參考資料 reference: http://mongodb.blog.51cto.com/1071559/740131

感謝網友Mr.Sharp，他給了我很多很有用的建議。

概念梳理
Sharded cluster has the following components: shards, query routers and config servers.

Shards A :
A shard is a MongoDB instance that holds a subset of a collection’s data. Each shard is either a single
mongod instance or a replica set. In production, all shards are replica sets.

Config Servers Each :
config server (page 10) is a mongod instance that holds metadata about the cluster. The metadata
maps chunks to shards. For more information, see Config Servers (page 10).

Routing Instances :
Each router is a mongos instance that routes the reads and writes from applications to the shards.
Applications do not access the shards directly.

Sharding is the only solution for some classes of deployments. Use sharded clusters if:
1 your data set approaches or exceeds the storage capacity of a single MongoDB instance.
2 the size of your system’s active working set will soon exceed the capacity of your system’s maximum RAM.
3 a single MongoDB instance cannot meet the demands of your write operations, and all other approaches have
not reduced contention.

開始部署搭建

Deploy a Sharded Cluster
1 Start the Config Server Database Instances?
1.1 create data directories for each of the three config server instances
mkdir -p /opt/data/configdb

1.2 Start the three config server instances. Start each by issuing a command using the following syntax:

ignore this，do it later

1.3 config file
[root@472322 configdb]# vim /etc/mongodb/37018.conf
# This is an example config file for MongoDB
dbpath = /opt/data/configdb2
port = 37018
rest = true
fork = true
logpath = /var/log/mongodb12.log
logappend = true
directoryperdb = true
configsvr = true

[root@472322 configdb]# vim /etc/mongodb/37017.conf
# This is an example config file for MongoDB
dbpath = /opt/data/configdb1
port = 37017
rest = true
fork = true
logpath = /var/log/mongodb12.log
logappend = true
directoryperdb = true
configsvr = true

[root@472322 configdb]# vim /etc/mongodb/37019.conf
# This is an example config file for MongoDB
dbpath = /opt/data/configdb3
port = 37019
rest = true
fork = true
logpath = /var/log/mongodb13.log
logappend = true
directoryperdb = true
configsvr = true

1.4 start mongodb server
/db/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongodb/37019.conf
/db/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongodb/37018.conf
/db/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongodb/37017.conf

2 Start the mongos Instances
The mongos instances are lightweight and do not require data directories. You can run a mongos instance on a system that runs other cluster components,
such as on an application server or a server running a mongod process. By default, a mongos instance runs on port 27017.
/db/mongodb/bin/mongos --configdb 20.10x.91.119:37017,20.10x.91.119:37018,20.10x.91.119:37019
or run " nohup /db/mongodb/bin/mongos --configdb 20.10x.91.119:37017,20.10x.91.119:37018,20.10x.91.119:37019 & "

2.1 start mongos on default port 27017
[root@472322 ~]# nohup /db/mongodb/bin/mongos --configdb 20.10x.91.119:37017,20.10x.91.119:37018,20.10x.91.119:37019 &
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 /db/mongodb/bin/mongos db version v2.0.1, pdfile version 4.5 starting (--help for usage)
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 git version: 3a5cf0e2134a830d38d2d1aae7e88cac31bdd684
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 build info: Linux bs-linux64.10gen.cc 2.6.21.7-2.ec2.v1.2.fc8xen #1 SMP Fri Nov 20 17:48:28 EST 2009 x86_64 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_41
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 SyncClusterConnection connecting to [20.10x.91.119:37017]
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 SyncClusterConnection connecting to [20.10x.91.119:37018]
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 SyncClusterConnection connecting to [20.10x.91.119:37019]
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [Balancer] about to contact config servers and shards
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [websvr] admin web console waiting for connections on port 28017
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [Balancer] SyncClusterConnection connecting to [20.10x.91.119:37017]
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [mongosMain] waiting for connections on port 27017
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [Balancer] SyncClusterConnection connecting to [20.10x.91.119:37018]
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [Balancer] SyncClusterConnection connecting to [20.10x.91.119:37019]
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [Balancer] config servers and shards contacted successfully
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [Balancer] balancer id: 472322.ea.com:27017 started at Aug 6 07:40:09
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [Balancer] created new distributed lock for balancer on 20.10x.91.119:37017,20.10x.91.119:37018,20.10x.91.119:37019 ( lock timeout : 900000, ping interval : 30000, process : 0 )
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [Balancer] SyncClusterConnection connecting to [20.10x.91.119:37017]
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [Balancer] SyncClusterConnection connecting to [20.10x.91.119:37018]
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [Balancer] SyncClusterConnection connecting to [20.10x.91.119:37019]
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [Balancer] SyncClusterConnection connecting to [20.10x.91.119:37017]
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [Balancer] SyncClusterConnection connecting to [20.10x.91.119:37018]
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [Balancer] SyncClusterConnection connecting to [20.10x.91.119:37019]
Tue Aug 6 07:40:09 [LockPinger] creating distributed lock ping thread for 20.10x.91.119:37017,20.10x.91.119:37018,20.10x.91.119:37019 and process 472322.ea.com:27017:1375774809:1804289383 (sleeping for 30000ms)
Tue Aug 6 07:40:10 [Balancer] distributed lock 'balancer/472322.ea.com:27017:1375774809:1804289383' acquired, ts : 5200a8598caa3e21e9888bd3
Tue Aug 6 07:40:10 [Balancer] distributed lock 'balancer/472322.ea.com:27017:1375774809:1804289383' unlocked.

