jsp+springmvc實現檔案上傳、圖片上傳和及時預覽圖片

weixin_34119545發表於2016-05-12

1、多檔案上傳:http://blog.csdn.net/a1314517love/article/details/24183273

2、單檔案上傳的簡單示例:http://blog.csdn.net/cheung1021/article/details/7084673

 

3、springMVC+ajaxfileupload非同步上傳圖片並及時預覽

http://www.codeweblog.com/springmvc-ajaxfileupload%E5%BC%82%E6%AD%A5%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87%E9%A2%84%E8%A7%88-%E8%A3%81%E5%89%AA%E5%B9%B6%E4%BF%9D%E5%AD%98%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87/

 

個人實踐:

一、對1中的第二種方法的實現:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>${pageTitle }</title>
<link href="/Public/media/css/new/page.css" rel="stylesheet"
    type="text/css" />
</head>
<body>

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/workConfig/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
name:<input name="name" type="text" ><br />
<input name="file" type="file" ><br />
<input name="file2" type="file" ><br />
<input name="file3" type="file" ><br />
<input name="file4" type="file" ><br />
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
package com.leslie.controller;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.leslie.User;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/workConfig")
public class SJWorkConfigController {

    private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SJWorkConfigController .class);


    @RequestMapping(value = "/upload")
    public ModelAndView upload(@Valid @ModelAttribute User user, BindingResult br, HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws IllegalStateException, IOException {
        // 建立一個通用的多部分解析器
        CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver(
                request.getSession().getServletContext());
        // 判斷 request 是否有檔案上傳,即多部分請求
        if (multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)) {
            // 轉換成多部分request
            MultipartHttpServletRequest multiRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;
            // 取得request中的所有檔名
            Iterator<String> iter = multiRequest.getFileNames();
            while (iter.hasNext()) {
                // 記錄上傳過程起始時的時間,用來計算上傳時間
                // int pre = (int) System.currentTimeMillis();
                // 取得上傳檔案
                MultipartFile file = multiRequest.getFile(iter.next());
                if (file != null) {
                    // 取得當前上傳檔案的檔名稱
                    String myFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
                    // 如果名稱不為“”,說明該檔案存在,否則說明該檔案不存在
                    if (myFileName.trim() != "") {
                        System.out.println(myFileName);
                        // 重新命名上傳後的檔名
                        String fileName = "demoUpload" + file.getOriginalFilename();
                        // 定義上傳路徑
                        String path = "E:/test/" + fileName;
                        File localFile = new File(path);
                        file.transferTo(localFile);
                    }
                }
                // 記錄上傳該檔案後的時間
                // int finaltime = (int) System.currentTimeMillis();
                // System.out.println(finaltime - pre);
            }

        }
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("message", request.getParameter("name").toString());
        mv.setViewName("hello");
        return mv;
    }

    // @RequestMapping(value = "/upload")
    // public ModelAndView upload(DefaultMultipartHttpServletRequest request) {
    // CommonsMultipartFile file = (CommonsMultipartFile)
    // request.getFile("file");
    // // 這裡的file就是前臺頁面的name
    // if (file.isEmpty()) {
    // return null;
    // }
    // // 獲取路徑,生成完整的檔案路徑
    // String fileName = "E:/test/"+"demoUpload" + file.getOriginalFilename();
    // File uploadFile = new File(fileName);
    // try {
    // // 上傳
    // FileCopyUtils.copy(file.getBytes(), uploadFile);
    // } catch (IOException e) {
    // e.printStackTrace();
    // }
    // ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
    // mv.addObject("message",request.getParameter("name").toString());
    // mv.setViewName("hello");
    // return mv;
    // }
}

 

1、1中的方法比較通用,且一次能上傳多個檔案。

2、雖然request的型別是MultipartHttpServletRequest,但仍可繼續使用request.getParameter來正常取表單中的非Multipart內容,

這樣就可以將圖片和普通表單內容一次提交了。

 

二、對3中方法的實現

注:3文中不但實現了圖片上傳和預覽,並且有使用js切圖的功能。由於我使用java在後臺切圖,所以只使用了它的檔案上傳預覽功能。

前臺頁面程式碼:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>${pageTitle }</title>
<link href="/Public/media/css/new/page.css" rel="stylesheet"
    type="text/css" />
<style type="text/css">
.errormsg {
    font-family: "微軟雅黑";
    color: #F30;
}
</style>

