同事在QQ群提出的rman restore spfile報錯ORA-15046的問題
個人簡介：
8年oracle從業經驗，具備豐富的oracle技能，目前在國內北京某專業oracle服務公司從事高階技術顧問。
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問題現象:
同事在QQ聊天時，提出瞭如下問題：
同事
RMAN> restore spfile from '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0gph36hl_1_1';
Starting restore at 28-AUG-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0gph36hl_1_1
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/28/2014 14:16:06
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0gph36hl_1_1
ORA-32015: unable to restore SPFILE
ORA-17502: ksfdcre:4 Failed to create file +DGDATA/kevy/parameterfile/spfile.272.849898697
ORA-15046: ASM file name '+DGDATA/kevy/parameterfile/spfile.272.849898697' is not in single-file creation form
同事
恢復spfile恢復不出來
同事
誰幫看看
問題現象:
同事在QQ聊天時，提出瞭如下問題：
同事
RMAN> restore spfile from '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0gph36hl_1_1';
Starting restore at 28-AUG-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0gph36hl_1_1
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/28/2014 14:16:06
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0gph36hl_1_1
ORA-32015: unable to restore SPFILE
ORA-17502: ksfdcre:4 Failed to create file +DGDATA/kevy/parameterfile/spfile.272.849898697
ORA-15046: ASM file name '+DGDATA/kevy/parameterfile/spfile.272.849898697' is not in single-file creation form
同事
恢復spfile恢復不出來
同事
誰幫看看
測試問題：
1,檢視spfile路徑
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_
1/dbs/spfileora11204.ora
2,備份資料庫spfile
-bash-3.2$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Aug 28 03:51:14 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11204 (DBID=1387584650)
RMAN> backup spfile format '+DATA/ora11204/spfilebak_%u';
Starting backup at 28-AUG-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=34 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 28-AUG-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 28-AUG-14
piece handle=+DATA/ora11204/spfilebak_02ph242h tag=TAG20140828T035143 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 28-AUG-14
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 28-AUG-14
piece handle=/11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-1387584650-20140828-00 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 28-AUG-14
3,刪除當前spfile
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
-bash-3.2$ mv /11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfileora11204.ora /11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfileora11204.ora.orig
-bash-3.2$
4，恢復spfile
啟動資料庫提示找不到spfile
-bash-3.2$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Aug 28 03:58:02 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA/ora11204/spfileora11204.ora'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/ora11204/spfileora11204.ora
ORA-15056: additional error message
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/ora11204/spfileora11204.ora
ORA-15173: entry 'spfileora11204.ora' does not exist in directory 'ora11204'
ORA-06512: at line 4
SQL> exit
Disconnected
5,資料庫未啟動情況不能恢復spfile
-bash-3.2$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Aug 28 03:58:44 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
RMAN> restore spfile from '+DATA/ora11204/spfilebak_02ph242h';
Starting restore at 28-AUG-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/28/2014 03:59:10
RMAN-12010: automatic channel allocation initialization failed
RMAN-06403: could not obtain a fully authorized session
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
6,手工建立最簡單的pfile
-bash-3.2$ pwd
/11204rdbms
-bash-3.2$ env|grep SID
ORACLE_SID=ora11204
-bash-3.2$ more initora11204.ora
db_name=ora11204
7,使用上述的手工spfile啟動資料庫到nomount
-bash-3.2$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Aug 28 04:05:10 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount pfile='/11204rdbms/initora11204.ora'
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 217157632 bytes
Fixed Size 2251816 bytes
Variable Size 159384536 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5189632 bytes
SQL>
8,在RMAN介面下恢復spfile
-bash-3.2$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Aug 28 04:06:23 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11204 (not mounted)
RMAN> restore spfile to '/11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfileora11204.ora' from '+DATA/ora11204/spfilebak_02ph242h';
Starting restore at 28-AUG-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP +DATA/ora11204/spfilebak_02ph242h
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 28-AUG-14
9,關閉資料庫
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
10,啟動資料庫
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2137886720 bytes
Fixed Size 2254952 bytes
Variable Size 553650072 bytes
Database Buffers 1577058304 bytes
Redo Buffers 4923392 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
11,確認spfile
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_
1/dbs/spfileora11204.ora
12,備份spfile
-bash-3.2$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Aug 28 04:11:00 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11204 (DBID=1387584650)
RMAN> backup spfile format '+DATA/ora11204/spfilebak_%u_2';
Starting backup at 28-AUG-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=33 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 28-AUG-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 28-AUG-14
piece handle=+DATA/ora11204/spfilebak_04ph257v_2 tag=TAG20140828T041142 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:12
Finished backup at 28-AUG-14
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 28-AUG-14
piece handle=/11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-1387584650-20140828-01 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 28-AUG-14
13,關閉資料庫
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
14,透過rman把spfile儲存到asm中
RMAN> restore spfile to '+DATA/ora11204/spfile.ora' from '+DATA/ora11204/spfilebak_04ph257v_2';
Starting restore at 28-AUG-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP +DATA/ora11204/spfilebak_04ph257v_2
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 28-AUG-14
發現spfile還是在檔案系統中，並沒有還原到ASM上
15,查閱官方文件，發現資料庫不能覆蓋正在使用的SPFILE，所以沒辦法移動檔案
| SPFILE [TO [PFILE]'filename'] |
Restores a primary or standby server parameter file to the location from which it was backed up (default), or to a different location specified by the TO clause. RMAN cannot overwrite a server parameter file currently in use by the target database.