Tue Aug 6 07:40:20 [Balancer] distributed lock 'balancer/472322.ea.com:27017:1375774809:1804289383' acquired, ts : 5200a8648caa3e21e9888bd4
Tue Aug 6 07:40:20 [Balancer] distributed lock 'balancer/472322.ea.com:27017:1375774809:1804289383' unlocked.
Tue Aug 6 07:40:30 [Balancer] distributed lock 'balancer/472322.ea.com:27017:1375774809:1804289383' acquired, ts : 5200a86e8caa3e21e9888bd5
Tue Aug 6 07:40:30 [Balancer] distributed lock 'balancer/472322.ea.com:27017:1375774809:1804289383' unlocked.
Tue Aug 6 07:40:40 [Balancer] distributed lock 'balancer/472322.ea.com:27017:1375774809:1804289383' acquired, ts : 5200a8788caa3e21e9888bd6
Tue Aug 6 07:40:40 [Balancer] distributed lock 'balancer/472322.ea.com:27017:1375774809:1804289383' unlocked.

2.2 start others mongos in appointed port 27018,27019
nohup /db/mongodb/bin/mongos --configdb 20.10x.91.119:37017,20.10x.91.119:37018,20.10x.91.119:37019 --port 27018 --chunkSize 1 --logpath /var/log/mongos2.log --fork &
nohup /db/mongodb/bin/mongos --configdb 20.10x.91.119:37017,20.10x.91.119:37018,20.10x.91.119:37019 --port 27019 --chunkSize 1 --logpath /var/log/mongos3.log --fork &

3 [root@472322 ~]# /db/mongodb/bin/mongo --host 20.10x.91.119 --port 27017
the replica sets have not been created, so do it soon.

4 prepare the replica sets
4.1 the first sets
4.1.1 create the data directory
mkdir -p /opt/db/mongodb-data/db37
mkdir -p /opt/db/mongodb-data/db38
mkdir -p /opt/db/mongodb-data/db39

4.1.2 set the config files 27037.conf
[root@472322 mongodb]# vi 27037.conf
dbpath =/opt/db/mongodb-data/db37
port = 27037
rest = true
fork = true
logpath = /var/log/mongodb37.log
logappend = true
replSet = rpl
#diaglog = 3
profile = 3
slowms=50
oplogSize=4000

4.1.3 set the config files 27039.conf
[root@472322 mongodb]# vi 27039.conf
# This is an example config file for MongoDB
dbpath =/opt/db/mongodb-data/db39
port = 27039
rest = true
fork = true
logpath = /var/log/mongodb39.log
logappend = true
replSet = rpl
#diaglog = 3
profile = 3
slowms=50
oplogSize=4000

4.1.4 set the config files 27038.conf
[root@472322 mongodb]# vi 27038.conf
# This is an example config file for MongoDB
dbpath =/opt/db/mongodb-data/db38
port = 27038
rest = true
fork = true
logpath = /var/log/mongodb38.log
logappend = true
replSet = rpl
#diaglog = 3
profile = 3
slowms=50
oplogSize=4000

4.1.5 start replica set
config = {_id: 'rpl1', members: [
   {_id: 0, host: '127.0.0.1:27027'},
   {_id: 1, host: '127.0.0.1:27028'},
   {_id: 3, host: '127.0.0.1:27029', arbiterOnly: true}
  ]};
  > config = {_id: 'rpl1', members: [
  ... {_id: 0, host: '127.0.0.1:27027'},
  ... {_id: 1, host: '127.0.0.1:27028'},
  ... {_id: 3, host: '127.0.0.1:27029', arbiterOnly: true}
  ... ]};
  {
    "_id" : "rpl1",
    "members" : [
      {
        "_id" : 0,
        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27027"
      },
      {
        "_id" : 1,
        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27028"
      },
      {
        "_id" : 3,
        "host" : "127.0.0.1:27029",
        "arbiterOnly" : true
      }
    ]
  }

