SpringMVC框架簡介①

Milky-way發表於2018-08-12

首先, 建專案之後引包:

連結：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ekU8ga_GjSWyTmRRcVoCgw 密碼：xhxd

配置中央轉發器(dispatchservlet), web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <!-- 不能使用/* -->
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

SpringMVC的配置檔案的頭資訊:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
					<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
					xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
					xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
					xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
					xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
					xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
					xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">

</beans>

該配置檔名稱有一定的規範, 預設是按照在web.xml配置的"<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>"+".servlet.xml"

下面先介紹一下配置檔案的方式, 後續重點介紹註解的使用

第一個例子:

TestController.java:

package com.rl.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;

public class TestController extends AbstractController {

    @Override
    protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal
                (HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
        
        
        //返回值裡面是路徑為非檔名
        return new ModelAndView("index");
    }
}

將配置檔案完善後啟動tomcat

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
					<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
					xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
					xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
					xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
					xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
					xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
					xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">

        <!-- 配置TestController的bean
            預設當輸入"/hello.do"請求時, 將直接指向當前配置的TestController.java並訪問"handleRequestInternal"方法
         -->
        <bean name="/hello.do" class="com.rl.controller.TestController"/>
        
        <!-- 配置檢視解析器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <!-- 配置字首 -->
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
            <!-- 配置字尾 -->
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
</beans>

專案結構圖:

在頁面訪問"http://localhost:8080/springmvc-1/hello.do"

結果如下:

還有其他兩種方法, 不直接舉例下面貼配置資訊

另外如果想要直接訪問一個頁面而不需要其他邏輯處理, 可以使用springmvc為我們提供的一種自動建立Controller的方式, 如下配置資訊:

控制器有三種, 以下不詳細介紹, 只貼出程式碼, 都有詳細註釋:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
					<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
					xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
					xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
					xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
					xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
					xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
					xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">

        <!-- 配置TestController的bean
                            預設當輸入"/hello.do"請求時, 將直接指向當前配置的TestController.java並訪問"handleRequestInternal"方法
         -->
        <bean id="TestController" name="/hello.do" class="com.rl.controller.TestController"/>
       
       <!-- =================================對映處理器================================== --> 
        <!-- 配置檢視解析器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <!-- 配置字首 -->
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
            <!-- 配置字尾 -->
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 預設採用這種方式配置 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
        
        <!-- 第二種對映的配置方式 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
            <property name="mappings">
                <props>
                    <!-- 根據id來對映具體的Controller -->
                    <prop key="/hello1.do">TestController</prop>
                </props>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 第三種對映的配置方式
                        訪問路徑為: http://localhost:8080/springmvc-1/testController.do
            testController.do首字元必須小寫
         -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"></bean>
        
        
        <!-- =================================三種控制器================================== -->
        <!-- 
                        需求: 只需要跳轉一個頁面, 不需要其他邏輯, 可以使用springmvc為我們提供的這個方式, 免去自己建立Controller
            springmvc自動建立的一個Controller, 直接轉發
         -->
        <bean name="/toIndex.do" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.ParameterizableViewController">
            <property name="viewName" value="index"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 接收get方式提交的引數型別 -->
        <bean name="/comm.do" class="com.rl.controller.CommController">
            <property name="commandClass" value="com.rl.model.Person"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 接收表單post方式提交的引數型別 -->
        <bean name="/form.do" class="com.rl.controller.FormController">
        <!-- 指定commandClass屬性對應的實體類是Person -->
            <property name="commandClass" value="com.rl.model.Person"></property>
            <!-- 跳轉頁面為form, 字首跟字尾參照檢視解析器的規則 -->
            <property name="formView" value="form"></property>
            <!-- 提交成功之後的跳轉頁面 -->
            <property name="successView" value="success"></property>
        </bean>
</beans>

專案結構:

CommController.java:

package com.rl.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.validation.BindException;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractCommandController;

public class CommController extends AbstractCommandController {

    @Override
    protected ModelAndView handle
                    (HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object obj, BindException arg3)
            throws Exception {
        
        System.out.println(obj);
        return new ModelAndView("index");
    }
}

FormController.java

package com.rl.controller;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleFormController;

public class FormController extends SimpleFormController {

    
    @Override
    protected void doSubmitAction(Object obj) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(obj);
    }
    
    /**
     * 自定義屬性編輯器
     * 將日期的輸入格式從xxxx/xx/xx轉成xxxx-xx-xx
     */
    @Override
    protected void initBinder(HttpServletRequest request, ServletRequestDataBinder binder) throws Exception {
        binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));
    }
}

表單就不貼出來了, 自己設定資料, 提交試試即可.

