LoadRunner測試Google Suggest
Google的搜尋框是典型的AJAX應用，使用者在輸入關鍵字的同時，前端頁面通過xmlhttp與後臺伺服器動態互動，根據使用者輸入的關鍵字查詢匹配的內容，向使用者提示建議的搜尋項，也就是所謂的“google suggest”。
如果使用LoadRunner進行測試，採用AJAX（Click and Script）協議錄製的話會得到以下指令碼：
Action()
{
web_add_cookie_ex("Cookie=PREF=ID=372e76ef6c7e842e:U=1961d03ffd7ab924:NW=1:TM=1264934277:LM=1264934316:S=OYfvCjRzGq1u4u4z; domain=google.cn; path=/", ENDITEM,
"Cookie=NID=31=hwv9eoM6IVUuD1ssILGftThmu8fjLzTdRUZXJTwcEggxBjCoy4Fh3dEsZVLVZ66_WndMz03It6xuCCWAqW28ZCj2r2wJxmfKM4_UHMZGk_mnybPjA6tDdB9HFqVkX1EU; domain=google.cn; path=/", ENDITEM,
"Cookie=SNID=31=BZul31Bwi_B97OMZlOIjZOeSm05tZw_9bw9T4zsT=kqUHVr3rOWtmkOvF; domain=google.cn; path=/verify", ENDITEM,
LAST);
web_browser("www.google.cn",
DESCRIPTION,
ACTION,
"Navigate=http://www.google.cn/",
LAST);
web_edit_field("q",
"Snapshot=t1.inf",
DESCRIPTION,
"Type=text",
"Name=q",
ACTION,
"SetValue=AJAX",
LAST);
web_button("INPUT",
"Snapshot=t2.inf",
DESCRIPTION,
"Type=submit",
"Tag=INPUT",
"ID=",
"Value=Google 搜尋",
ACTION,
"UserAction=Click",
LAST);
return 0;
}
可以看到google suggest的AJAX行為並沒有被錄製下來，從回放日誌的伺服器返回記錄中也找不到google suggest返回結果的蹤影。
採用WEB（HTTP/HTML）協議來錄製，則得到下面的指令碼：
Action()
{
web_add_cookie("PREF=ID=372e76ef6c7e842e:U=1961d03ffd7ab924:NW=1:TM=1264934277:LM=1264934316:S=OYfvCjRzGq1u4u4z; DOMAIN=www.google.cn");
web_add_cookie("NID=31=hwv9eoM6IVUuD1ssILGftThmu8fjLzTdRUZXJTwcEggxBjCoy4Fh3dEsZVLVZ66_WndMz03It6xuCCWAqW28ZCj2r2wJxmfKM4_UHMZGk_mnybPjA6tDdB9HFqVkX1EU; DOMAIN=www.google.cn");
web_url("www.google.cn",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=",
"Snapshot=t1.inf",
"Mode=HTML",
EXTRARES,
"Url=/extern_js/f/CgV6aC1DThICY24rMAo4V0ACLCswDjgLLCswETgVLCswFjgXLCswFzgFLCswGDgFLCswGTgTLCswJTjKiAEsKzAmOAksKzAnOAQsKzA8OAIsKzBEOAEsKzBFOAEs/qft1hKbTw2Q.js", ENDITEM,
"Url=/favicon.ico", "Referer=", ENDITEM,
"Url=/intl/zh-CN/images/toolbar_animation_20090618.png", ENDITEM,
"Url=/complete/search?hl=zh-CN&xhr=t&q=A&cp=1", ENDITEM,
"Url=/complete/search?hl=zh-CN&xhr=t&q=AJ&cp=2", ENDITEM,
"Url=/complete/search?hl=zh-CN&xhr=t&q=AJA&cp=3", ENDITEM,
"Url=/complete/search?hl=zh-CN&xhr=t&q=AJAX&cp=4", ENDITEM,
LAST);
web_url("csi",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/csi?v=3&s=webhp&action=&e=17259,23361,23603&ei=kMFrS-GQB8qNkAWljIX6AQ&expi=17259,23361,23603&imc=2&imn=2&imp=2&rt=prt.110,xjsls.125,ol.437,iml.250,xjses.437,xjsee.468,xjs.500",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/",
"Mode=HTML",
LAST);
web_url("search",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/search?hl=zh-CN&source=hp&q=AJAX&btnG=Google+%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&aq=f&oq=",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/",
"Snapshot=t2.inf",
"Mode=HTML",
LAST);
web_url("gen_204",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/gen_204?mgmhp=shp1&ct=v&cd=false",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/search?hl=zh-CN&source=hp&q=AJAX&btnG=Google+%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&aq=f&oq=",
"Mode=HTML",
LAST);
web_url("csi_2",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/csi?v=3&s=web&action=&e=17259,23361,23603&ei=msFrS5anH8qGkAX5rJDwAw&expi=17259,23361,23603&imc=1&imn=1&imp=1&rt=prt.125,ol.343,iml.156,xjses.375,xjsee.390,xjsls.390,xjs.437",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/search?hl=zh-CN&source=hp&q=AJAX&btnG=Google+%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&aq=f&oq=",
"Mode=HTML",
LAST);
return 0;
}
google suggest的行為被錄製到第一個web_url的請求中，被作為資源進行HTTP請求。Web_url函式中的EXTRARES表示表示後面的url所指的內容都是作為資源來請求的，LR的幫助文件中是這樣說的：