  rs.initiate(config);
  > rs.initiate(config);
  {
    "info" : "Config now saved locally. Should come online in about a minute.",
    "ok" : 1
  }
  rs.status();
  PRIMARY> rs.status();
  {
    "set" : "rpl1",
    "date" : ISODate("2013-08-06T09:18:39Z"),
    "myState" : 1,
    "members" : [
      {
        "_id" : 0,
        "name" : "127.0.0.1:27027",
        "health" : 1,
        "state" : 1,
        "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
        "optime" : {
          "t" : 1375780672000,
          "i" : 1
        },
        "optimeDate" : ISODate("2013-08-06T09:17:52Z"),
        "self" : true
      },
      {
        "_id" : 1,
        "name" : "127.0.0.1:27028",
        "health" : 1,
        "state" : 2,
        "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
        "uptime" : 29,
        "optime" : {
          "t" : 1375780672000,
          "i" : 1
        },
        "optimeDate" : ISODate("2013-08-06T09:17:52Z"),
        "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2013-08-06T09:18:38Z"),
        "pingMs" : 0
      },
      {
        "_id" : 3,
        "name" : "127.0.0.1:27029",
        "health" : 1,
        "state" : 7,
        "stateStr" : "ARBITER",
        "uptime" : 31,
        "optime" : {
          "t" : 0,
          "i" : 0
        },
        "optimeDate" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),
        "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2013-08-06T09:18:38Z"),
        "pingMs" : 0
      }
    ],
    "ok" : 1
  }

4.2 the second sets
do the same to 4.1 in 27037,27038,27039 ports
  config = {_id: 'rpl2', members: [
   {_id: 0, host: '127.0.0.1:27037'},
   {_id: 1, host: '127.0.0.1:27038'},
   {_id: 3, host: '127.0.0.1:27039', arbiterOnly: true}
  ]};
  rs.initiate(config);
  rs.status();

5 Add Shards to the Cluster
A shard can be a standalone mongod or a replica set. In a production environment, each shard should be a replica set.
5.1 From a mongo shell, connect to the mongos instance. Issue a command using the following syntax:
[root@472322 mongodb]# /db/mongodb/bin/mongo --host 20.10x.91.119 --port 27017
MongoDB shell version: 2.0.1
connecting to: 20.10x.91.119:27017/test
mongos>

5.2 add the replica rpl1 into shards
sh.addShard( "rpl1/127.0.0.1:27027" );
mongos> sh.addShard( "rpl1/127.0.0.1:27027" );
command failed: {
   "ok" : 0,
   "errmsg" : "can't use localhost as a shard since all shards need to communicate. either use all shards and configdbs in localhost or all in actual IPs host: 127.0.0.1:27027 isLocalHost:1"
}
Tue Aug 6 09:41:16 uncaught exception: error { "$err" : "can't find a shard to put new db on", "code" : 10185 }
mongos>
can't use the localhost or 127.0.0.1, so change to the real ip address of "20.10x.91.119".
mongos> sh.addShard( "rpl1/20.10x.91.119:27027" );
command failed: {
   "ok" : 0,
   "errmsg" : "in seed list rpl1/20.10x.91.119:27027, host 20.10x.91.119:27027 does not belong to replica set rpl1"
}
Tue Aug 6 09:42:26 uncaught exception: error { "$err" : "can't find a shard to put new db on", "code" : 10185 }
mongos>
sh.addShard( "rpl1/20.10x.91.119:27027,20.10x.91.119:27028,20.10x.91.119:27029" );

so, replica sets config 127.0.0.1, 20.10x.91.119 can't be recognized,it is wrong. i should config it again.

5.2.1 delete all db files, then restart mongodb, then config again

  config = {_id: 'rpl1', members: [
   {_id: 0, host: '20.10x.91.119:27027'},
   {_id: 1, host: '20.10x.91.119:27028'},
   {_id: 3, host: '20.10x.91.119:27029', arbiterOnly: true}
   ]};
  rs.initiate(config);
  rs.status();

  config = {_id: 'rpl2', members: [
   {_id: 0, host: '20.10x.91.119:27037'},
   {_id: 1, host: '20.10x.91.119:27038'},
   {_id: 3, host: '20.10x.91.119:27039', arbiterOnly: true}
   ]};
  rs.initiate(config);
  rs.status();

5.2.2 add replica sets to shards again, it is ok.
[root@472322 ~]# /db/mongodb/bin/mongo --host 20.10x.91.119 --port 27017
MongoDB shell version: 2.0.1
connecting to: 20.10x.91.119:27017/test
mongos> sh.addShard( "rpl1/20.10x.91.119:27027,20.10x.91.119:27028,20.10x.91.119:27029" );
mongos>

6 Enable Sharding for a Database
Before you can shard a collection, you must enable sharding for the collection’s database.
Enabling sharding for a database does not redistribute data but make it possible to shard the collections in that database.
6.1 1.From a mongo shell, connect to the mongos instance. Issue a command using the following syntax:
sh.enableSharding("")

6.2 Optionally, you can enable sharding for a database using the enableSharding command, which uses the following syntax:
db.runCommand( { enableSharding: } )

7 Convert a Replica Set to a Replicated Sharded Cluster
簡介梳理The procedure, from a high level, is as follows:
7.1.Create or select a 3-member replica set and insert some data into a collection. done
7.2.Start the config databases and create a cluster with a single shard. done.
7.3.Create a second replica set with three new mongod instances. done
7.4.Add the second replica set as a shard in the cluster. haven't
7.5.Enable sharding on the desired collection or collections. haven't

開始操作
7.2 Add the second replica set as a shard in the cluster.
sh.addShard( "rpl2/20.10x.91.119:27037,20.10x.91.119:27038,20.10x.91.119:27039" );
it is okay.

