結論

1，資料庫測試環境為10.2.0.5
2，dba_segments可以反映資料庫實時大小的變化
3, v$rman_output記錄RMAN客戶端連線到資料庫形成的資料庫會話，經測發現RMAN客戶端連線會形成2個會話，在備份會增加到3個會話
4，官方說，RMAN的備份不能跨作業系統平臺，但可以跨資料庫版本，可見RMAN備份也不能萬能的，如果跨平臺恢復採用什麼技術呢，是EXPDP還是OGG，
也是我們要考慮的因素

5，如果在RMAN備份後，變更DB_NAME仍可以用於恢復資料庫，可見DBID才是確認資料庫備份集唯一的標識
6，資料庫的0級增量備份等同於全庫備份，不過前者是增量備份的基礎，而後者不是
7，1級增量備份只會備份資料庫變更的資料塊，它又分為累積備份或者差異備份

先說累積備份，它只會備份自最近一次0級增量備份後發生變化的資料塊

再看差異備份，它只會備份自最近一次0級增量備份或最近一次1級增量備份，發生變化的資料塊

而且可以在主備庫（DATA GUARD），可以把在備庫的1級備份應用到主庫的0級備份上，或者在主庫把1級備份應用到備庫的0級備份上
，可見在DG環境下，備份是可以互用的

8，0級增量備份可以是映象備份，也可以是備份集，但是1級增量備份只能是備份集

9，經查官方及測試，只能對資料檔案，或資料檔案映象或控制檔案進行映象COPY,而不能對整個資料庫進行映象COPY,且映象COPY某個資料檔案，會同時COPY控制檔案，所以建立的檔名要是一個變數名稱，而不能固定檔名稱
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 1 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy';

測試

SQL> select * from v$version where rownum=1;

BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bi

SQL> select sum(bytes/1024/1024/1024) as total_db_gb from dba_segments;

TOTAL_DB_GB
-----------
.553833008

SQL> show user
USER is "SCOTT"

SQL> create table t_rman(a int);

Table created.

SQL> insert into t_rman select level from dual connect by level<=1000000;

1000000 rows created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> insert into t_rman select level from dual connect by level<=1000000;

1000000 rows created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

---可見dba_segments是實時反映資料庫的大小的
SQL> select sum(bytes/1024/1024/1024) as total_db_gb from dba_segments;

TOTAL_DB_GB
-----------
.587341309

---為了方便，加大資料量到1G左右
SQL> create table t_rman_2 as select * from t_rman;

Table created.

SQL> create table t_rman_3 as select * from t_rman;

Table created.

SQL> create table t_rman_4 as select * from t_rman;

Table created.

SQL> select sum(bytes/1024/1024/1024) as total_db_gb from dba_segments;

TOTAL_DB_GB
-----------
1.01141357

---官方說，RMAN不會備份BFILE的表
SQL> conn scott/system
Connected.
SQL> create table t_bfile(a bfile);

Table created.

SQL> conn scott/system
Connected.

---bfile列查詢會報錯，不能直接查詢
SQL> select * from t_bfile;
SP2-0678: Column or attribute type can not be displayed by SQL*Plus
SQL> select count(*) from t_bfile;

COUNT(*)
----------
0

SQL> select file#,name from v$datafile;

FILE# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
2 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
3 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
4 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf

RMAN> backup datafile 4 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak%u_%s.bak';

Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=143 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak02qo72vs_2.bak tag=TAG20151207T083820 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15

---學習下v$rman_output
SQL> desc v$rman_output;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
SID NUMBER
RECID NUMBER
STAMP NUMBER
SESSION_RECID NUMBER
SESSION_STAMP NUMBER
OUTPUT VARCHAR2(130)
RMAN_STATUS_RECID NUMBER
RMAN_STATUS_STAMP NUMBER
SESSION_KEY NUMBER

SQL> select sid,recid,session_recid from v$rman_output;

SID RECID SESSION_RECID
---------- ---------- -------------
145 1 4
145 2 4
145 3 4
145 4 4
145 5 4
145 6 4
145 7 4
145 8 4
145 9 4
145 10 4
145 11 4

SID RECID SESSION_RECID
---------- ---------- -------------
145 12 4
145 13 4
145 14 4
145 15 4
145 16 4

16 rows selected.