</head>
<body>
    <div class="outer">
        <div class="pathdiv">
            ${currentMenuDesc }
            <div class="tableDivTitleButtonDiv">
                <a href="${backToURL}"><input type="button"
                    class="tableDivTitleButtonDivButton" value="返回" /></a>
            </div>

        </div>
        <div class="infoTitle">${pageTitle }</div>

        <form:form action="${formActionURL}" method="post" commandName="work">
            <div class="formDiv">
                <table width="1020" border="0">
                    <tr>
                        <form:input path="worksId" type="hidden" />
                        <form:input path="designerId" type="hidden" />
                        <form:input path="worksImg1" type="hidden" />
                        <form:input path="worksImg2" type="hidden" />
                        <form:input path="worksImg3" type="hidden" />
                        <td align="right">作品名稱:</td>
                        <td align="left"><form:input path="worksName" /><span
                            class="errormsg"><form:errors path="worksName" /></span></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td align="right">作品說明:</td>
                        <td align="left"><form:textarea path="worksRemark" cols="30"
                                rows="10" /><span class="errormsg"><form:errors
                                    path="worksRemark" /></span></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td align="right">作品圖1:</td>
                        <td align="left">
                            <input name="realPicFile" id="realPicFile" type="file" onchange="ajaxFileUpload()"/>
                            <img src="/Public/media/image/loading2.gif" id="loading" style="display: none;">
                            <img id="realPic" src="/Public/showimgbj.jpg"/>
                            <span class="errormsg">
                                <form:errors path="worksImg1" />
                            </span>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td align="right">作品圖2:</td>
                        <td align="left"><input name="" type="file" /><img id="img2"
                            src="" /><span class="errormsg"><form:errors
                                    path="worksImg2" /></span></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td align="right">作品圖3:</td>
                        <td align="left"><input name="" type="file" /><img id="img3"
                            src="" /><span class="errormsg"><form:errors
                                    path="worksImg3" /></span></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td></td>
                        <td><input name="" type="submit" value="提交" /></td>
                    </tr>

                </table>
            </div>
        </form:form>
    </div>
    <div id="errorMsgDiv"></div>
    <script src="/Public/media/js/jquery-1.10.1.min.js"
        type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="/Public/media/js/jquery-migrate-1.2.1.min.js"
        type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="/Public/media/js/bootstrap.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="/Public/media/js/jquery.gritter.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="/Public/media/js/app.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="/Public/media/css/new/ajaxfileupload.js"
        type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script>
        jQuery(document).ready(function() {
            App.init(); // initlayout and core plugins
        });
    </script>
    <script>
    function ajaxFileUpload() {
        var file = $("#realPicFile").val();
        if(!/\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|JPG|PNG)$/.test(file)){
            Error("不支援的圖片格式.圖片型別必須是.jpeg,jpg,png,gif格式.");
            return false;
        }
        $.ajaxFileUpload({
            url : '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/workConfig/uploadOnePic?inputId=realPicFile',
            secureuri : false,
            fileElementId : 'realPicFile',
            dataType : 'content',
            success : function(data, status){
                $("#realPic").attr("src", data);
            },
            error : function(data, status, e){
                alert(e);
                //Error(e);
            }
        });
        return false;
    }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

後臺controller程式碼(不包括切圖):

package com.leslie.controller;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.exception.ExceptionUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.leslie.model.DesignerWorks;
import com.leslie.model.MemberDesigner;
import com.leslie.model.User;
import com.leslie.service.DesignerService;
import com.leslie.util.ConstantsUtil;
import com.leslie.validator.DesignerWorksValidator;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/workConfig")
public class SJWorkConfigController {
@RequestMapping("/uploadOnePic")
    @ResponseBody
    public String fileUpload(String inputId, MultipartHttpServletRequest request) {
        try {
            MultipartFile realPicFile = request.getFile(inputId);
            if (realPicFile != null) {
                // 取得當前上傳檔案的檔名稱
                String myFileName = realPicFile.getOriginalFilename();
                // 如果名稱不為“”,說明該檔案存在,否則說明該檔案不存在
                if (myFileName.trim() != "") {
                    System.out.println(myFileName);
                    // 重新命名上傳後的檔名
                    String fileName = "demoUpload" + realPicFile.getOriginalFilename();
                    // 定義上傳路徑
                    String path = "D:/program files/apache-tomcat-8.0.33/webapps/Public/upload/images/" + fileName;
                    String pathReturn = "/Public/upload/images/" + fileName;
                    File localFile = new File(path);
                    realPicFile.transferTo(localFile);
                    return pathReturn;
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // LOG.error("upload header picture error : ", e);
        }
        return null;
    }
}