7.3 Verify that both shards are properly configured by running the listShards command.
mongos> use admin
switched to db admin
mongos> db.runCommand({listShards:1})
{
   "shards" : [
     {
       "_id" : "rpl1",
       "host" : "rpl1/20.10x.91.119:27027,20.10x.91.119:27028,20.10x.91.119:27029"
     },
     {
       "_id" : "rpl2",
       "host" : "rpl2/20.10x.91.119:27037,20.10x.91.119:27038,20.10x.91.119:27039"
     }
   ],
   "ok" : 1
}
mongos>

7.4 insert into 1000,000 data to test.tickets,and shared the tickets collections.
mongos> db.runCommand( { enableSharding : "test" } );
{ "ok" : 1 }
mongos> use admin
mongos> db.runCommand( { shardCollection : "test.tickets", key : {"number":1} });
{
   "proposedKey" : {
     "number" : 1
   },
   "curIndexes" : [
     {
       "v" : 1,
       "key" : {
         "_id" : 1
       },
       "ns" : "test.tickets",
       "name" : "_id_"
     }
   ],
   "ok" : 0,
   "errmsg" : "please create an index over the sharding key before sharding."
}
mongos>
if enable index to share, must create index first.
db.tickets.ensureIndex({ip:1});
db.runCommand( { shardCollection : "test.tickets", key : {"ip":1} })

mongos> db.runCommand( { shardCollection : "test.tickets", key : {"ip":1} })
{ "collectionsharded" : "test.tickets", "ok" : 1 }
mongos>
The collection tickets is now sharded!

7.5 check in mongos
use test;
db.stats();
db.printShardingStatus();
there is no data chunks in rpl2,so sharedCollection is error.

7.6 i decided to add the second shared again, first remove,and then add.
7.6.1 Use the listShards command, as in the following:
db.adminCommand( { listShards: 1 } );
get the share name

7.6.2 Remove Chunks from the Shard
db.runCommand( { removeShard: "rpl2" } );
mongos> use admin
switched to db admin
mongos> db.runCommand( { removeShard: "rpl2" } );
{
   "msg" : "draining started successfully",
   "state" : "started",
   "shard" : "rpl2",
   "ok" : 1
}
mongos>

check
db.adminCommand( { listShards: 1 } ); it is ok. when i insert data for tickets in mongo 27027 of first shard, the data can't be switched to the second shard.
why ? i asked for HYG, he told me that we must insert data in mongos windown,if not ,the data can't be switched,so i will try to do it soon.

7.7 insert data in mongos command window
db.tc2.ensureIndex({xx:1});
db.runCommand( { shardCollection : "test.tc2", key : {"xx":1} })
for( var i = 1; i < 2000000; i++ ) db.tc2.insert({ "xx":i, "fapp" : "84eb9fb556074d6481e31915ac2427f0", "dne" : "ueeDEhIB6tmP4cfY43NwWvAenzKWx19znmbheAuBl4j39U8uFXS1QGi2GCMHO7L21szgeF6Iquqmnw8kfJbvZUs/11RyxcoRm+otbUJyPPxFkevzv4SrI3kGxczG6Lsd19NBpyskaElCTtVKxwvQyBNgciXYq6cO/8ntV2C6cwQ=", "eml" : "q5x68h3qyVBqp3ollJrY3XEkXECjPEncXhbJjga+3hYoa4zYNhrNmBN91meL3o7jsBI/N6qe2bb2BOnOJNAnBMDzhNmPqJKG/ZVLfT9jpNkUD/pQ4oJENMv72L2GZoiyym2IFT+oT3N0KFhcv08b9ke9tm2EHTGcBsGg1R40Ah+Y/5z89OI4ERmI/48qjvaw", "uid" : "sQt92NUPr3CpCVnbpotU2lqRNVfZD6k/9TGW62UT7ExZYF8Dp1cWIVQoYNQVyFRLkxjmCoa8m6DiLiL/fPdG1k7WYGUH4ueXXK2yfVn/AGUk3pQbIuh7nFbqZCrAQtEY7gU0aIGC4sotAE8kghvCa5qWnSX0SWTViAE/esaWORo=", "agt" : "PHP/eaSSOPlugin", "sd" : "S15345853557133877", "pt" : 3795, "ip" : "211.223.160.34", "av" : "http://secure.download.dm.origin.com/production/avatar/prod/1/599/40x40.JPEG", "nex" : ISODate("2013-01-18T04:00:32.41Z"), "exy" : ISODate("2013-01-18T01:16:32.015Z"), "chk" : "sso4648609868740971", "aid" : "Ciyvab0tregdVsBtboIpeChe4G6uzC1v5_-SIxmvSLLINJClUkXJhNvWkSUnajzi8xsv1DGYm0D3V46LLFI-61TVro9-HrZwyRwyTf9NwYIyentrgAY_qhs8fh7unyfB", "tid" : "rUqFhONysi0yA==13583853927872", "date" : ISODate("2012-02-17T01:16:32.787Z"), "v" : "2.0.0", "scope" : [], "rug" : false, "schk" : true, "fjs" : false, "sites" : [{      "name" : "Origin.com",      "id" : "nb09xrt8384147bba27c2f12e112o8k9",      "last" : ISODate("2013-01-17T01:16:32.787Z"),      "_id" : ObjectId("50f750f06a56028661000f20")    }]});