SQL> select sid,program,event from v$session where type='USER';

SID PROGRAM EVENT
---------- ------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------
159 sqlplus@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message to client

[ora10g@seconary 10garch]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Dec 7 10:55:03 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ASIA (DBID=1160891135)

RMAN>

---可會一個RMAN連線會產生2個ORACLE會話
SQL> select sid,program,event from v$session where type='USER';

SID PROGRAM EVENT
---------- ------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------
143 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
144 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
159 sqlplus@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message to client

RMAN> backup datafile 4 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak%u_%s.bak';

Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=145 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15

---可見開始RMAN備份時，相應會話會增加到3個
SQL> select sid,program,event from v$session where type='USER';

SID PROGRAM EVENT
---------- ------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------
143 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
144 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
145 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) RMAN backup & recovery I/O
159 sqlplus@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message to client

input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak03qo7b1h_3.bak tag=TAG20151207T105545 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15

---可見RMAN備份完，還是之前的3個會話
SQL> select sid,program,event from v$session where type='USER';

SID PROGRAM EVENT
---------- ------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------
143 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
144 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
145 rman@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message from client
159 sqlplus@seconary (TNS V1-V3) SQL*Net message to client

---可見上述的RMAN會話會在v$rman_output反應記錄來，且每個rman會話會對應多條記錄，好像還有一個RMAN會話沒有儲存在V$RMAN_output中
SQL> select sid,recid,session_recid from v$rman_output where sid in (143,144,145) order by 1,2;

SID RECID SESSION_RECID
---------- ---------- -------------
143 20 6
143 21 6
143 22 6
143 23 6
143 24 6
143 25 7
143 26 7
143 27 7
143 28 7
143 29 7
143 30 7

SID RECID SESSION_RECID
---------- ---------- -------------
143 31 7
143 32 7
143 33 7
143 34 7
143 35 7
143 36 7
143 37 7
143 38 7
143 39 7
143 40 7
145 1 4

SID RECID SESSION_RECID
---------- ---------- -------------
145 2 4
145 3 4
145 4 4
145 5 4
145 6 4
145 7 4
145 8 4
145 9 4
145 10 4
145 11 4
145 12 4

SID RECID SESSION_RECID
---------- ---------- -------------
145 13 4
145 14 4
145 15 4
145 16 4
145 17 4
145 18 4
145 19 4

40 rows selected.

---資料庫的0級增量備份等同於全庫備份，不過前者是增量備份的基礎，而後者不是
RMAN> backup incremental level 0 database format '/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_%u_%s.bak';

Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=143 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_04qo7djd_4.bak tag=TAG20151207T113925 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:26
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_05qo7dm3_5.bak tag=TAG20151207T113925 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15

---1級增量備份只會備份資料庫變更的資料塊，它又分為累積備份或者差異備份

先說累積備份，它只會備份自最近一次0級增量備份後發生變化的資料塊

再看差異備份，它只會備份自最近一次0級增量備份或最近一次1級增量備份，發生變化的資料塊

而且可以在主備庫（DATA GUARD），可以把在備庫的1級備份應用到主庫的0級備份上，或者在主庫把1級備份應用到備庫的0級備份上
，可見在DG環境下，備份是可以互用的

---0級增量備份可以是映象備份，也可以是備份集，但是1級增量備份只能是備份集

---基於上述的測試環境繼續，下為0級增量備份後（以備份集方式進行）進行資料庫變操作

RMAN> list backup of database;

List of Backup Sets
===================

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 Full 458.08M DISK 00:00:28 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T083820
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak02qo72vs_2.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 1
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
4 Full 4295373387 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 458.08M DISK 00:00:24 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T105545
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak03qo7b1h_3.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
4 Full 4295376855 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Incr 0 873.69M DISK 00:01:17 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T113925
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_04qo7djd_4.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
2 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
3 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
4 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf

SQL> create table t_diff(a int);

Table created.

SQL> insert into t_diff values(1);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

RMAN> backup cumulative incremental level 1 database format '/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_%u_%s.bak';

Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_06qo7gr9_6.bak tag=TAG20151207T123449 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_07qo7gt0_7.bak tag=TAG20151207T123449 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15

RMAN> list backup of database;

List of Backup Sets
===================

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 Full 458.08M DISK 00:00:28 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T083820
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak02qo72vs_2.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 1
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
4 Full 4295373387 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 458.08M DISK 00:00:24 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T105545
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak03qo7b1h_3.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
4 Full 4295376855 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Incr 0 873.69M DISK 00:01:17 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T113925
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_04qo7djd_4.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
2 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
3 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
4 0 Incr 4295377930 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------- ---這個就是上述新增的1級累積增量備份集
5 Incr 1 2.76M DISK 00:00:54 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T123449
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_06qo7gr9_6.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 5
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 1 Incr 4295379258 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
2 1 Incr 4295379258 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
3 1 Incr 4295379258 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
4 1 Incr 4295379258 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf

