Android中常用動畫效果

lostinai發表於2013-07-16

Animation的4個基本動畫效果
What is Animation?

public abstract class
Animation

extends Object

implements Cloneable
Abstraction for an Animation that can be applied to Views, Surfaces, or other objects.

1、AlphaAnimation：淡入淡出效果

public class
AlphaAnimation

extends Animation
An animation that controls the alpha level of an object. Useful for fading things in and out. This animation ends up changing the alpha property of aTransformation

Public Constructors
AlphaAnimation(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)

Constructor used when an AlphaAnimation is loaded from a resource.
AlphaAnimation(float fromAlpha, float toAlpha)

Constructor to use when building an AlphaAnimation from code

public class
AnimationSet

extends Animation
Represents a group of Animations that should be played together. The transformation of each individual animation are composed together into a single transform. If AnimationSet sets any properties that its children also set (for example, duration or fillBefore),
 the values of AnimationSet override the child values.


在程式碼中實現動畫效果的方法：

ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(true);
AlphaAnimation alphaAnimation = new AlphaAnimation(0, 1);
alphaAnimation.setDuration(1000);
alphaAnimation.setStartOffset(10000);
animationSet.addAnimation(alphaAnimation);
//animationSet.setStartOffset(10000);
animationSet.setFillBefore(false);
animationSet.setFillAfter(true);
imageView.startAnimation(animationSet);


在XML檔案中實現動畫效果的方法：


① 在res目錄下建立一個anim資料夾，在裡面新增一個alpha.xml檔案：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"
	android:fillAfter="true"
	android:fillBefore="false">
	<alpha
		android:fromAlpha="1.0"
		android:toAlpha="0.0"
		android:startOffset="1000"
		android:duration="1000" />

</set>
② 在Activity中使用AnimationUtils獲取Animation並進行設定：

Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.alpha);
imageView.startAnimation(animation);

2、ScaleAnimation：縮放效果

public class
ScaleAnimation

extends Animation
An animation that controls the scale of an object. You can specify the point to use for the center of scaling.

Public Constructors
ScaleAnimation(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)

Constructor used when a ScaleAnimation is loaded from a resource.
ScaleAnimation(float fromX, float toX, float fromY, float toY)

Constructor to use when building a ScaleAnimation from code
ScaleAnimation(float fromX, float toX, float fromY, float toY, float pivotX, float pivotY)

Constructor to use when building a ScaleAnimation from code
ScaleAnimation(float fromX, float toX, float fromY, float toY, int pivotXType, float pivotXValue, int pivotYType, float pivotYValue)

Constructor to use when building a ScaleAnimation from code


在程式碼中實現動畫效果：

ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(true);
ScaleAnimation scaleAnimation = new ScaleAnimation(1, 0.5f, 1, 0.5f,
		Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 1f,
		Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 1f);
animationSet.addAnimation(scaleAnimation);
animationSet.setDuration(1000);
imageView.startAnimation(animationSet);


在XML檔案中實現動畫效果的方法：


① 在res的anim資料夾下，建立一個scale.xml檔案：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator">

	<scale android:fromXScale="1.0"
		android:toXScale="0.0"
		android:fromYScale="1.0"
		android:toYScale="0.0"
		android:pivotX="50%"
		android:pivotY="50%"
		android:duration="2000" />

</set>
② 在Activity中使用AnimationUtils獲取Animation並進行設定：

Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.scale);
imageView.startAnimation(animation);

3、Rotate：旋轉效果

public class
RotateAnimation

extends Animation
An animation that controls the rotation of an object. This rotation takes place int the X-Y plane. You can specify the point to use for the center of the rotation, where (0,0) is the top left point. If not specified, (0,0) is the default rotation point.

Public Constructors
RotateAnimation(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)

Constructor used when a RotateAnimation is loaded from a resource.
RotateAnimation(float fromDegrees, float toDegrees)

Constructor to use when building a RotateAnimation from code.
RotateAnimation(float fromDegrees, float toDegrees, float pivotX, float pivotY)

Constructor to use when building a RotateAnimation from code
RotateAnimation(float fromDegrees, float toDegrees, int pivotXType, float pivotXValue, int pivotYType, float pivotYValue)

Constructor to use when building a RotateAnimation from code


在程式碼中實現動畫效果：

ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(true);
RotateAnimation rotateAnimation = new RotateAnimation(0, 360,
		Animation.RELATIVE_TO_PARENT, 0.5f,
		Animation.RELATIVE_TO_PARENT, 0.5f);
rotateAnimation.setDuration(1000);
animationSet.addAnimation(rotateAnimation);
imageView.startAnimation(animationSet);


在XML檔案中實現動畫效果的方法：


① 在res的anim資料夾下，建立一個rotate.xml檔案：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator">

	<rotate android:fromDegrees="0"
		android:toDegrees="+360"
		android:pivotX="50%"
		android:pivotY="50%"
		android:duration="1000" />
</set>
② 在Activity中使用AnimationUtils獲取Animation並進行設定：

Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.rotate);
imageView.startAnimation(animation);

4、 Translate：移動效果

public class
TranslateAnimation

extends Animation
An animation that controls the position of an object.