watch the status of sharding, use the command of "db.printShardingStatus();"
mongos> db.printShardingStatus();
--- Sharding Status ---
   sharding version: { "_id" : 1, "version" : 3 }
   shards:
   { "_id" : "rpl1", "host" : "rpl1/20.10x.91.119:27027,20.10x.91.119:27028" }
   { "_id" : "rpl2", "host" : "rpl2/20.10x.91.119:27037,20.10x.91.119:27038" }
   databases:
   { "_id" : "admin", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "config" }
   { "_id" : "test", "partitioned" : true, "primary" : "rpl1" }
     test.tc chunks:
         rpl1    1
       { "ip" : { $minKey : 1 } } --&gt> { "ip" : { $maxKey : 1 } } on : rpl1 { "t" : 1000, "i" : 0 }
     test.tc2 chunks:
         rpl1    62
         rpl2    61
       too many chunks to print, use verbose if you want to force print
     test.tickets chunks:
         rpl1    1
       { "ip" : { $minKey : 1 } } --&gt> { "ip" : { $maxKey : 1 } } on : rpl1 { "t" : 1000, "i" : 0 }
   { "_id" : "adin", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "rpl1" }

mongos>

if we want to see the detail of "too many chunks to print, use verbose if you want to force print",we should use the parameter vvvv.
db.printShardingStatus("vvvv");
mongos> db.printShardingStatus("vvvv")
--- Sharding Status ---
   sharding version: { "_id" : 1, "version" : 3 }
   shards:
   { "_id" : "rpl1", "host" : "rpl1/20.10x.91.119:27027,20.10x.91.119:27028" }
   { "_id" : "rpl2", "host" : "rpl2/20.10x.91.119:27037,20.10x.91.119:27038" }
   databases:
   { "_id" : "admin", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "config" }
   { "_id" : "test", "partitioned" : true, "primary" : "rpl1" }
     test.tc chunks:
         rpl1    1
       { "ip" : { $minKey : 1 } } --&gt> { "ip" : { $maxKey : 1 } } on : rpl1 { "t" : 1000, "i" : 0 }
     test.tc2 chunks:
         rpl1    62
         rpl2    61
       { "xx" : { $minKey : 1 } } --&gt> { "xx" : 1 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 59000, "i" : 1 }
       { "xx" : 1 } --&gt> { "xx" : 2291 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 2 }
       { "xx" : 2291 } --&gt> { "xx" : 4582 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 4 }
       { "xx" : 4582 } --&gt> { "xx" : 6377 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 6 }
       { "xx" : 6377 } --&gt> { "xx" : 8095 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 8 }
       { "xx" : 8095 } --&gt> { "xx" : 9813 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 10 }
       { "xx" : 9813 } --&gt> { "xx" : 11919 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 12 }
       { "xx" : 11919 } --&gt> { "xx" : 14210 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 14 }
       { "xx" : 14210 } --&gt> { "xx" : 18563 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 16 }
       { "xx" : 18563 } --&gt> { "xx" : 23146 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 18 }
       { "xx" : 23146 } --&gt> { "xx" : 27187 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 20 }
       { "xx" : 27187 } --&gt> { "xx" : 31770 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 22 }
       { "xx" : 31770 } --&gt> { "xx" : 35246 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 24 }
       { "xx" : 35246 } --&gt> { "xx" : 38683 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 26 }
       { "xx" : 38683 } --&gt> { "xx" : 42120 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 28 }
       { "xx" : 42120 } --&gt> { "xx" : 45557 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 30 }
       { "xx" : 45557 } --&gt> { "xx" : 48994 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 32 }
       { "xx" : 48994 } --&gt> { "xx" : 53242 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 34 }
       { "xx" : 53242 } --&gt> { "xx" : 62409 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 36 }
       { "xx" : 62409 } --&gt> { "xx" : 71576 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 38 }
       { "xx" : 71576 } --&gt> { "xx" : 80743 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 40 }
       { "xx" : 80743 } --&gt> { "xx" : 89910 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 42 }
       { "xx" : 89910 } --&gt> { "xx" : 99077 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 44 }
       { "xx" : 99077 } --&gt> { "xx" : 119382 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 46 }
       { "xx" : 119382 } --&gt> { "xx" : 133133 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 48 }
       { "xx" : 133133 } --&gt> { "xx" : 146884 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 50 }
       { "xx" : 146884 } --&gt> { "xx" : 160635 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 52 }
       { "xx" : 160635 } --&gt> { "xx" : 178457 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 54 }
       { "xx" : 178457 } --&gt> { "xx" : 200508 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 56 }
       { "xx" : 200508 } --&gt> { "xx" : 214259 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 58 }
       { "xx" : 214259 } --&gt> { "xx" : 228010 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 60 }
       { "xx" : 228010 } --&gt> { "xx" : 241761 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 62 }
       { "xx" : 241761 } --&gt> { "xx" : 255512 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 64 }
       { "xx" : 255512 } --&gt> { "xx" : 279630 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 66 }
       { "xx" : 279630 } --&gt> { "xx" : 301723 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 68 }
       { "xx" : 301723 } --&gt> { "xx" : 317196 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 70 }
       { "xx" : 317196 } --&gt> { "xx" : 336533 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 72 }
       { "xx" : 336533 } --&gt> { "xx" : 359500 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 74 }
       { "xx" : 359500 } --&gt> { "xx" : 385354 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 76 }
       { "xx" : 385354 } --&gt> { "xx" : 400837 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 78 }
       { "xx" : 400837 } --&gt> { "xx" : 422259 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 80 }
       { "xx" : 422259 } --&gt> { "xx" : 444847 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 82 }
       { "xx" : 444847 } --&gt> { "xx" : 472084 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 84 }
       { "xx" : 472084 } --&gt> { "xx" : 490796 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 86 }
       { "xx" : 490796 } --&gt> { "xx" : 509498 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 88 }
       { "xx" : 509498 } --&gt> { "xx" : 534670 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 90 }
       { "xx" : 534670 } --&gt> { "xx" : 561927 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 92 }
       { "xx" : 561927 } --&gt> { "xx" : 586650 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 94 }
       { "xx" : 586650 } --&gt> { "xx" : 606316 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 96 }
       { "xx" : 606316 } --&gt> { "xx" : 632292 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 98 }
       { "xx" : 632292 } --&gt> { "xx" : 650179 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 100 }
       { "xx" : 650179 } --&gt> { "xx" : 670483 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 102 }
       { "xx" : 670483 } --&gt> { "xx" : 695898 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 104 }
       { "xx" : 695898 } --&gt> { "xx" : 719853 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 106 }
       { "xx" : 719853 } --&gt> { "xx" : 734751 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 108 }
       { "xx" : 734751 } --&gt> { "xx" : 757143 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 110 }
       { "xx" : 757143 } --&gt> { "xx" : 773800 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 112 }
       { "xx" : 773800 } --&gt> { "xx" : 796919 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 114 }
       { "xx" : 796919 } --&gt> { "xx" : 814262 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 116 }
       { "xx" : 814262 } --&gt> { "xx" : 837215 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 118 }
       { "xx" : 837215 } --&gt> { "xx" : 855766 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 120 }
       { "xx" : 855766 } --&gt> { "xx" : 869517 } on : rpl1 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 122 }