過程概述:使用者點選了檔案選擇器的按鈕以後,瀏覽器彈出選擇檔案的對話方塊,當使用者選定了某張圖片並確定以後,會觸發檔案選擇器的onchange事件,我們在onchange事件裡呼叫ajaxfileupload將檔案選擇器

選中的檔案提交到後臺處理,後臺通過request拿到檔案以後,可以裁剪,可以儲存,可以做很多事情,然後將儲存以後的檔案的url路徑返回給前臺ajaxfileupload,ajaxfileupload拿到檔案路徑以後,將頁面中

相應的img標籤的src屬性改成檔案路徑,然後這張圖片就在頁面中顯示出來了。

說明:

1、ajaxfileupload的功能只是將檔案提交到後臺,真正對圖片進行儲存、裁切等處理的還是後臺程式。

2、ajaxfileupload的dataType屬性一般為"json",但我在使用json型別時報錯,後臺返回給前臺資料以後走到了error分支,彈出“syntexError:unexpeted token”。網上搜了一下,有高人通過修改

ajaxfileupload原始碼解決了問題(原文地址:http://liwx2000.iteye.com/blog/1540321),但我在實踐中按它的辦法修改問題依然存在,於是我將型別改為content就搞定了,正確返回了檔案的路徑

並走入了success分支。

3、在儲存檔案時定義了兩個檔案路徑,path指的是圖片在伺服器本地儲存的絕對路徑,pathReturn指的是使用者在瀏覽器上看到的圖片的src路徑,此處需要注意,如果將path直接返回,

頁面上是看不到圖片的。

4、ajaxfileupload.js的下載:http://www.cnblogs.com/kissdodog/archive/2012/12/15/2819025.html

 

三、後記

按照二中的辦法,似乎一切順風順水波瀾不驚,但卻有一個問題無法解決:雖然使用ajaxfileupload成功完成了圖片的上傳和及時預覽,但檔案選擇器(<input type="file")在選中了圖片以後卻始終無法顯示

圖片的url,一直顯示“未選擇檔案”,這似乎是ajaxfileupload的一個bug。最後我使用了一個折中的辦法,將檔案選擇器隱藏,使用一個普通的按鈕,當它被點選時觸發檔案選擇器的onclick事件。下面重新給出整理以後的程式碼。

jsp程式碼

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>${pageTitle }</title>
<link href="/Public/media/css/new/page.css" rel="stylesheet"
    type="text/css" />
<style type="text/css">
.errormsg {
    font-family: "微軟雅黑";
    color: #F30;
}
</style>

</head>
<body>
    <div class="outer">
        <div class="pathdiv">
            ${currentMenuDesc }
            <div class="tableDivTitleButtonDiv">
                <a href="${backToURL}"><input type="button"
                    class="tableDivTitleButtonDivButton" value="返回" /></a>
            </div>

