Completed: alter database recover datafile list
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6
alter database recover if needed
start until cancel using backup controlfile
Media Recovery Start
started logmerger process
Parallel Media Recovery started with 2 slaves
ORA-279 signalled during: alter database recover if needed
start until cancel using backup controlfile
...
alter database recover logfile '/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_17_874246769.dbf'
Media Recovery Log /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_17_874246769.dbf
ORA-279 signalled during: alter database recover logfile '/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_17_874246769.dbf'...
alter database recover cancel
Media Recovery Canceled
Completed: alter database recover cancel
臨時檔案的處理：
SQL>
SQL> select * from v$tempfile;
no rows selected
SQL> create temporary tablespace TEMP01 tempfile '/tmp/2015_05_02/temp01.dbf' size 100m autoextend on next 10m;
Tablespace created.
SQL> alter database default temporary tablespace temp01;
Database altered.
SQL>
SQL> col name for a100
SQL> select file#,name from v$tempfile;
FILE# NAME
---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 /tmp/2015_05_02/temp01.dbf
SQL>
接下來就是把資料檔案命名格式化，執行如下程式碼：
shutdown immediate;
cp /tmp/2015_05_02/*.dbf /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/
cp /tmp/2015_05_02/*.log /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/
mv datafile1.dbf AA.dbf
mv datafile5.dbf EXAMPLE01.dbf
mv AA.dbf SYSTEM01.dbf
mv datafile4.dbf USERS01.dbf
mv datafile3.dbf UNDOTBS1.dbf
mv datafile2.dbf SYSAUX01.dbf
mv datafile6.dbf AA.dbf
startup mount
alter database rename file'/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile6.dbf' to '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/AA.dbf';
alter database rename file'/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile5.dbf' to '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/EXAMPLE01.dbf';
alter database rename file'/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile4.dbf' to '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/USERS01.dbf';
alter database rename file'/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile3.dbf' to '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/UNDOTBS1.dbf';
alter database rename file'/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile2.dbf' to '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/SYSAUX01.dbf';
alter database rename file'/tmp/2015_05_02/datafile1.dbf' to '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/SYSTEM01.dbf';
SQL> set line 9999 pagesize 9999
SQL> col FILE_NAME format a50
SQL> select file#,name FILE_NAME,status from v$datafile;
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
1 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/SYSTEM01.dbf SYSTEM
2 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/SYSAUX01.dbf ONLINE
3 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/UNDOTBS1.dbf ONLINE
4 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/USERS01.dbf ONLINE
5 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/EXAMPLE01.dbf ONLINE
6 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/AA.dbf ONLINE
6 rows selected.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> set line 9999 pagesize 9999
SQL> col FILE_NAME format a50
SQL> select file#,name FILE_NAME,status from v$datafile;
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- -------------------------------------------------- -------
1 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/SYSTEM01.dbf SYSTEM
2 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/SYSAUX01.dbf ONLINE
3 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/UNDOTBS1.dbf ONLINE
4 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/USERS01.dbf ONLINE
5 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/EXAMPLE01.dbf ONLINE
6 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/AA.dbf ONLINE
6 rows selected.
SQL> col FILE_NAME format a50
SQL> select FILE_NAME,FILE_ID,a.TABLESPACE_NAME, b.status ts_status ,BYTES from dba_data_files a,dba_tablespaces b where a.TABLESPACE_NAME=b.TABLESPACE_NAME;
FILE_NAME FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME TS_STATUS BYTES
-------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------------------ --------- ----------
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/AA.dbf 6 AA ONLINE 5242880
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/EXAMPLE01.dbf 5 EXAMPLE ONLINE 328335360
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/USERS01.dbf 4 USERS ONLINE 15728640
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/UNDOTBS1.dbf 3 UNDOTBS1 ONLINE 99614720
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/SYSAUX01.dbf 2 SYSAUX ONLINE 576716800
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11G/SYSTEM01.dbf 1 SYSTEM ONLINE 754974720
6 rows selected.