Specify UNTIL or TAG options of RESTORE to restore older versions of the server parameter file. By default RMAN restores the most current server parameter file. If the server parameter file is lost, connect to the target (and catalog if used) and then run SET DBID. Run FORCE NOMOUNT before running RESTORE SPFILE (with FROM AUTOBACKUP if in NOCATALOG mode). Then run STARTUP FORCE to restart the database with the restored server parameter file. See Also: |
16,嘗試恢復spfile到指定路徑的pfile
RMAN> restore spfile to pfile '/11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/zxy_pfile.ora' from '+DATA/ora11204/spfilebak_04ph257v_2';
Starting restore at 28-AUG-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP +DATA/ora11204/spfilebak_04ph257v_2
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 28-AUG-14
17,透過上述的pfile建立間接生成在ASM中的spfile
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount pfile
SP2-0714: invalid combination of STARTUP options
SQL> startup nomount pfile=''/11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/zxy_pfile.ora'
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file ''/11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/zxy_pfile.ora'
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
SQL> startup nomount pfile='/11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/zxy_pfile.ora'
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2137886720 bytes
Fixed Size 2254952 bytes
Variable Size 553650072 bytes
Database Buffers 1577058304 bytes
Redo Buffers 4923392 bytes
SQL> create spfile='+DATA/ora11204/ora11204_spfile.ora' from pfile='/11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/zxy_pfile.ora'
2 ;
File created.
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01507: database not mounted
ORACLE instance shut down.
還是不成功
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA/ora11204/spfileora11204.ora'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/ora11204/spfileora11204.ora
ORA-15056: additional error message
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/ora11204/spfileora11204.ora
ORA-15173: entry 'spfileora11204.ora' does not exist in directory 'ora11204'
ORA-06512: at line 4
18,第3次嘗試其它方法還原spfile到ASM
18.1,檢視spfile
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_
1/dbs/spfileora11204.ora
SQL>
18.2,根據spfile生成pfile
SQL> create pfile='/11204rdbms/ora11204pfile.ora' from spfile;
File created.
18.3,移動spfile到asm
SQL> create spfile='+DATA' from pfile='/11204rdbms/ora11204pfile.ora';
File created.
18.4,檢視最新生成的asm spfile
ASMCMD> pwd
+data/ora11204/parameterfile
ASMCMD> ls
spfile.268.856758321
spfile.269.856759467
spfile.270.856760561
18.5檢視initora初始化引數檔案，你會發現仍指向舊的位置
-bash-3.2$ pwd
/11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs
-bash-3.2$ more initora11204.ora
SPFILE='+DATA/ora11204/spfileora11204.ora'
18.6,修正指向新的ASM位置
-bash-3.2$ more initora11204.ora
SPFILE='+data/ora11204/parameterfile/spfile.270.856760561'
18.7,刪除如下的spfile
-bash-3.2$ pwd
/11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs
-bash-3.2$ ll
total 28824
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11204 asmadmin 9830400 Aug 28 03:52 c-1387584650-20140828-00
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11204 asmadmin 9830400 Aug 28 04:12 c-1387584650-20140828-01
drwxr-x--- 2 oracle11204 asmadmin 4096 Mar 26 01:27 core_28395
drwxr-x--- 2 oracle11204 asmadmin 4096 Mar 26 01:27 core_28424
drwxr-x--- 2 oracle11204 asmadmin 4096 Mar 26 01:27 core_28426
drwxr-x--- 2 oracle11204 asmadmin 4096 Mar 26 01:27 core_28531
drwxr-x--- 2 oracle11204 asmadmin 4096 Mar 26 01:27 core_28539
drwxr-x--- 2 oracle11204 asmadmin 4096 Mar 26 01:27 core_28544
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle11204 asmadmin 1544 Mar 25 05:58 hc_ora11204.dat
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11204 oinstall 2851 May 15 2009 init.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11204 oinstall 59 Aug 28 05:06 initora11204.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11204 asmadmin 24 Mar 25 06:00 lkORA11204
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11204 asmadmin 2560 Aug 28 04:35 newly_spfile.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11204 oinstall 1536 Mar 25 06:02 orapwora11204
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11204 asmadmin 9748480 Aug 28 04:12 snapcf_ora11204.f
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11204 asmadmin 2560 Aug 28 04:55 spfileora11204.ora
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11204 asmadmin 611 Aug 28 04:41 zxy_pfile.ora
-bash-3.2$ mv spfileora11204.ora spfileora11204.ora.orig
18.8,重啟資料庫
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2137886720 bytes
Fixed Size 2254952 bytes
Variable Size 553650072 bytes
Database Buffers 1577058304 bytes
Redo Buffers 4923392 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