        </div>
        <div class="infoTitle">${pageTitle }</div>

        <form:form action="${formActionURL}" method="post" commandName="work">
            <div class="formDiv">
                <table width="1020" border="0">
                    <tr>
                        <form:input path="worksId" type="hidden" />
                        <form:input path="designerId" type="hidden" />
                        <form:input id = "hiddenImgValue1" path="worksImg1" type="hidden" />
                        <form:input id = "hiddenImgValue2" path="worksImg2" type="hidden" />
                        <form:input id = "hiddenImgValue3" path="worksImg3" type="hidden" />
                        <td align="right">作品名稱:</td>
                        <td align="left"><form:input path="worksName" /><span
                            class="errormsg"><form:errors path="worksName" /></span></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td align="right">作品說明:</td>
                        <td align="left"><form:textarea path="worksRemark" cols="30"
                                rows="10" /><span class="errormsg"><form:errors
                                    path="worksRemark" /></span></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td align="right">作品圖1:</td>
                        <td align="left">
                            <img src="/Public/media/image/loading2.gif" id="loading" style="display: none;">
                            <img id="realPic1" src="/Public/showimgbj.jpg"/>
                            <input name="realPicFile1" id="realPicFile1" type="file" onchange="ajaxFileUpload('realPicFile1','realPic1','hiddenImgValue1')" style='display:none'/>
                            <input type=button onclick="upImg('realPicFile1')" value="上傳" />
                            <span class="errormsg">
                                <form:errors path="worksImg1" />
                            </span>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td align="right">作品圖2:</td>
                        <td align="left">
                            <img src="/Public/media/image/loading2.gif" id="loading" style="display: none;">
                            <img id="realPic2" src="/Public/showimgbj.jpg"/>
                            <input name="realPicFile2" id="realPicFile2" type="file" onchange="ajaxFileUpload('realPicFile2','realPic2','hiddenImgValue2')" style='display:none'/>
                            <input type=button onclick="upImg('realPicFile2')" value="上傳" />
                            <span class="errormsg">
                                <form:errors path="worksImg2" />
                            </span>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td align="right">作品圖3:</td>
                        <td align="left">
                            <img src="/Public/media/image/loading2.gif" id="loading" style="display: none;">
                            <img id="realPic3" src="/Public/showimgbj.jpg"/>
                            <input name="realPicFile3" id="realPicFile3" type="file" onchange="ajaxFileUpload('realPicFile3','realPic3','hiddenImgValue3')" style='display:none'/>
                            <input type=button onclick="upImg('realPicFile3')" value="上傳" />
                            <span class="errormsg"><form:errors
                                    path="worksImg3" />
                            </span>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td></td>
                        <td><input name="" type="submit" value="提交" /></td>
                    </tr>

                </table>
            </div>
        </form:form>
    </div>
    <div id="errorMsgDiv"></div>
    <script src="/Public/media/js/jquery-1.10.1.min.js"
        type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="/Public/media/js/jquery-migrate-1.2.1.min.js"
        type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="/Public/media/js/bootstrap.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="/Public/media/js/jquery.gritter.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="/Public/media/js/app.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="/Public/media/css/new/ajaxfileupload.js"
        type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script>
        jQuery(document).ready(function() {
            App.init(); // initlayout and core plugins
        });
    </script>
    <script>
        function upImg(fileID){
            $("#"+fileID).click();
        }
        function ajaxFileUpload(fileID,imgID,hiddenImgValue) {
            /*var file = $("#"+hiddenImgValue).val();
            if(!/\.(jpg|png|JPG|PNG)$/.test(file)){
                Error("不支援的圖片格式.圖片型別必須是.jpg,png格式.");
                return false;
            }*/
            $.ajaxFileUpload({
                url : '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/workConfig/uploadOnePic?inputId='+fileID,
                secureuri : false,
                fileElementId : fileID,
                dataType : 'json',
                success : function(data, status){
                    $("#"+imgID).attr("src", data.result);
                    $("#"+hiddenImgValue).val(data.result);
                    //$(this).val(data.result);
                    //console.log($('#realPicFile'));
                },
                error : function(data, status, e){
                    alert(e);
                    //Error(e);
                }
            });
            return true;
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

controller程式碼

@RequestMapping("/uploadOnePic")
    @ResponseBody
    public AjaxResultDomain fileUpload(String inputId, MultipartHttpServletRequest request) {
        try {
            // 拿到檔案
            MultipartFile realPicFile = request.getFile(inputId);

            // 準備好路徑引數
            String uploadImagesSavePath = pathUtil.getYgbhUploadImagesDiskFolderPath(request);
            String urlRootPath = pathUtil.getYgbhUploadImagesUrlFolderPath();
            List<MultipartFile> files = new ArrayList<MultipartFile>();
            files.add(realPicFile);

            // 儲存+壓縮
            String fileName = MultipartFileUtil.saveAndConstrictMultipartFiles(files, uploadImagesSavePath, urlRootPath)
                    .get(0);
            String fileUrl = urlRootPath + fileName;
            AjaxResultDomain d = new AjaxResultDomain();
            d.setResult(fileUrl);
            return d;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

 注意,ajax拿到後臺返回的值data以後,使用data.result給圖片地址賦值而不是直接用data賦值。原因是,如果後臺直接將圖片地址作為String字串返回給前臺的話,js會將圖片地址辨認為是一個正規表示式並報錯。

所以,對付js這麼靈活的東西,能繞開就繞開,否則坑很深。不跟它糾結,直接用一個object返回來,然後取object的屬性。

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