理解index leaf node 90－10 split

理解index leaf node  90－10 split

當索引leaf滿分裂時，存在兩種情況：
1.如果插入的鍵值是最大值，分裂按照90-10 split.
2.如果不是，按照50-50分裂。

按照字面的理解90-10 split,就是90的鍵值保留在原來資料塊中，其他10%鍵值使用新的資料塊。實際情況如何呢？

1.建立測試表:
select * from v$version;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.1.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

create table t1(a varchar2(5),b varchar2(10));
create unique index i_t1_a on t1(a);

select a.*,b.name from v$mystat a , v$statname b where a.statistic#=b.statistic# and b.name like '%leaf%';

       SID STATISTIC#      VALUE NAME
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
        11        382          0 leaf node splits
        11        383          0 leaf node 90-10 splits

begin
        for i in 1..501   loop
                insert into t1 values (lpad(to_char(i),5,'0') ,'test');
        end loop;
end;
/
commit;

select a.*,b.name from v$mystat a , v$statname b where a.statistic#=b.statistic# and b.name like '%leaf%';

       SID STATISTIC#      VALUE NAME
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
        11        382          1 leaf node splits
        11        383          1 leaf node 90-10 splits


應該產生一次leaf node 90-10 splits。

2. 分析索引結構：

SQL> SELECT object_id FROM dba_objects WHERE object_name = 'I_T1_A';
 OBJECT_ID
----------
      76265
SQL> ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS 'immediate trace name treedump level 76265';
Session altered.

----- begin tree dump
branch: 0x100051b 16778523 (0: nrow: 2, level: 1)
   leaf: 0x100051e 16778526 (-1: nrow: 499 rrow: 499)
   leaf: 0x100051f 16778527 (0: nrow: 2 rrow: 2)
----- end tree dump

可以發現兩個索引leaf node,1個有499個鍵值，另外一個2個鍵值。

3.轉儲資料塊：

select header_file, header_block from dba_segments where segment_name='I_T1_A';

HEADER_FILE HEADER_BLOCK
----------- ------------
          4         1306


根節點塊1307,根據上面leaf節點應該是1310,1311.

alter system dump datafile 4 block min 1310 block max 1311;

Start dump data blocks tsn: 4 file#:4 minblk 1310 maxblk 1311
........

Block header dump:  0x0100051f
 Object id on Block? Y
 seg/obj: 0x129e9  csc: 0x00.37946f  itc: 2  flg: E  typ: 2 - INDEX
     brn: 0  bdba: 0x1000518 ver: 0x01 opc: 0
     inc: 0  exflg: 0

 Itl           Xid                  Uba         Flag  Lck        Scn/Fsc
0x01   0x0005.010.00000e0d  0x00c00a13.0222.02  CB--    0  scn 0x0000.0037946f
0x02   0x0005.000.00000e0b  0x00c00a0f.0222.1c  --U-    2  fsc 0x0000.00379471
Leaf block dump
===============
header address 46978354870884=0x2aba00277a64
kdxcolev 0
KDXCOLEV Flags = - - -
kdxcolok 0
kdxcoopc 0x80: pcode=0: iot flags=--- is converted=Y
kdxconco 1
kdxcosdc 1
kdxconro 2
kdxcofbo 40=0x28
kdxcofeo 8004=0x1f44
kdxcoavs 7964
kdxlespl 0
kdxlende 0
kdxlespl 0
kdxlende 0
kdxlenxt 0=0x0
kdxleprv 16778526=0x100051e
kdxledsz 6
kdxlebksz 8032
row#0[8018] flag: ------, lock: 2, len=14, data:(6):  01 00 05 0e 00 2e
col 0; len 5; (5):  30 30 35 30 30
row#1[8004] flag: ------, lock: 2, len=14, data:(6):  01 00 05 0e 00 2f
col 0; len 5; (5):  30 30 35 30 31
----- end of leaf block dump -----
End dump data blocks tsn: 4 file#: 4 minblk 1310 maxblk 1311

也可以確定1311塊中僅僅兩個鍵值。

SQL> select dump('00500',16),dump('00501',16) from dual;

DUMP('00500',16)             DUMP('00501',16)
---------------------------- ----------------------------
Typ=96 Len=5: 30,30,35,30,30 Typ=96 Len=5: 30,30,35,30,31

根據測試如果index leaf node  90－10 split時，實際上是新新增的鍵值使用新的索引extent，保留原來節點資訊。實際上應該叫100-1個鍵值的split。