[20170627]使用TSPITR恢復表空間.txt

--//RMAN提供了一種實現所謂TSPITR(Tablespace Point-In-Time Recovery)的技術，透過簡單的一個語句，就可以在主庫不停庫(很吸引人)
--//的情況下，利用備份集和連續的歸檔日誌，實現表空間級別的定點恢復。

--//實際上rman就是把人工一步一步執行的命令打包,執行恢復工作,減輕dba負擔.我一直認為這個不是很實用,前幾天做了利用傳輸表空
--//間的測試,感覺那個更實用一些.
--//blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2141166/=>[20170623]利用傳輸表空間恢復部分資料.txt

--//因為當誤操作發生時,許多事務還是作用在這個表空間,為了取消這個誤操作,要恢復到表空間特定的時間點.而丟失一些事務,
--//總之dba要選擇這樣的操作時要權衡利弊.

--//實際上,以前也做過類似的測試,只不過沒有寫出來,今天完善這方面的內容,做一個測試:

1.環境:
SCOTT@book> @ &r/ver1
PORT_STRING VERSION BANNER
------------------------------ -------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx 11.2.0.4.0 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

SCOTT@book> create table emp2 tablespace tea as select * from emp ;
Table created.

SCOTT@book> create table dept2 tablespace tea as select * from dept ;
Table created.

SCOTT@book> create table t tablespace tea as select * from all_objects ;
Table created.

SCOTT@book> alter system archive log current ;
System altered.

2.做一次rman全備份:
backup database format '/home/oracle/backup/full_20170627_%U.bak';
backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/backup/archive_20170627_%U';

3.開始模擬誤操作.

SCOTT@book> set numw 12
SCOTT@book> select current_scn,sysdate from v$database;
CURRENT_SCN SYSDATE
------------ -------------------
13276934358 2017-06-27 09:05:36

SCOTT@book> truncate table emp2;
Table truncated.

SCOTT@book> drop table dept2 purge ;
Table dropped.

SCOTT@book> select count(*) from t ;
COUNT(*)
------------
84762

SCOTT@book> delete from t where owner='SYS';
37354 rows deleted.

SCOTT@book> commit;
Commit complete.

SCOTT@book> select count(*) from t ;
COUNT(*)
------------
47408

4.開始恢復看看:
$ mkdir /home/oracle/aux/

--//執行命令: recover tablespace tea until scn 13276934358 auxiliary destination '/home/oracle/aux';

RMAN> recover tablespace tea until scn 13276934358 auxiliary destination '/home/oracle/aux';

Starting recover at 2017-06-27 09:08:39
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=14 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=26 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_3: SID=37 device type=DISK
RMAN-05026: WARNING: presuming following set of tablespaces applies to specified point-in-time

List of tablespaces expected to have UNDO segments
Tablespace SYSTEM
Tablespace UNDOTBS1

Creating automatic instance, with SID='Bndc'

initialization parameters used for automatic instance:
db_name=BOOK
db_unique_name=Bndc_tspitr_BOOK
compatible=11.2.0.4.0
db_block_size=8192
db_files=200
sga_target=1G
processes=80
db_create_file_dest=/home/oracle/aux
log_archive_dest_1='location=/home/oracle/aux'
#No auxiliary parameter file used

starting up automatic instance BOOK

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes

Fixed Size                     2260088 bytes
Variable Size                285213576 bytes
Database Buffers             771751936 bytes
Redo Buffers                   9711616 bytes
Automatic instance created
Running TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK on recovery set tablespaces
TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK completed successfully

contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until scn 13276934358;
# restore the controlfile
restore clone controlfile;
# mount the controlfile
sql clone 'alter database mount clone database';
# archive current online log
sql 'alter system archive log current';
# avoid unnecessary autobackups for structural changes during TSPITR
sql 'begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(FALSE); end;';
}
executing Memory Script

executing command: SET until clause

Starting restore at 2017-06-27 09:08:47
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=127 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_2
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_2: SID=133 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_3
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_3: SID=139 device type=DISK