       { "xx" : 869517 } --&gt> { "xx" : 883268 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 59000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 883268 } --&gt> { "xx" : 897019 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 58000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 897019 } --&gt> { "xx" : 919595 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 57000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 919595 } --&gt> { "xx" : 946611 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 56000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 946611 } --&gt> { "xx" : 966850 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 55000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 966850 } --&gt> { "xx" : 989291 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 54000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 989291 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1008580 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 53000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1008580 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1022331 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 52000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1022331 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1036082 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 51000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1036082 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1060888 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 50000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1060888 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1088121 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 49000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1088121 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1101872 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 48000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1101872 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1122160 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 47000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1122160 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1143537 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 46000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1143537 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1168372 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 45000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1168372 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1182123 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 44000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1182123 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1201952 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 43000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1201952 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1219149 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 42000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1219149 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1232900 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 41000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1232900 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1247184 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 40000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1247184 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1270801 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 39000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1270801 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1294343 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 38000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1294343 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1313250 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 37000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1313250 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1336332 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 36000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1336332 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1358840 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 35000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1358840 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1372591 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 34000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1372591 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1386342 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 33000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1386342 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1400093 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 32000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1400093 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1418372 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 31000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1418372 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1440590 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 30000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1440590 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1461034 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 29000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1461034 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1488305 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 28000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1488305 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1510326 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 27000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1510326 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1531986 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 26000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1531986 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1545737 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 25000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1545737 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1559488 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 24000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1559488 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1576755 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 23000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1576755 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1596977 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 22000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1596977 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1619863 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 21000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1619863 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1633614 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 20000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1633614 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1647365 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 19000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1647365 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1668372 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 18000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1668372 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1682123 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 17000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1682123 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1695874 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 16000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1695874 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1711478 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 15000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1711478 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1738684 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 14000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1738684 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1758083 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 13000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1758083 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1773229 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 12000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1773229 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1794767 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 11000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1794767 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1808518 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 10000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1808518 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1834892 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 9000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1834892 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1848643 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 8000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1848643 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1873297 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 7000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1873297 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1887048 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 6000, "i" : 2 }
       { "xx" : 1887048 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1911702 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 6000, "i" : 3 }
       { "xx" : 1911702 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1918372 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 5000, "i" : 0 }
       { "xx" : 1918372 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1932123 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 7000, "i" : 2 }
       { "xx" : 1932123 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1959185 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 7000, "i" : 3 }
       { "xx" : 1959185 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1972936 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 9000, "i" : 2 }
       { "xx" : 1972936 } --&gt> { "xx" : 1999999 } on : rpl2 { "t" : 9000, "i" : 3 }
       { "xx" : 1999999 } --&gt> { "xx" : { $maxKey : 1 } } on : rpl2 { "t" : 2000, "i" : 0 }
     test.tickets chunks:
         rpl1    1
       { "ip" : { $minKey : 1 } } --&gt> { "ip" : { $maxKey : 1 } } on : rpl1 { "t" : 1000, "i" : 0 }
   { "_id" : "adin", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "rpl1" }

