ASMCMD - ASM command line utility .

 Oracle database 10gR2 provides two new options to access and manage Automatic Storage Management (ASM) files and related information via command line interface - asmcmd and ASM ftp. This article will talk about asmcmd and provide sample Linux shell script. to demonstrate the asmcmd in action.

 

       asmcmd can be used by Oracle database administrators to query and manage their ASM systems. Oracle Support Services engineers can use asmcmd to easily retrieve ASM related info for diagnosing and debugging purposes.

       asmcmd can be used against ASM versions 10gR1 (10.1.0.n) and 10gR2 (10.2.0.n). In ASM version 10.2 asmcmd is provided by default ASM installation.

       To use asmcmd in ASM version 10.1 environment we can just copy relevant files from 10.2 installation into the 10.1 environment as follows.

 

Linux/UNIX:

Copy/ftp asmcmd and asmcmdcore from 10.2 install into 10.1 $ORACLE_HOME/bin , where $ORACLE_HOME is the oracle home where ASM is installed. These two files should be owned by the oracle user and the dba group, and have the following permissions:

asmcmd: 550

asmcmdcore: 440

 

Windows:

Copy/ftp asmcmd.bat and asmcmdcore from 10.2 install into %ORACLE_HOME%/bin, where %ORACLE_HOME% is the oracle home where ASM is installed.

 

ASMCMD - ASM command line utility

Reference summary of asmcmd commands.

cd      Changes the current directory to the specified directory.

du      Displays the total disk space occupied by ASM files in the

        specified ASM directory and all its subdirectories, recursively.

exit    Exits ASMCMD.

find    Lists the paths of all occurrences of the specified name (with

        wildcards) under the specified directory.

help    Displays the syntax and description of ASMCMD commands.

ls      Lists the contents of an ASM directory, the attributes of the

        specified file, or the names and attributes of all disk groups.

lsct    Lists information about current ASM clients.

lsdg    Lists all disk groups and their attributes.

mkalias Creates an alias for a system-generated filename.

mkdir   Creates ASM directory.

pwd     Displays the path of the current ASM directory.

rm      Deletes the specified ASM files or directories.

rmalias Deletes the specified alias, retaining the file that the alias

        points to.

一個小指令碼：

        asm.sh, a Linux shell script, that demonstrates some of the asmcmd functionality.

#!/bin/bash
#
# asm.sh - ASM reports by Bane Radulovic, Oracle Corporation, 2005
#
# asm.sh [-db DBNAME]
#   Report on all disk groups in the current ASM instance;
#   Current ASM instance is determined by env variable ORACLE_SID;
#   asmcmd should be in the PATH
# asm.sh [-db DBNAME] -space
#   Report on space used by dataabase DBNAME
#   If DBNAME not specified report on total disk space used by all databases
# asm.sh [-db DBNAME] -files
#   Report all files for database DBNAME  managed by this ASM instance
#   If DBNAME not specified report all files managed by this ASM instance
#
# Usage notes:
# All arguments are optional.
# If database name is not supplied, report on all disk groups/space/files.
# Report on total space in all disk groups only if database name not specified.
#
# Open issues
#   1. We don't detect if ASM instance is not up and if the environment is
#      not set up (ASM sid, asmcmd in PATH)
#   2. The script is not very useful - it's for demo purposes only :)
#   3. We may need to expand this to show the extents/AUs allocation
#      or something more usefull;
#

#
# Parse command line arguments
#

while [ $# -gt 0 ]
do
  case $1 in
    -db) shift; DBNAME=$1;; # Database name
    -space) SPACE=TRUE;;    # User wants the space usage report
    -files) FILES=TRUE;;    # User wants the report on all files in db DBNAME
    -help) echo "Usage: asm.sh [-db DBNAME] [-space] [-files]";exit 1;;
  esac;
  shift
done

echo ""

#
# Get all ASM disk groups using the 'asmcmd ls' command
#

for DIRECTORY in `asmcmd ls -d % 2>/dev/null`
  do
  echo $DIRECTORY | cut -f1 -d'/' >> /tmp/groups$$
  done

if [ -s /tmp/groups$$ ]
  then
    echo "ASM instance $ORACLE_SID manages the following disk group(s):"
    echo "=================================="
    cat /tmp/groups$$
    echo ""
  else
    echo "There are no disk groups in the ASM instance $ORACLE_SID"
    echo ""
    exit 2
fi