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/BOOK/autobackup/2017_06_27/o1_mf_s_947754283_do3csclx_.bkp
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/BOOK/autobackup/2017_06_27/o1_mf_s_947754283_do3csclx_.bkp tag=TAG20170627T090443
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/home/oracle/aux/BOOK/controlfile/o1_mf_do3d10mf_.ctl
Finished restore at 2017-06-27 09:08:49

sql statement: alter database mount clone database

sql statement: alter system archive log current

sql statement: begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(FALSE); end;

contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until scn 13276934358;
plsql <<<-- tspitr_2
declare
sqlstatement varchar2(512);
offline_not_needed exception;
pragma exception_init(offline_not_needed, -01539);
begin
sqlstatement := 'alter tablespace '|| 'TEA' ||' offline immediate';
krmicd.writeMsg(6162, sqlstatement);
krmicd.execSql(sqlstatement);
exception
when offline_not_needed then
null;
end; >>>;
# set destinations for recovery set and auxiliary set datafiles
set newname for clone datafile 1 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 3 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 2 to new;
set newname for clone tempfile 1 to new;
set newname for datafile 6 to
"/mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf";
# switch all tempfiles
switch clone tempfile all;
# restore the tablespaces in the recovery set and the auxiliary set
restore clone datafile 1, 3, 2, 6;
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script

executing command: SET until clause
sql statement: alter tablespace TEA offline immediate

executing command: SET NEWNAME

renamed tempfile 1 to /home/oracle/aux/BOOK/datafile/o1_mf_temp_%u_.tmp in control file

Starting restore at 2017-06-27 09:08:54
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_2
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_3

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /home/oracle/aux/BOOK/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/full_20170627_f8s7r50e_1_1.bak
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_2: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00001 to /home/oracle/aux/BOOK/datafile/o1_mf_system_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/full_20170627_f9s7r50e_1_1.bak
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_3: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_3: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_3: restoring datafile 00002 to /home/oracle/aux/BOOK/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_3: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/full_20170627_f7s7r50e_1_1.bak
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/full_20170627_f8s7r50e_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170627T085958
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_2: piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/full_20170627_f9s7r50e_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170627T085958
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_2: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_2: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_3: piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/full_20170627_f7s7r50e_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170627T085958
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_3: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_3: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished restore at 2017-06-27 09:09:09

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=16 STAMP=947754549 file name=/home/oracle/aux/BOOK/datafile/o1_mf_system_do3d16td_.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=17 STAMP=947754549 file name=/home/oracle/aux/BOOK/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_do3d16sz_.dbf
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=18 STAMP=947754549 file name=/home/oracle/aux/BOOK/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_do3d16tf_.dbf

contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until scn 13276934358;
# online the datafiles restored or switched
sql clone "alter database datafile 1 online";
sql clone "alter database datafile 3 online";
sql clone "alter database datafile 2 online";
sql clone "alter database datafile 6 online";
# recover and open resetlogs
recover clone database tablespace "TEA", "SYSTEM", "UNDOTBS1", "SYSAUX" delete archivelog;
alter clone database open resetlogs;
}
executing Memory Script

executing command: SET until clause

sql statement: alter database datafile 1 online

sql statement: alter database datafile 3 online

sql statement: alter database datafile 2 online

sql statement: alter database datafile 6 online

Starting recover at 2017-06-27 09:09:10
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_2
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_3

starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 696 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/archivelog/book/1_696_896605872.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 697 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/archivelog/book/1_697_896605872.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 698 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/archivelog/book/1_698_896605872.dbf
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/archivelog/book/1_696_896605872.dbf thread=1 sequence=696
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/archivelog/book/1_697_896605872.dbf thread=1 sequence=697
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/archivelog/book/1_698_896605872.dbf thread=1 sequence=698
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 2017-06-27 09:09:11

database opened

contents of Memory Script:
{
# make read only the tablespace that will be exported
sql clone 'alter tablespace TEA read only';
# create directory for datapump import
sql "create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''
/home/oracle/aux''";
# create directory for datapump export
sql clone "create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''
/home/oracle/aux''";
}
executing Memory Script

sql statement: alter tablespace TEA read only

sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''/home/oracle/aux''

