vmware虛擬機器調整ubuntu10.04分割槽大小
vmware20G分割槽大小已經接近用完了。
開機一直提示容量小，
容量擴充，vmware有圖形介面的選項。在hard disk哪裡調整。
調整之後，新增加了5G的容量，可以用ubuntu自帶的disk utility來格式化和掛載。
但是新分割槽，預設是掛在到/media下的，開機還是會提示容量小。/分割槽的並沒有被擴大。
因此需要有其他的辦法來解決。
=============================================================
參考了一篇使用lvm分割槽的文章。
感覺有點複雜，有專門的一篇英文文章講這個過程。
zhangbin@ubuntu:~$ sudo su
[sudo] password for zhangbin:
froot@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 26.8 GB, 26843545600 bytes 磁碟空間擴大了
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3263 cylinders 255頭 63個扇區 每 磁軌 3263個圓柱體
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes 單元
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes 扇區大小（邏輯/物理） 都是512位元組。
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O 大小（最小/最大） 都是512位元組。
Disk identifier: 0x00030124 裝置識別碼
啟動裝置加* 起始 結束 塊 id 系統
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 2497 20051968 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2497 2611 916481 5 Extended 有一個擴充套件分割槽
/dev/sda3 2612 3263 5237190 83 Linux
/dev/sda5 2497 2611 916480 82 Linux swap / Solaris
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# fdisk
Usage:
fdisk [options] <disk> change partition table
fdisk [options] -l <disk> list partition table(s)
fdisk -s <partition> give partition size(s) in blocks
Options:
-b <size> sector size (512, 1024, 2048 or 4096)
-c switch off DOS-compatible mode
-h print help
-u <size> give sizes in sectors instead of cylinders
-v print version
-C <number> specify the number of cylinders
-H <number> specify the number of heads
-S <number> specify the number of sectors per track
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 19737268 17850536 884136 96% /
none 250352 256 250096 1% /dev
none 254580 168 254412 1% /dev/shm
none 254580 112 254468 1% /var/run
none 254580 0 254580 0% /var/lock
none 254580 0 254580 0% /lib/init/rw
/dev/sda3 5154884 141304 4751724 3% /media/ExpandP
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# df -l
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 19737268 17850536 884136 96% /
none 250352 256 250096 1% /dev
none 254580 168 254412 1% /dev/shm
none 254580 112 254468 1% /var/run
none 254580 0 254580 0% /var/lock
none 254580 0 254580 0% /lib/init/rw
/dev/sda3 5154884 141304 4751724 3% /media/ExpandP 新分的那個區，我起名叫做ExpandP
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# mount /dev/sda4 /
mount: special device /dev/sda4 does not exist
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# mount /dev/sda3 / 掛到/上。
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# df -l
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 19737268 17850536 884136 96% /
none 250352 256 250096 1% /dev
none 254580 168 254412 1% /dev/shm
none 254580 112 254468 1% /var/run
none 254580 0 254580 0% /var/lock
none 254580 0 254580 0% /lib/init/rw
/dev/sda3 5154884 141304 4751724 3% /media/ExpandP
/dev/sda3 19737268 17850536 884136 96% /
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# df -l
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 19737268 17850536 884136 96% /
none 250352 256 250096 1% /dev
none 254580 168 254412 1% /dev/shm
none 254580 112 254468 1% /var/run
none 254580 0 254580 0% /var/lock
none 254580 0 254580 0% /lib/init/rw
/dev/sda3 19737268 17850536 884136 96% /
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# mount /dev/sda3 /
mount: /dev/sda3 already mounted or / busy
mount: according to mtab, /dev/sda1 is already mounted on / mtab是個mount表吧。
root@ubuntu:/# umount /dev/sda3 從/上解除安裝sda3
umount: /: device is busy. 這個是什麼歌意思呢？
(In some cases useful info about processes that use
the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# apt-get install lvm 名字叫做lvm2了
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Couldn't find package lvm
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# pvcreate
The program 'pvcreate' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:
apt-get install lvm2
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# apt-get install lvm2
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# apt-get install lvm2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
libdevmapper-event1.02.1 watershed
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libdevmapper-event1.02.1 lvm2 watershed
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 221 not upgraded.
Need to get 447kB of archives.