---現在我們刪除所有的資料庫備份集，然後開始測試0級增量備份採用映象備份方式進行
RMAN> delete noprompt backup of database;

using channel ORA_DISK_1

List of Backup Pieces
BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
1 1 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak02qo72vs_2.bak
2 2 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak03qo7b1h_3.bak
3 3 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_04qo7djd_4.bak
5 5 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_06qo7gr9_6.bak
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak02qo72vs_2.bak recid=1 stamp=897813500
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_bak03qo7b1h_3.bak recid=2 stamp=897821745
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_04qo7djd_4.bak recid=3 stamp=897824365
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_06qo7gr9_6.bak recid=5 stamp=897827689
Deleted 4 objects

---crosscheck試用場景，還要進一步理解，掌握不足
RMAN> crosscheck backup of database;

using channel ORA_DISK_1

RMAN> crosscheck backupset;

using channel ORA_DISK_1
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_05qo7dm3_5.bak recid=4 stamp=897824453
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_07qo7gt0_7.bak recid=6 stamp=897827746
Crosschecked 2 objects

SQL> select file#,name from v$datafile;

FILE# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
2 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
3 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
4 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf

---經查官方及測試，只能對資料檔案，或資料檔案映象或控制檔案進行映象COPY,而不能對整個資料庫進行映象COPY,且映象COPY某個資料檔案，會同時COPY控制檔案，所以建立的檔名要是一個變數名稱，而不能固定檔名稱
RMAN> backup as copy datafile 1 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy';

Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00001 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
output filename=/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy tag=TAG20151207T125850 recid=1 stamp=897829151
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
copying current control file
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 12/07/2015 12:59:15
ORA-01580: error creating control backup file /home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy
ORA-27038: created file already exists
Additional information: 1
continuing other job steps, job failed will not be re-run
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 12/07/2015 12:59:18
ORA-19504: failed to create file "/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy"
ORA-27038: created file already exists
Additional information: 1

RMAN> backup as copy datafile 1 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy_%u_%s.bak';

Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00001 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
output filename=/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy_0dqo7iet_13.bak tag=TAG20151207T130221 recid=2 stamp=897829361
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
copying current control file
output filename=/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy_0eqo7ifm_14.bak tag=TAG20151207T130221 recid=3 stamp=897829367
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy_0fqo7ifn_15.bak tag=TAG20151207T130221 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15

--可見list backup of database只會顯示備份集檔案，而不會顯示映象COPY檔案
RMAN> list backup of database;

--如下顯示映象COPY檔案
RMAN> list copy of database;

List of Datafile Copies
Key File S Completion Time Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
------- ---- - --------------- ---------- --------------- ----
2 1 A 07-DEC-15 4295379983 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy_0dqo7iet_13.bak
1 1 A 07-DEC-15 4295379848 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy

RMAN> list copy of datafile 1;

List of Datafile Copies
Key File S Completion Time Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
------- ---- - --------------- ---------- --------------- ----
2 1 A 07-DEC-15 4295379983 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy_0dqo7iet_13.bak
1 1 A 07-DEC-15 4295379848 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/nettest/file1_copy

RMAN> backup as copy datafile 2 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file2_copy_%u_%s.bak';

Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00002 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
output filename=/home/ora10g/nettest/file2_copy_0gqo7ijr_16.bak tag=TAG20151207T130458 recid=4 stamp=897829514
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15

RMAN> backup as copy datafile 3 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file3_copy_%u_%s.bak';

Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00003 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
output filename=/home/ora10g/nettest/file3_copy_0hqo7ilk_17.bak tag=TAG20151207T130556 recid=5 stamp=897829566
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15

RMAN> backup as copy datafile 4 format '/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_copy_%u_%s.bak';

Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
output filename=/home/ora10g/nettest/file4_copy_0iqo7imq_18.bak tag=TAG20151207T130634 recid=6 stamp=897829613
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15

---可見0級增量備份也可以是每個資料檔案的映象COPY
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 cumulative database format '/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_%u_%s.bak';

Starting backup at 07-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_0jqo7ipo_19.bak tag=TAG20151207T130808 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:36
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-DEC-15
piece handle=/home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_0kqo7iuk_20.bak tag=TAG20151207T130808 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 07-DEC-15

RMAN> list backup of database;

List of Backup Sets
===================

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
10 Incr 1 1.15G DISK 00:02:34 07-DEC-15
BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151207T130808
Piece Name: /home/ora10g/nettest/db_incre_level_0_0jqo7ipo_19.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 10
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 1 Incr 4295380246 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/system01.dbf
2 1 Incr 4295380246 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/undotbs01.dbf
3 1 Incr 4295380246 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/sysaux01.dbf
4 1 Incr 4295380246 07-DEC-15 /home/ora10g/asia/asia/users01.dbf

由某公司案例進一步掌握rman備份與恢復backup restore recovery系列一

結論

測試

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