18.9,檢視spfile
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string +DATA/ora11204/parameterfile/s
pfile.270.856760561
19,備份spfile到檔案系統
RMAN> backup spfile format '/11204rdbms/spfilebackup_%u';
Starting backup at 28-AUG-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=34 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 28-AUG-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 28-AUG-14
piece handle=/11204rdbms/spfilebackup_06ph290t tag=TAG20140828T051612 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 28-AUG-14
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 28-AUG-14
piece handle=/11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-1387584650-20140828-02 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 28-AUG-14
20,關閉資料庫
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
21,手工刪除asm spfile
ASMCMD> cd +DATA/ora11204/parameterfile/
ASMCMD> ls
spfile.268.856758321
spfile.269.856759467
spfile.270.856760561
ASMCMD> rm spfile.270.856760561
ASMCMD> ls
spfile.268.856758321
spfile.269.856759467
22,啟動提示找不到spfile
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+data/ora11204/parameterfile/spfile.270.856760561'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +data/ora11204/parameterfile/spfile.270.856760561
ORA-15056: additional error message
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/ora11204/parameterfile/spfile.270.856760561
ORA-15173: entry 'spfile.270.856760561' does not exist in directory 'parameterfile'
ORA-06512: at line 4
23,手工建立pfile
-bash-3.2$ more initora11204.ora
db_name=ora11204
24,採用手工spfile啟動資料庫到nomount
SQL> startup nomount pfile='/11204rdbms/initora11204.ora'
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 217157632 bytes
Fixed Size 2251816 bytes
Variable Size 159384536 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5189632 bytes
25,在rman恢復spfile
RMAN> restore spfile from '/11204rdbms/spfilebackup_06ph290t';
Starting restore at 28-AUG-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /11204rdbms/spfilebackup_06ph290t
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/28/2014 05:23:42
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /11204rdbms/spfilebackup_06ph290t
ORA-32015: unable to restore SPFILE
ORA-17502: ksfdcre:4 Failed to create file +DATA/ora11204/parameterfile/spfile.270.856760561
ORA-15046: ASM file name '+DATA/ora11204/parameterfile/spfile.270.856760561' is not in single-file creation form
26,根據startup提示報錯指定恢復spfile到目標地，同樣報錯
RMAN> restore spfile to '+data/ora11204/parameterfile/spfile.270.856760561' from '/11204rdbms/spfilebackup_06ph290t';
Starting restore at 28-AUG-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /11204rdbms/spfilebackup_06ph290t
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/28/2014 05:24:50
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /11204rdbms/spfilebackup_06ph290t
ORA-32015: unable to restore SPFILE
ORA-17502: ksfdcre:4 Failed to create file +DATA/ora11204/parameterfile/spfile.270.856760561
ORA-15046: ASM file name '+DATA/ora11204/parameterfile/spfile.270.856760561' is not in single-file creation form
27,檢視未恢復前的asmcmd中的資訊
ASMCMD> pwd
+data
ASMCMD> ls
ORA11204/
28,不指定目標地，僅指定磁碟組名稱，還原成功
RMAN> restore spfile to '+data' from '/11204rdbms/spfilebackup_06ph290t';
Starting restore at 28-AUG-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /11204rdbms/spfilebackup_06ph290t
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 28-AUG-14
29,恢復spfile後asmcmd資訊，可見多了db_unknown目錄
ASMCMD> ls
ORA11204/
ASMCMD> ls
DB_UNKNOWN/
ORA11204/
30,如下為恢復出來的spfile
ASMCMD> pwd
+data/DB_UNKNOWN/parameterfile
ASMCMD> ls
SPFILE.270.856763209
31，關閉資料庫
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
32，調整$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initora11204.ora
-bash-3.2$ pwd
/11204rdbms/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs
-bash-3.2$ more initora11204.ora
SPFILE='+data/ora11204/parameterfile/spfile.270.856760561'
-bash-3.2$ more initora11204.ora
SPFILE='+data/DB_UNKNOWN/parameterfile/SPFILE.270.856763209'
33，啟動資料庫
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2137886720 bytes
Fixed Size 2254952 bytes
Variable Size 553650072 bytes
Database Buffers 1577058304 bytes
Redo Buffers 4923392 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
34，檢視spfile
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string +DATA/db_unknown/parameterfile
/spfile.270.856763209
測試結論
1,spfile可以在檔案系統及asm之間自由移動
2,spfile由檔案系統移動到asm一定要及時調整$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initora11204.ora內容
指向最新的spfile檔案
3,如果spfile是儲存在asm，一旦損壞，恢復時，只需指定到磁碟組即可，最終產生的spfile檔名
由asm內部動態生成，並且最新生成的檔名稱和原來的spfile名稱不同
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/9240380/viewspace-1259726/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。
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