A list of resources generated by non–HTML mechanisms in the Web page. These include the resources requested by Javascript, ActiveX, Java applets and Flash. VuGen's Recording Options allow these elements either to be recorded within the current script step (the default mode) or recorded as separate steps (see "Recording in HTML–Based Mode" in the VuGen Online Book).
如果想把google suggest的行為分別錄製成一個個的web_url請求，則需要修改錄製模式，改為用“URL-Based”模式錄製：
Action()
{
web_add_cookie("PREF=ID=372e76ef6c7e842e:U=1961d03ffd7ab924:NW=1:TM=1264934277:LM=1264934316:S=OYfvCjRzGq1u4u4z; DOMAIN=www.google.cn");
web_add_cookie("NID=31=hwv9eoM6IVUuD1ssILGftThmu8fjLzTdRUZXJTwcEggxBjCoy4Fh3dEsZVLVZ66_WndMz03It6xuCCWAqW28ZCj2r2wJxmfKM4_UHMZGk_mnybPjA6tDdB9HFqVkX1EU; DOMAIN=www.google.cn");
web_url("www.google.cn",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=",
"Snapshot=t1.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST);
web_concurrent_start(NULL);
web_url("logo_cn.gif",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/intl/zh-CN/images/logo_cn.gif",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/gif",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/",
"Snapshot=t2.inf",
LAST);
web_url("cn_icp.gif",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/intl/zh-CN_cn/images/cn_icp.gif",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/gif",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/",
"Snapshot=t3.inf",
LAST);
web_concurrent_end(NULL);
web_concurrent_start(NULL);
web_url("qft1hKbTw2Q.js",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/extern_js/f/CgV6aC1DThICY24rMAo4V0ACLCswDjgLLCswETgVLCswFjgXLCswFzgFLCswGDgFLCswGTgTLCswJTjKiAEsKzAmOAksKzAnOAQsKzA8OAIsKzBEOAEsKzBFOAEs/qft1hKbTw2Q.js",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=text/javascript",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/",
"Snapshot=t4.inf",
LAST);
web_url("nav_logo7.png",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/images/nav_logo7.png",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/png",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/",
"Snapshot=t5.inf",
LAST);
web_url("favicon.ico",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/favicon.ico",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/x-icon",
"Referer=",
"Snapshot=t6.inf",
LAST);
web_concurrent_end(NULL);
web_url("csi",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/csi?v=3&s=webhp&action=&e=17259,23361,23603&ei=9MRrS62DC8yTkAX285SPAw&expi=17259,23361,23603&imc=2&imn=2&imp=2&rt=prt.94,xjsls.109,ol.437,iml.328,xjses.452,xjsee.484,xjs.515",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST);
web_concurrent_start(NULL);
web_url("toolbar_animation_20090618.png",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/intl/zh-CN/images/toolbar_animation_20090618.png",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/png",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/",
"Snapshot=t7.inf",
LAST);
web_url("search",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/complete/search?hl=zh-CN&xhr=t&q=A&cp=1",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=application/json",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/",
"Snapshot=t8.inf",
LAST);
web_url("search_2",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/complete/search?hl=zh-CN&xhr=t&q=Aj&cp=2",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=application/json",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/",