mongos>

7.7.2 vertify if it is a sharding
[root@472322 ~]# /db/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 27027
MongoDB shell version: 2.0.1
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27027/test
PRIMARY> db.runCommand({ isdbgrid:1 });
{
   "errmsg" : "no such cmd: isdbgrid",
   "bad cmd" : {
     "isdbgrid" : 1
   },
   "ok" : 0
}
PRIMARY>
there is errmsg info, run it in wrong windows,maybe run it in the mongos window.

[root@472322 ~]# /db/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 27017
MongoDB shell version: 2.0.1
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27017/test
mongos> db.runCommand({ isdbgrid:1 });
{ "isdbgrid" : 1, "hostname" : "472322.ea.com", "ok" : 1 }
mongos>
ok, "isdbgrid" : 1 means it is a sharding.

7.8 shared for unshared collection
7.8.1 prepared a collection in mongo window.
for( var i = 1; i < 2000000; i++ ) db.tc3.insert({ "xx":i, "fapp" : "84eb9fb556074d6481e31915ac2427f0", "dne" : "ueeDEhIB6tmP4cfY43NwWvAenzKWx19znmbheAuBl4j39U8uFXS1QGi2GCMHO7L21szgeF6Iquqmnw8kfJbvZUs/11RyxcoRm+otbUJyPPxFkevzv4SrI3kGxczG6Lsd19NBpyskaElCTtVKxwvQyBNgciXYq6cO/8ntV2C6cwQ=", "eml" : "q5x68h3qyVBqp3ollJrY3XEkXECjPEncXhbJjga+3hYoa4zYNhrNmBN91meL3o7jsBI/N6qe2bb2BOnOJNAnBMDzhNmPqJKG/ZVLfT9jpNkUD/pQ4oJENMv72L2GZoiyym2IFT+oT3N0KFhcv08b9ke9tm2EHTGcBsGg1R40Ah+Y/5z89OI4ERmI/48qjvaw", "uid" : "sQt92NUPr3CpCVnbpotU2lqRNVfZD6k/9TGW62UT7ExZYF8Dp1cWIVQoYNQVyFRLkxjmCoa8m6DiLiL/fPdG1k7WYGUH4ueXXK2yfVn/AGUk3pQbIuh7nFbqZCrAQtEY7gU0aIGC4sotAE8kghvCa5qWnSX0SWTViAE/esaWORo=", "agt" : "PHP/eaSSOPlugin", "sd" : "S15345853557133877", "pt" : 3795, "ip" : "211.223.160.34", "av" : "http://secure.download.dm.origin.com/production/avatar/prod/1/599/40x40.JPEG", "nex" : ISODate("2013-01-18T04:00:32.41Z"), "exy" : ISODate("2013-01-18T01:16:32.015Z"), "chk" : "sso4648609868740971", "aid" : "Ciyvab0tregdVsBtboIpeChe4G6uzC1v5_-SIxmvSLLINJClUkXJhNvWkSUnajzi8xsv1DGYm0D3V46LLFI-61TVro9-HrZwyRwyTf9NwYIyentrgAY_qhs8fh7unyfB", "tid" : "rUqFhONysi0yA==13583853927872", "date" : ISODate("2012-02-17T01:16:32.787Z"), "v" : "2.0.0", "scope" : [], "rug" : false, "schk" : true, "fjs" : false, "sites" : [{      "name" : "Origin.com",      "id" : "nb09xrt8384147bba27c2f12e112o8k9",      "last" : ISODate("2013-01-17T01:16:32.787Z"),      "_id" : ObjectId("50f750f06a56028661000f20")    }]});
db.tc3.ensureIndex({xx:1});
see the status of sharding
db.tc3.stats();
mongos> db.tc3.stats();
{
   "sharded" : false,
   "primary" : "rpl1",
   "ns" : "test.tc3",
   "count" : 1999999,
   "size" : 2439998940,
   "avgObjSize" : 1220.00008000004,
   "storageSize" : 2480209920,
   "numExtents" : 29,
   "nindexes" : 2,
   "lastExtentSize" : 417480704,
   "paddingFactor" : 1,
   "flags" : 1,
   "totalIndexSize" : 115232544,
   "indexSizes" : {
     "_id_" : 64909264,
     "xx_1" : 50323280
   },
   "ok" : 1
}
mongos>