Performing export of metadata...
   EXPDP> Starting "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_Bndc":
   EXPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
   EXPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
   EXPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
   EXPDP> Master table "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_Bndc" successfully loaded/unloaded
   EXPDP> ******************************************************************************
   EXPDP> Dump file set for SYS.TSPITR_EXP_Bndc is:
   EXPDP>   /home/oracle/aux/tspitr_Bndc_82023.dmp
   EXPDP> ******************************************************************************
   EXPDP> Datafiles required for transportable tablespace TEA:
   EXPDP>   /mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf
   EXPDP> Job "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_Bndc" successfully completed at Tue Jun 27 09:09:53 2017 elapsed 0 00:00:35
Export completed

contents of Memory Script:
{
# shutdown clone before import
shutdown clone immediate
# drop target tablespaces before importing them back
sql 'drop tablespace TEA including contents keep datafiles cascade constraints';
}
executing Memory Script
contents of Memory Script:
{
# shutdown clone before import
shutdown clone immediate
# drop target tablespaces before importing them back
sql 'drop tablespace TEA including contents keep datafiles cascade constraints';
}
executing Memory Script

database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down

sql statement: drop tablespace TEA including contents keep datafiles cascade constraints

Performing import of metadata...
   IMPDP> Master table "SYS"."TSPITR_IMP_Bndc" successfully loaded/unloaded
   IMPDP> Starting "SYS"."TSPITR_IMP_Bndc":
   IMPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
   IMPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
   IMPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
   IMPDP> Job "SYS"."TSPITR_IMP_Bndc" successfully completed at Tue Jun 27 09:10:12 2017 elapsed 0 00:00:03
Import completed

contents of Memory Script:
{
# make read write and offline the imported tablespaces
sql 'alter tablespace TEA read write';
sql 'alter tablespace TEA offline';
# enable autobackups after TSPITR is finished
sql 'begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(TRUE); end;';
}
executing Memory Script

sql statement: alter tablespace TEA read write

sql statement: alter tablespace TEA offline

sql statement: begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(TRUE); end;

Removing automatic instance
Automatic instance removed
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/BOOK/datafile/o1_mf_temp_do3d1rfz_.tmp deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/BOOK/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_do3d1r3y_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/BOOK/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_do3d1qz3_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/BOOK/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_do3d1qr3_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/BOOK/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_do3d16tf_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/BOOK/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_do3d16sz_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/BOOK/datafile/o1_mf_system_do3d16td_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/BOOK/controlfile/o1_mf_do3d10mf_.ctl deleted
Finished recover at 2017-06-27 09:10:15

RMAN>

--//整個過程就是透過建立輔組例項,恢復部分檔案到的特定時間點或者scn,然後利用傳輸表空間匯出源資料.然後
--//有1個sql 'drop tablespace TEA including contents keep datafiles cascade constraints';
--//刪除表空間.copy對應資料檔案
--//倒回源資料到資料庫.

5.測試是否恢復正常.
--//注意結束時表空間是offline的.保險你可以read only看看.
SCOTT@book> alter tablespace tea online ;
Tablespace altered.

SCOTT@book> alter tablespace tea read only ;
Tablespace altered.

SCOTT@book> select count(*) from t ;
COUNT(*)
------------
84762

SCOTT@book> select count(*) from emp2 ;
COUNT(*)
------------
14

SCOTT@book> select count(*) from dept2 ;
COUNT(*)
------------
4

--//你可以發現完全恢復了誤操作的內容.我一直認為這樣操作不是太合理,如果表空間很大,恢復工作量也很大,
--//12c 增加了 recover table會更加好一些.

[20170627]使用TSPITR恢復表空間.txt

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