After this operation, 1,282kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
Get:1 http://Ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security/main libdevmapper-event1.02.1 2:1.02.39-1ubuntu4.1 [27.5kB]
Get:2 http://Ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ lucid/main watershed 5 [10.7kB]
Get:3 http://Ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security/main lvm2 2.02.54-1ubuntu4.1 [409kB]
Fetched 447kB in 60s (7,413B/s)
Selecting previously deselected package libdevmapper-event1.02.1.
(Reading database ... 151964 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking libdevmapper-event1.02.1 (from .../libdevmapper-event1.02.1_2%3a1.02.39-1ubuntu4.1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package watershed.
Unpacking watershed (from .../archives/watershed_5_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package lvm2.
Unpacking lvm2 (from .../lvm2_2.02.54-1ubuntu4.1_i386.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Setting up libdevmapper-event1.02.1 (2:1.02.39-1ubuntu4.1) ...
Setting up watershed (5) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up lvm2 (2.02.54-1ubuntu4.1) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Processing triggers for libc-bin ...
ldconfig deferred processing now taking place
/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/libavfilter.so.1 is not a symbolic link
/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/libavutil.so.50 is not a symbolic link
/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/libavdevice.so.52 is not a symbolic link
/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/libavcore.so.0 is not a symbolic link
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-26-generic
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin#
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# parted
GNU Parted 2.2
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) print
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 26.8GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 20.5GB 20.5GB primary ext4 boot
2 20.5GB 21.5GB 938MB extended
5 20.5GB 21.5GB 938MB logical linux-swap(v1)
3 21.5GB 26.8GB 5363MB primary ext4
(parted) df
align-check TYPE N check partition N for TYPE(min|opt)
alignment
check NUMBER do a simple check on the file system
cp [FROM-DEVICE] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER copy file system to another partition
help [COMMAND] print general help, or help on
COMMAND
mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE create a new disklabel (partition
table)
mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE make a FS-TYPE file system on
partition NUMBER
mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END make a partition
mkpartfs PART-TYPE FS-TYPE START END make a partition with a file system
move NUMBER START END move partition NUMBER
name NUMBER NAME name partition NUMBER as NAME
print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER] display the partition table,
available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a particular
partition
quit exit program
rescue START END rescue a lost partition near START
and END
resize NUMBER START END resize partition NUMBER and its file
system
rm NUMBER delete partition NUMBER
select DEVICE choose the device to edit
set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition NUMBER
toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]] toggle the state of FLAG on partition
NUMBER
unit UNIT set the default unit to UNIT
version display the version number and
copyright information of GNU Parted
(parted) df -l
align-check TYPE N check partition N for TYPE(min|opt)
alignment
check NUMBER do a simple check on the file system
cp [FROM-DEVICE] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER copy file system to another partition
help [COMMAND] print general help, or help on
COMMAND
mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE create a new disklabel (partition
table)
mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE make a FS-TYPE file system on
partition NUMBER
mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END make a partition
mkpartfs PART-TYPE FS-TYPE START END make a partition with a file system
move NUMBER START END move partition NUMBER
name NUMBER NAME name partition NUMBER as NAME
print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER] display the partition table,
available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a particular
partition
quit exit program
rescue START END rescue a lost partition near START
and END
resize NUMBER START END resize partition NUMBER and its file
system
rm NUMBER delete partition NUMBER
select DEVICE choose the device to edit
set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition NUMBER
toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]] toggle the state of FLAG on partition
NUMBER
unit UNIT set the default unit to UNIT
version display the version number and
copyright information of GNU Parted
align-check TYPE N check partition N for TYPE(min|opt)
alignment
check NUMBER do a simple check on the file system
cp [FROM-DEVICE] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER copy file system to another partition
help [COMMAND] print general help, or help on
COMMAND
mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE create a new disklabel (partition
table)
mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE make a FS-TYPE file system on
partition NUMBER
mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END make a partition
mkpartfs PART-TYPE FS-TYPE START END make a partition with a file system
move NUMBER START END move partition NUMBER
name NUMBER NAME name partition NUMBER as NAME
print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER] display the partition table,
available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a particular
partition
quit exit program
rescue START END rescue a lost partition near START
and END
resize NUMBER START END resize partition NUMBER and its file
system
rm NUMBER delete partition NUMBER
select DEVICE choose the device to edit
set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition NUMBER
toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]] toggle the state of FLAG on partition
NUMBER
unit UNIT set the default unit to UNIT
version display the version number and
copyright information of GNU Parted
(parted) quit
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# df -l
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 19737268 17853368 881304 96% /
none 250352 256 250096 1% /dev
none 254580 168 254412 1% /dev/shm
none 254580 112 254468 1% /var/run
none 254580 0 254580 0% /var/lock
none 254580 0 254580 0% /lib/init/rw
/dev/sda3 5154884 141304 4751724 3% /media/ExpandP
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# umount /media/ExpandP
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# df -l
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 19737268 17853392 881280 96% /
none 250352 256 250096 1% /dev
none 254580 168 254412 1% /dev/shm
none 254580 112 254468 1% /var/run
none 254580 0 254580 0% /var/lock
none 254580 0 254580 0% /lib/init/rw
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin#
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# pvs --help
pvs: Display information about physical volumes 顯示物理卷得資訊
pvs
[-a|--all]
[--aligned]
[-d|--debug]
[-h|-?|--help]
[--ignorelockingfailure]
[--nameprefixes]
[--noheadings]
[--nosuffix]
[-o|--options [+]Field[,Field]]
[-O|--sort [+|-]key1[,[+|-]key2[,...]]]