"Snapshot=t9.inf",
LAST);
web_url("search_3",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/complete/search?hl=zh-CN&xhr=t&q=AjA&cp=3",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=application/json",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/",
"Snapshot=t10.inf",
LAST);
web_url("search_4",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/complete/search?hl=zh-CN&xhr=t&q=AjAX&cp=4",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=application/json",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/",
"Snapshot=t11.inf",
LAST);
web_concurrent_end(NULL);
lr_think_time(14);
web_url("search_5",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/search?hl=zh-CN&source=hp&q=AjAX&btnG=Google+%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&aq=f&oq=",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/",
"Snapshot=t12.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST);
web_url("nav_logo7.png_2",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/images/nav_logo7.png",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/png",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/search?hl=zh-CN&source=hp&q=AjAX&btnG=Google+%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&aq=f&oq=",
"Snapshot=t13.inf",
LAST);
web_url("gen_204",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/gen_204?mgmhp=shp1&ct=v&cd=false",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/search?hl=zh-CN&source=hp&q=AjAX&btnG=Google+%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&aq=f&oq=",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST);
web_url("csi_2",
"URL=http://www.google.cn/csi?v=3&s=web&action=&e=17259,23361,23603&ei=BMVrS-fpFMqGkAWXrpzwAw&expi=17259,23361,23603&imc=1&imn=1&imp=0&rt=prt.468,ol.499,iml.468,xjses.546,xjsee.561,xjsls.561,xjs.608",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://www.google.cn/search?hl=zh-CN&source=hp&q=AjAX&btnG=Google+%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&aq=f&oq=",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST);
return 0;
}
這樣錄製下來的指令碼會長很多。Google suggest的AJAX行為被分別錄製成一個個的web_url請求，並且放在web_concurrent_start和web_concurrent_end之間。關於web_concurrent_start函式的描述，可以參考LR幫助文件：
The web_concurrent_start function marks the beginning of a concurrent group. All functions within the group are executed concurrently. The end of the group is marked by the web_concurrent_end function. Within the concurrent group, you may include Action functions and several Service functions.
Note that the functions included within the concurrent group are not executed immediately. Instead they are registered for concurrent execution. When the concurrent group is closed, all of the functions registered as concurrent are executed together.
Concurrent中的函式都會先註冊，而不是馬上執行，直到web_concurrent_end才一起執行，這個從回放的日誌也可以看出來：
Action.c(73): web_concurrent_start was successful [MsgId: MMSG-26392]
Action.c(75): Registering web_url("toolbar_animation_20090618.png") was successful [MsgId: MMSG-26390]
Action.c(83): Registering web_url("search") was successful [MsgId: MMSG-26390]
Action.c(91): Registering web_url("search_2") was successful [MsgId: MMSG-26390]
Action.c(99): Registering web_url("search_3") was successful [MsgId: MMSG-26390]
Action.c(107): Registering web_url("search_4") was successful [MsgId: MMSG-26390]
Action.c(115): web_concurrent_end was successful, 8506 body bytes, 1355 header bytes, 84 chunking overhead bytes [MsgId: MMSG-26385]
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