經常使用paramiko工具對幾百臺裝置進行管理,但是由於伺服器本身或是網路原因,有時返回值回不來,然後程式就看在那裡一直等待,這個時候後需要設定一個超時值。paramiko模組中執行命令程式碼如下:
stdin, stdout , stderr = s.exec_command(command)
這個地方在模組中只有一個引數,paramiko預設在這個是並不能設定超時值。
其實paramiko本身是可以在這個地方設定超時值的,只是預設情況下是沒有這個選項的,需要在paramiko的安裝目錄中修改他的原始碼,讓他支援,在程式碼中是有這個介面的。之所以他沒有這個這個超時值,我想是因為開發方考慮有些有些命令可能執行的時間比較長,比如大檔案的壓縮等,需要很長的時間才能執行完,超時值如果設定的話,有可能會中斷命令的執行,索性留下介面,並不設定超時值。但是我們用這個模組批量的去操作多臺裝置的話,有時超時值是很有必要的。
修改paramiko原始碼方法如下:
找到C:Python27Libsite-packagesparamiko目錄,下面有個client.py檔案,檔案中找到這段程式碼:
def exec_command(self, command, bufsize=-1): """ Execute a command on the SSH server. A new L{Channel} is opened and the requested command is executed. The command`s input and output streams are returned as python C{file}-like objects representing stdin, stdout, and stderr. @param command: the command to execute @type command: str @param bufsize: interpreted the same way as by the built-in C{file()} function in python @type bufsize: int @return: the stdin, stdout, and stderr of the executing command @rtype: tuple(L{ChannelFile}, L{ChannelFile}, L{ChannelFile}) @raise SSHException: if the server fails to execute the command """ chan = self._transport.open_session() chan.exec_command(command) stdin = chan.makefile(`wb`, bufsize) stdout = chan.makefile(`rb`, bufsize) stderr = chan.makefile_stderr(`rb`, bufsize) return stdin, stdout, stderr
修改為:
def exec_command(self, command, bufsize=-1,timeout = None): """ Execute a command on the SSH server. A new L{Channel} is opened and the requested command is executed. The command`s input and output streams are returned as python C{file}-like objects representing stdin, stdout, and stderr. @param command: the command to execute @type command: str @param bufsize: interpreted the same way as by the built-in C{file()} function in python @type bufsize: int @return: the stdin, stdout, and stderr of the executing command @rtype: tuple(L{ChannelFile}, L{ChannelFile}, L{ChannelFile}) @raise SSHException: if the server fails to execute the command """ chan = self._transport.open_session() if timeout is not None: chan.settimeout(timeout) chan.exec_command(command) stdin = chan.makefile(`wb`, bufsize) stdout = chan.makefile(`rb`, bufsize) stderr = chan.makefile_stderr(`rb`, bufsize) return stdin, stdout, stderr
主要就修改了兩個地方:
1、def exec_command(self, command, bufsize=-1,timeout = None)定義時加一個timeout = None;
2、在chan = self._transport.open_session()下面新增一個判斷
if timeout is not None:
chan.settimeout(timeout)
那麼在使用paramiko模組執行命令時的程式碼如下:
stdin, stdout , stderr = s.exec_command(command, timeout=10)
這樣就有一個超時值,執行命令的超時時間為10s