SQL>
好了，至此，整個資料庫恢復完成，至於修改INSTANCE_NAME，pfile檔案，密碼檔案、tnsnames檔案，這些都是基本功了，這裡就不贅述了。
1.2 總結
1. 只有備份片段的情況下，我們可以嘗試將備份片註冊到其它資料庫這樣來獲取dbname和dbid
2. 控制檔案備份不存在的情況下，我們可以利用dbms_backup_restore先把1號檔案恢復，然後重建控制檔案後再註冊備份集來獲取其它資料檔案。
3. 可以使用包dbms_backup_restore 在nomount狀態下來嘗試獲取控制檔案的備份
直接透過rman的restore命令來嘗試判斷備份集中是否含有控制檔案的備份
前邊的3篇blog中介紹了，在只剩下一些備份片的情況下如何從這些僅剩的備份片中判斷是否有控制檔案的備份並還原整個資料庫，我們介紹了2種① 推薦： 採用dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo從備份片中來嘗試找回控制檔案 ② 嘗試採用建立臨時庫來找回控制檔案 ③ 採用作業系統命令的strings來判斷（私聊） ，今天我們來看看如何直接透過rman的restore命令來嘗試判斷備份集中是否含有控制檔案的備份，這也是一種推薦的方法。
假設，現在我們只有下邊的4個備份片段，不知道dbid和db_name，如果db_name不知道的話，可以任意指定一個例項名，然後嘗試從rman來啟動到nomount，這個時候會啟動預設的DUMMY資料庫，然後從各個備份集中來嘗試恢復控制檔案，如果控制檔案不在備份集中那麼就只能重建控制檔案了，參考 http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1621672/
[oracle@orcltest ~]$ cd /tmp/2015_05_02/
[oracle@orcltest 2015_05_02]$ ll
total 1161972
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 10125312 May 4 14:23 01q63iof_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 31271424 May 2 15:49 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154402_bn9022tb_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 4096 May 2 15:49 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154451_bn903mln_.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1148452864 May 2 15:49 o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T154404_bn9025w1_.bkp
[oracle@orcltest 2015_05_02]$
[oracle@orcltest ~]$ ORACLE_SID=TEST
[oracle@orcltest ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon May 4 14:27:00 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
RMAN> startup nomount;
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initTEST.ora'
starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 158662656 bytes
Fixed Size 2211448 bytes
Variable Size 92275080 bytes
Database Buffers 58720256 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154402_bn9022tb_.bkp';
Starting restore at 2015-05-04 14:28:03
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=87 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 05/04/2015 14:28:04
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154402_bn9022tb_.bkp
ORA-19626: backup set type is archived log - can not be processed by this conversation
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154451_bn903mln_.bkp';
Starting restore at 2015-05-04 14:28:20
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 05/04/2015 14:28:20
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150502T154451_bn903mln_.bkp
ORA-19626: backup set type is archived log - can not be processed by this conversation
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/tmp/2015_05_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150502T154404_bn9025w1_.bkp';
Starting restore at 2015-05-04 14:28:33
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 05/04/2015 14:28:34
ORA-19697: standby control file not found in backup set
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/tmp/2015_05_02/01q63iof_1_1';
Starting restore at 2015-05-04 14:28:59
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/cntrlTEST.dbf
Finished restore at 2015-05-04 14:29:00
RMAN> alter database mount;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 05/04/2015 14:44:38
ORA-01103: database name 'ORA11G' in control file is not 'DUMMY'
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@orcltest ~]$
[oracle@orcltest ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon May 4 14:44:21 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: DUMMY (not mounted)
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@orcltest ~]$ ps -ef|grep ora_
oracle 25153 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_TEST
oracle 25155 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_vktm_TEST
oracle 25159 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen0_TEST
oracle 25161 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_diag_TEST
oracle 25163 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbrm_TEST
oracle 25165 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_TEST
oracle 25167 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_dia0_TEST
oracle 25169 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_mman_TEST
oracle 25171 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_TEST
oracle 25173 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_TEST
oracle 25175 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_TEST
oracle 25177 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_TEST
oracle 25179 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_TEST
oracle 25181 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmon_TEST
oracle 25183 1 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_TEST
oracle 25255 25216 0 14:46 pts/3 00:00:00 grep ora_
[oracle@orcltest ~]$
嘗試的過程中可以看到，能識別出是不是歸檔檔案的備份集，是不是資料檔案的備份集，最後mount的時候還可以識別出控制檔案中記錄的db_name，如果包含控制檔案的話，就可以直接來恢復控制檔案了，控制檔案恢復了其他恢復都很簡單了。
About Me
...............................................................................................................................
● 本文作者：小麥苗，只專注於資料庫的技術，更注重技術的運用
● 本文在itpub（http://blog.itpub.net/26736162）、部落格園（http://www.cnblogs.com/lhrbest）和個人微信公眾號（xiaomaimiaolhr）上有同步更新
● 本文itpub地址：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1621581/
● 本文部落格園地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/lhrbest
● 本文pdf版及小麥苗雲盤地址：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1624453/
● 資料庫筆試面試題庫及解答：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2134706/
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● 聯絡我請加QQ好友(646634621)，註明新增緣由
● 於 2017-07-01 09:00 ~ 2017-07-31 22:00 在魔都完成
● 文章內容來源於小麥苗的學習筆記，部分整理自網路，若有侵權或不當之處還請諒解
● 版權所有，歡迎分享本文，轉載請保留出處
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