下面詳解註解形式的springmvc開發:

配置檔案:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
					<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
					xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
					xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
					xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
					xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
					xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
					xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">

        <!-- 配置註解掃描器 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.rl.controller"/>

        <!-- 配置檢視解析器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <!-- 配置字首 -->
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
            <!-- 配置字尾 -->
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
        
</beans>

註解開發第一個例子:

package com.rl.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//Controller註解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出現相同方法名的情況
public class TestController {
    
    @RequestMapping("/hello.do")//對映方法
    public String hello() {
        return "index";//返回modelandview的路徑
    }
}

最原始的接收引數的方法:

package com.rl.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//Controller註解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出現相同方法名的情況
public class TestController {
    
    
    /**
     * 最原始的接收引數的方法
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/revParam.do")
    public String revParam(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String name = request.getParameter("name");
        System.out.println(name);
        return "index";
    }
}

控制檯輸出: zs

第二種:

package com.rl.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//Controller註解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出現相同方法名的情況
public class TestController {
    
    
    /**
     * 第二種接收的方式
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/revParam1.do")
    public String revParam1(String name) {
        System.out.println(name);
        return "index";
    }
}

輸出同上

第三種:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//Controller註解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出現相同方法名的情況
public class TestController {
    
   
    /**
     * 第三種: 可傳多個引數
     * @param name
     * @return
     * @throws IOException 
     */
    @RequestMapping("/revParam2.do")
    public String revParam2(String name, Integer id, String address, Date birthday, 
            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
        System.out.println(name);
        System.out.println(id);
        System.out.println(address);
        System.err.println(birthday);//預設輸入格式是xxxx/xx/xx
        return "index";
    }
    
    @InitBinder//該註解繫結屬性編輯器
    public void initBinder(ServletRequestDataBinder binder) {
        binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, 
                                    new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));
    }
}

第四種:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//Controller註解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出現相同方法名的情況
public class TestController {
    
     
    /**
     * 第四種: 多選傳參
     */
    @RequestMapping("/revParam3.do")
    public String revParam3(String[] fav) {
        for(String fa: fav) {
            System.out.println(fa);
        }
        return "success";
    }
    
    /**
     * 跳轉表單
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/toForm.do")
    public String toForm() {
        return "form";
    }
}

form.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">


<base href="<%=basePath%>">
</head>
<body>
    
    <form action="test/revParam3.do" method="post">
        愛好:<input name="fav" type="checkbox" value="1">籃球
        <input name="fav" type="checkbox" value="2">排球
        <input name="fav" type="checkbox" value="3">棒球
        <input type="submit" value="提交">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

也可以用物件來接收, 就不貼程式碼了.

第五種: 結果集返回檢視

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.rl.model.Person;

@Controller//Controller註解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出現相同方法名的情況
public class TestController {
    
    /**
     * 結果集返回檢視(不建議使用)
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/returnResult.do")
    public ModelAndView returnResult() {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setAddress("北京");
        person.setBirthday(new Date());
        person.setGender(1);
        person.setName("zhangsan");
        Map<String, Person> map = new HashMap<String, Person>();
        map.put("person", person);
        return new ModelAndView("returnPage", map);
    }
}

頁面:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix="fmt" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

</head>
<body>

    <h4>${person.name }</h4>
    <h4>${person.gender }</h4>
    <h4>${person.address }</h4>
    <h4><fmt:formatDate value="${person.birthday }" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/></h4>
</body>
</html>

第六種:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.rl.model.Person;

@Controller//Controller註解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出現相同方法名的情況
public class TestController {
    
    
    /**
     * 第六種: 簡化一點(還是比較少用的, 不建議使用)
     * 注意: map在引數列表中不是用於接收引數的, 只用於返回頁面
     */
    @RequestMapping("/returnResult1.do")
    public String returnResult1(Map<String, Object> map) {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setAddress("北京");
        person.setBirthday(new Date());
        person.setGender(1);
        person.setName("zhangsan");
        map.put("person", person);
        return "returnPage";
    }
}

效果同上

第七種:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.rl.model.Person;

@Controller//Controller註解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出現相同方法名的情況
public class TestController {
    
   
    /**
     * 再簡化, 使用Model(最常用, 建議使用)
     */
    @RequestMapping("/returnResult2.do")
    public String returnResult2(Model model) {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setAddress("北京");
        person.setBirthday(new Date());
        person.setGender(1);
        person.setName("zhangsan");
        model.addAttribute("person", person);
        return "returnPage";
    }
}

效果同上

ajax呼叫springmvc的方法:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.rl.model.Person;

@Controller//Controller註解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出現相同方法名的情況
public class TestController {
    
    

    /**
     * ajax呼叫
     */
    @RequestMapping("/ajax.do")
    public void ajax(String name, HttpServletResponse response) {
        String result = "hello "+name;
        try {
            response.getWriter().write(result);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 跳轉ajax
     */
    @RequestMapping("/toAjax.do")
    public String toAjax() {
        return "ajax";
    }
}