7.8.2 enable the sharding,Shard a Collection Using a Hashed Shard Key "xx"
sh.shardCollection( "test.tc3", { xx: "hashed" } ) or db.runCommand( { shardCollection : "test.tc3", key : {"xx":1} })
mongos> sh.shardCollection( "test.tc3", { xx: "hashed" } ) ;
command failed: { "ok" : 0, "errmsg" : "shard keys must all be ascending" }
shard keys must all be ascending
mongos>
why failed ? i see the
and found "New in version 2.4: Use the form {field: "hashed"} to create a hashed shard key. Hashed shard keys may not be compound indexes.",
and the current is 2.0.1,so i should use the other way to enable.
mongos> db.runCommand( { shardCollection : "test.tc3", key : {"xx":1} })
{ "ok" : 0, "errmsg" : "access denied - use admin db" }
mongos> use admin
switched to db admin
mongos> db.runCommand( { shardCollection : "test.tc3", key : {"xx":1} })
{ "collectionsharded" : "test.tc3", "ok" : 1 }
mongos>
nice,enable successfully.

7.8.3 and see the status of sharding
mongos> use test;
switched to db test
mongos> db.tc3.stats();
{
   "sharded" : true, -- nice, it is a sharding now
   "flags" : 1,
   "ns" : "test.tc3",
   "count" : 2005360,
   "numExtents" : 48,
   "size" : 2446539448,
   "storageSize" : 2979864576,
   "totalIndexSize" : 116573408,
   "indexSizes" : {
     "_id_" : 65105488,
     "xx_1" : 51467920
   },
   "avgObjSize" : 1220.0001236685682,
   "nindexes" : 2,
   "nchunks" : 73,
   "shards" : {
     "rpl1" : {
       "ns" : "test.tc3",
       "count" : 1647809,
       "size" : 2010326980,
       "avgObjSize" : 1220,
       "storageSize" : 2480209920,
       "numExtents" : 29,
       "nindexes" : 2,
       "lastExtentSize" : 417480704,
       "paddingFactor" : 1,
       "flags" : 1,
       "totalIndexSize" : 94956064,
       "indexSizes" : {
         "_id_" : 53487392,
         "xx_1" : 41468672
       },
       "ok" : 1
     },
     "rpl2" : {
       "ns" : "test.tc3",
       "count" : 357551,
       "size" : 436212468,
       "avgObjSize" : 1220.0006936073455,
       "storageSize" : 499654656,
       "numExtents" : 19,
       "nindexes" : 2,
       "lastExtentSize" : 89817088,
       "paddingFactor" : 1,
       "flags" : 1,
       "totalIndexSize" : 21617344,
       "indexSizes" : {
         "_id_" : 11618096,
         "xx_1" : 9999248
       },
       "ok" : 1
     }
   },
   "ok" : 1
}
mongos>

mongos> db.printShardingStatus();
--- Sharding Status ---
   sharding version: { "_id" : 1, "version" : 3 }
   shards:
   { "_id" : "rpl1", "host" : "rpl1/20.10x.91.119:27027,20.10x.91.119:27028" }
   { "_id" : "rpl2", "host" : "rpl2/20.10x.91.119:27037,20.10x.91.119:27038" }
   databases:
   { "_id" : "admin", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "config" }
   { "_id" : "test", "partitioned" : true, "primary" : "rpl1" }
     test.tc chunks:
         rpl1    1
       { "ip" : { $minKey : 1 } } --&gt> { "ip" : { $maxKey : 1 } } on : rpl1 { "t" : 1000, "i" : 0 }
     test.tc2 chunks:
         rpl1    62
         rpl2    61
       too many chunks to print, use verbose if you want to force print
     test.tc3 chunks:
         rpl2    19
         rpl1    54
       too many chunks to print, use verbose if you want to force print
       -- see this,there are 19 chunks in rpl2,so data is switching to rpl2 now.
     test.tickets chunks:
         rpl1    1
       { "ip" : { $minKey : 1 } } --&gt> { "ip" : { $maxKey

利用Mongodb的複製集搭建高可用分片，Replica Sets + Sharding的搭建過程

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