[-P|--partial]
[--rows]
[--segments]
[--separator Separator]
[--trustcache]
[--unbuffered]
[--units hHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]
[--unquoted]
[-v|--verbose]
[--version]
[PhysicalVolume [PhysicalVolume...]]
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# pvs --a
pvs: option '--a' is ambiguous
Error during parsing of command line.
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# pvs -a
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/ram0 -- 0 0
/dev/ram1 -- 0 0
/dev/ram10 -- 0 0
/dev/ram11 -- 0 0
/dev/ram12 -- 0 0
/dev/ram13 -- 0 0
/dev/ram14 -- 0 0
/dev/ram15 -- 0 0
/dev/ram2 -- 0 0
/dev/ram3 -- 0 0
/dev/ram4 -- 0 0
/dev/ram5 -- 0 0
/dev/ram6 -- 0 0
/dev/ram7 -- 0 0
/dev/ram8 -- 0 0
/dev/ram9 -- 0 0
/dev/root -- 0 0
/dev/sda3 -- 0 0
/dev/sda5 -- 0 0
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin#
lvm> vgdisplay VolGroup00
Volume group "VolGroup00" not found 沒有這個組。
lvm> pvs
lvm> pvcreate /dev/sda3
Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created
lvm> pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda3 lvm2 -- 4.99g 4.99g
lvm>
lvm> vgextend VolGroup00 /dev/sda3
Volume group "VolGroup00" not found
lvm> vgextend VolGroup00 /dev/sda1
Volume group "VolGroup00" not found
lvm> pvcreate /dev/sda1
Can't open /dev/sda1 exclusively. Mounted filesystem?
lvm>
lvm> quit
Exiting.
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# df -;
df: `-': No such file or directory
df: no file systems processed
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# df -l
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 19737268 17853404 881268 96% /
none 250352 256 250096 1% /dev
none 254580 168 254412 1% /dev/shm
none 254580 112 254468 1% /var/run
none 254580 0 254580 0% /var/lock
none 254580 0 254580 0% /lib/init/rw
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 26.8 GB, 26843545600 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3263 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00030124
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 2497 20051968 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2497 2611 916481 5 Extended
/dev/sda3 2612 3263 5237190 83 Linux
/dev/sda5 2497 2611 916480 82 Linux swap / Solaris
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin#
root@ubuntu:/home/zhangbin# vgdisplay VolGroup00
Volume group "VolGroup00" not found
vmware提供的磁碟管理工具。
其實用圖形介面就行。
C:/Program Files/VMware/VMware Workstation>vmware-vdiskmanager
VMware Virtual Disk Manager - build 385536.
Usage: vmware-vdiskmanager.exe OPTIONS <disk-name> | <mount-point>
Offline disk manipulation utility
Operations, only one may be specified at a time:
-c : create disk. Additional creation options must
be specified. Only local virtual disks can be
created.
-d : defragment the specified virtual disk. Only
local virtual disks may be defragmented.
-k : shrink the specified virtual disk. Only local
virtual disks may be shrunk.
-n <source-disk> : rename the specified virtual disk; need to
specify destination disk-name. Only local virtual
disks may be renamed.
-p : prepare the mounted virtual disk specified by
the mount point for shrinking.
-r <source-disk> : convert the specified disk; need to specify
destination disk-type. For local destination disks
the disk type must be specified.