#
# If -files was specified, report on all files for database DBNAME
#

if [ $FILES ]
  then
    if [ $DBNAME ]
    then
      for GRP in `cat /tmp/groups$$`
        do
          asmcmd find $GRP/$DBNAME % >>/tmp/files$$ 2>/dev/null
        done
        if [ -s /tmp/files$$ ]
          then
            echo "$ORACLE_SID files for database $DBNAME:"
            echo "=================================="
            cat /tmp/files$$
          else
           echo "Database $DBNAME does not have any files in disk group $GRP."
        fi
      echo ""
    else
      echo "The list of all files managed by ASM instance $ORACLE_SID:"
      echo "=================================="
      for GRP in `cat /tmp/groups$$`
        do
        asmcmd find $GRP % 2>/dev/null
        done
    fi
fi

#
# If -space was specified, report on the space usage per ASM group
#

if [ $SPACE ]
  then
    if [ $DBNAME ]
    then
      for GRP in `cat /tmp/groups$$`
        do
        asmcmd du $GRP/$DBNAME > /tmp/grp$$ 2>/dev/null
        if [ -s /tmp/grp$$ ]
          then
            echo "Space usage by database $DBNAME in disk group $GRP:"
            echo "=================================="
            cat /tmp/grp$$
            echo ""
            rm -f /tmp/grp$$
          else
            echo "Database $DBNAME does not use disk group $GRP."
        fi
      done
    else
      for GRP in `cat /tmp/groups$$`
        do
        asmcmd du $GRP > /tmp/grp$$ 2>/dev/null
        if [ -s /tmp/grp$$ ]
          then
            echo "Total Space usage by all databases in disk group $GRP:"
            echo "=================================="
            cat /tmp/grp$$
            echo ""
            rm -f /tmp/grp$$
        fi
      done
    fi
fi

#
# Clean up
#

rm -f /tmp/groups$$
rm -f /tmp/files$$
rm -f /tmp/grp$$

#
# All work done
#

exit 0

 

指令碼示例：

1. Default output

[oracle@rac1 bin]$ ./asm.sh

 

ASM instance +ASM1 manages the following disk group(s):

==================================

DATA

FRA

 

2. Report on disk space for database dave

[oracle@rac1 bin]$ ./asm.sh -db dave -space

 

ASM instance +ASM1 manages the following disk group(s):

==================================

DATA

FRA

 

Space usage by database dave in disk group DATA:

==================================

Used_MB      Mirror_used_MB

    226                 226

 

Space usage by database dave in disk group FRA:

==================================

Used_MB      Mirror_used_MB

   3185                3185  

 

3. Report all files for database dave

 

[oracle@rac1 bin]$ ./asm.sh -db dave -files

 

ASM instance +ASM1 manages the following disk group(s):

==================================

DATA

FRA

 

+ASM1 files for database dave:

==================================

+DATA/dave/ONLINELOG/

+DATA/dave/ONLINELOG/group_1.261.746989315

+DATA/dave/ONLINELOG/group_2.262.746989325

+DATA/dave/ONLINELOG/group_3.265.746989333

+DATA/dave/ONLINELOG/group_4.266.746989343

+DATA/dave/PARAMETERFILE/

+DATA/dave/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.268.746989771

+DATA/dave/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.269.746989859

+DATA/dave/spfiledave.ora

+FRA/dave/ARCHIVELOG/

+FRA/dave/ARCHIVELOG/2011_03_29/

+FRA/dave/ARCHIVELOG/2011_03_29/thread_1_seq_1.270.747082809

+FRA/dave/ARCHIVELOG/2011_03_29/thread_2_seq_1.269.747068457

...

+FRA/dave/ARCHIVELOG/2011_04_21/thread_1_seq_36.332.749084429

+FRA/dave/ARCHIVELOG/2011_04_21/thread_2_seq_28.331.749080839

+FRA/dave/ONLINELOG/

+FRA/dave/ONLINELOG/group_1.257.746989321

+FRA/dave/ONLINELOG/group_2.258.746989329

+FRA/dave/ONLINELOG/group_3.259.746989339

+FRA/dave/ONLINELOG/group_4.260.746989347

 

 

4. Report on space and all files for database dave

[oracle@rac1 bin]$ ./asm.sh -space -db dave -files

Some minor issues and usage warnings for asmcmd version 10.2.0.1.

       1. When using asmcmd non interactively (e.g. in a shell scripts) it may be easier to use % (not *) for wildcard matching, to avoid shell substitution issues.

 

       2. asmcmd does not support wildcard substitution in CD command. This will be addressed in later versions of asmcmd.

 

       3. 'asmcmd du' always reports "Mirror_used_MB" space for all ASM disk groups. If the disk group is not mirrored, "Used_MB" and "Mirror_used_MB" values would be the same (represening the taken disk space in megabytes). In a normal redundancy disk group (i.e. with one mirror) the space reported under "Mirror_used_MB" would be double the ammout reported under "Used_MB". Similarly, for the triple mirrored disk group we would expect the three times the space reported under "Mirror_used_MB".