頁面:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script>


<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
    $("#myButton").click(function(){
        var mytext = $("#mytext").val();
        $.ajax({
            url:"test/ajax.do",
            type:"post",
            dataType:"text",
            data:{
                name:mytext
            },
            success:function(responseText){
                alert(responseText);
            },
            error:function(){
                alert("system error");
            }
        });
    });
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
    <input type="text" id="mytext">
    <input type="button" id="myButton" value="click">
</body>
</html>

SpringMVC的重定向:

同一Controller中的重定向:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.rl.model.Person;

@Controller//Controller註解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出現相同方法名的情況
public class TestController {
    
    
    /**
     * 跳轉表單
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/toForm.do")
    public String toForm() {
        return "form";
    }
    
      
    /**
     * 同一Controller之內的重定向
     */
    @RequestMapping("/redirectForm.do")
    public String redirectForm() {
        return "redirect:toForm.do";//路徑會更改
    }
}

不同Controller之間的重定向:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.rl.model.Person;

@Controller//Controller註解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出現相同方法名的情況
public class TestController {
    
    
    /**
     * 不同Controller之間的重定向
     */
    @RequestMapping("/redirectForm1.do")
    public String redirectForm1() {
        return "redirect:/test1/toForm.do";//test1前面的'/'代表從根目錄上的test1/toForm.do
    }
}

package com.rl.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//Controller註解
@RequestMapping("/test1")//防止出現相同方法名的情況
public class Test1Controller {
    
    /**
     * 跳轉表單
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/toForm.do")
    public String toForm() {
        return "form";
    }
}

檔案上傳:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
					<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
					xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
					xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
					xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
					xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
					xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
					xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">

        <!-- 配置註解掃描器 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.rl.controller"/>

        <!-- 配置檢視解析器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <!-- 配置字首 -->
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
            <!-- 配置字尾 -->
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 檔案上傳
            複雜型別的表單檢視解析器
         -->
        <!-- 
			bean的id是multipartResolver，不能隨便定義
		 -->
        <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
            <!-- 
                             以位元組為單位
             -->
            <property name="maxUploadSize" value="1024000"></property>
        </bean>
</beans>

頁面:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="upload/uploadPic.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <input type="file" name="pic">
        <input type="submit" value="提交">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public class UploadController {

    @RequestMapping("/uploadPic.do")
    public String uploadPic(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
      //轉換request
        MultipartHttpServletRequest mr = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;
        //獲得檔案
        MultipartFile file = mr.getFile("pic");
        //獲得檔案的位元組陣列
        byte[] fbyte = file.getBytes();
        //獲得當前時間的最小精度，精確到三位毫秒
        String fileName = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmssSSS").format(new Date());
        //再加三位隨機數
        Random random = new Random();
        for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
            fileName = fileName + random.nextInt(10);
        }
        //獲得檔案的原始檔名
        String oriFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
        //字尾
        String suffix = oriFileName.substring(oriFileName.lastIndexOf("."));
        //獲得專案的部署路徑
        String realPath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
        //組裝圖片的全路徑
        String picPath = realPath + "\\upload\\"+fileName+suffix;
        //定義輸出流
        OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File(picPath));
        out.write(fbyte);
        out.flush();
        out.close();
        
        return "success";
    }
}

記得實現一定要先建立一個upload資料夾:

攔截器:

配置檔案:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
					<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
					xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
					xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
					xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
					xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
					xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
					xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">

        <!-- 配置註解掃描器 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.rl.controller"/>

        <!-- 配置檢視解析器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <!-- 配置字首 -->
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
            <!-- 配置字尾 -->
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 檔案上傳
                            複雜型別的表單檢視解析器
         -->
        <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
            <!-- 
                             以位元組為單位
             -->
            <property name="maxUploadSize" value="1024000"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 配置攔截器
            mvc:mapping: 配置攔截範圍, 跟bean標籤有上下的順序
         -->
        <mvc:interceptors>
            <mvc:interceptor>
                <mvc:mapping path="/test/**"/>
                <bean class="com.rl.interceptor.MyInterceptor"></bean>
            </mvc:interceptor>
        </mvc:interceptors>
</beans>

攔截器實現:

package com.rl.interceptor;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    /**
     * 最終攔截: 在頁面生成之後執行
     *          可以做頁面的一些監控, arg3可以收集一些異常資訊
     */
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println("執行最終攔截...");
        String message = arg3.getMessage();//可以獲取一些異常資訊
    }

    /**
     * 後置攔截: 在Controller之後執行, 檢視解析之前(還沒生成頁面)
     *          可以對未生成的頁面做一些修改
     */
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println("執行後置攔截...");
        Map<String, Object> map = arg3.getModel();
        //此時map可以追加一些東西
    }

    /**
     * 前置攔截, 在Controller前執行
     * return false表示攔截, true表示放行
     * arg2: 當前攔截到的Controller的例項
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("執行前置攔截...");
        return true;
    }
}

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