-x <new-capacity> : expand the disk to the specified capacity. Only
local virtual disks may be expanded.
-R : check a sparse virtual disk for consistency and atte
mpt
to repair any errors.
-D : make disk deletable. This should only be used on di
sks
that have been copied from another product.
Other Options:
-q : do not log messages
Additional options for create and convert:
-a <adapter> : (for use with -c only) adapter type
(ide, buslogic, lsilogic). Pass lsilogic for other a
dapter types.
-s <size> : capacity of the virtual disk
-t <disk-type> : disk type id
Options for remote disks:
-h <hostname> : hostname of remote server
-u <username> : username for remote server
-f <filename> : file containing password
-P <port> : optional TCP port number (default: 902)
-S : specifies that the source disk is remote, by default
the remote options are assumed to refer to the
destination.
Disk types:
0 : single growable virtual disk
1 : growable virtual disk split in 2GB files
2 : preallocated virtual disk
3 : preallocated virtual disk split in 2GB files
4 : preallocated ESX-type virtual disk
5 : compressed disk optimized for streaming
6 : thin provisioned virtual disk - ESX 3.x and above
The capacity can be specified in sectors, KB, MB or GB.
The acceptable ranges:
ide adapter : [1MB, 2040.0GB]
scsi adapter: [1MB, 2040.0GB]
ex 1: vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 850MB -a ide -t 0 myIdeDisk.vmdk
ex 2: vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -d myDisk.vmdk
ex 3: vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -r sourceDisk.vmdk -t 0 destinationDisk.vm
dk
ex 4: vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -x 36GB myDisk.vmdk
ex 5: vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -n sourceName.vmdk destinationName.vmdk
ex 6: vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -r sourceDisk.vmdk -t 4 -h esx-name.mycomp
any.com /
-u username -f passwordfile "[storage1]/path/to/targetDisk.vmdk"
ex 7: vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -k myDisk.vmdk
ex 8: vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -p <mount-point>
(A virtual disk first needs to be mounted at <mount-point>)
C:/Program Files/VMware/VMware Workstation>
===================================================================
disk utiltiy顯示介面很大，而且固定，經常超過我800*600的顯示區域，因此考慮換gparted。
gparted很牛的。但是調整/的大小，因為/不能被解除安裝，所以要考慮其他方案。
這位前輩，用gparted很好的解決了分割槽的問題。他採用的是iso啟動的方案。寫了一個手記。
http://hi.baidu.com/%CB%E9%C6%AC1987/blog/item/794af883cae5c4dc9023d945.html
====================================================
以下是我的過程：
iso和啟用光碟機。
這樣就制定了光碟機的iso檔案。
採用但是gparted的live iso，很牛逼啊。都做成一個iso了。
開機在vmware白字黑螢幕哪裡，按F2，啟動bios，設定從光碟機啟動，但是一直都不行。
在ubuntu中，啟用了一個下有效較的那個光碟icon，ubuntu10.04識別到了光碟機內容，說明了兩點：
1.需要點選光碟icon，啟用vmware的光碟機讀取。
2.gparted的iso映象是好的，用google chrome下載檔案，達到了104KB/s左右，但是沒有卡。
而用qq傳遞檔案，還不到40KB/s,以及迅雷下載不論多小的檔案，都會讓網路變得很卡。
不知道問題出在什麼地方。
==================================================================
啟用了光碟機之後。
啟動gparted livecd
重啟，就出來了gparted livecd 的介面，很炫。
還有很多小工具。
用gparted的預設設定啟動：
首先要求設定keymap，鍵盤對映麼？
直接按回車。
26是簡體中文，預設是usa英文。
預設的0是x11介面。
看到這個介面，我陶醉了。
我刪掉了swap 分割槽。
刪掉了lvm分割槽。（之前在lvm裡頭，我把5G的分割槽，設定為lvm了。）
然後就等待合併了，否則/不能移動大小。
這是在ubunt10.04上gparted的： 邏輯卷不支援。
虛擬機器預設的ubuntu系統用512M記憶體，swap就設定為256好了。
swap預設是作為主分割槽的。
我覺得都行吧。
boot還行也沒有被我獨立出來，而是在/中了。
分割槽後：
gparetd的live cd 是個很好的工具箱。
退出menu----shutdown了。
按回車，然後就顯示 now halt。。。。。。。。。
看一下情況：
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