Public Constructors
TranslateAnimation(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)

Constructor used when a TranslateAnimation is loaded from a resource.
TranslateAnimation(float fromXDelta, float toXDelta, float fromYDelta, float toYDelta)

Constructor to use when building a TranslateAnimation from code
TranslateAnimation(int fromXType, float fromXValue, int toXType, float toXValue, int fromYType, float fromYValue, int toYType, float toYValue)

Constructor to use when building a TranslateAnimation from code


在程式碼中實現動畫效果：

ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(true);
TranslateAnimation translateAnimation = new TranslateAnimation(
		Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0f,
		Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 1.0f,
		Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0f,
		Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 1.0f);
translateAnimation.setDuration(1000);
animationSet.addAnimation(translateAnimation);
imageView.startAnimation(animationSet);


在XML檔案中實現動畫效果的方法：


① 在res的anim資料夾下，建立一個translate.xml檔案：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator">

	<translate
		android:fromXDelta="0%p"
		android:toXDelta="100%p"
		android:fromYDelta="0%p"
		android:toYDelta="100%p"
		android:duration="1000" />

</set>
其中100%p表示相對於父空間的位置
② 在Activity中使用AnimationUtils獲取Animation並進行設定：

Animation animation = (Animation) AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.translate);
imageView.startAnimation(animation);

也可以使用AnimationSet為一個控制元件新增多個動畫，或者在xml檔案中新增多個動畫標籤，以下分別使用程式碼和XML檔案實現相同的效果：

程式碼中實現：

AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(false);
AlphaAnimation alpha = new AlphaAnimation(1.0f, 0.0f);
ScaleAnimation scale = new ScaleAnimation(1, 0.5f, 1, 0.5f,
Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f,
Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f);
animationSet.addAnimation(alpha);
animationSet.addAnimation(scale);
animationSet.setDuration(2000);
animationSet.setStartOffset(1000);
animationSet.setFillAfter(true);
imageView.startAnimation(animationSet);

XML實現：
alpha.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"
	android:shareInterpolator="true"
	android:fillAfter="true">

	<alpha
		android:fromAlpha="1.0"
		android:toAlpha="0.0"
		android:startOffset="1000"
		android:fillAfter="true"
		android:duration="2000" />

	<scale android:fromXScale="1.0"
		android:toXScale="0.5"
		android:fromYScale="1.0"
		android:toYScale="0.5"
		android:pivotX="50%"
		android:pivotY="50%"
		android:startOffset="1000"
		android:duration="2000" />
</set>
Activity中的程式碼：

Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.alpha);
imageView.startAnimation(animation);

Interpolator的使用


什麼是Interpolator

public class
Interpolator

extends Object

Interpolator定義了動畫變化的速率或規律，其具體的實現可以使用以下子類：


AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator：

public class
AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator

extends Object

implements Interpolator
An interpolator where the rate of change starts and ends slowly but accelerates through the middle.


AccelerateInterpolater：

public class
AccelerateInterpolator

extends Object

implements Interpolator
An interpolator where the rate of change starts out slowly and and then accelerates.


CycleInterpolator：

public class
CycleInterpolator

extends Object

implements Interpolator
Repeats the animation for a specified number of cycles. The rate of change follows a sinusoidal pattern.


DecelerateInterpolator：

public class
DecelerateInterpolator

extends Object

implements Interpolator
An interpolator where the rate of change starts out quickly and and then decelerates.


LinearInterpolator：

public class
LinearInterpolator

extends Object

implements Interpolator
An interpolator where the rate of change is constant.

這些Interpolator可以在程式碼或XML檔案中定義：


XML檔案定義在set標籤裡或每個動畫標籤


set標籤中定義：

<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"
	android:shareInterpolator="true"
	android:fillAfter="true">
每個動畫標籤中定義：

<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"
	android:shareInterpolator="false"
	android:fillAfter="true">
	<alpha
		android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"
		android:fromAlpha="1.0"
		android:toAlpha="0.0"
		android:startOffset="1000"
		android:fillAfter="true"
		android:duration="2000" />

	<scale
		android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_decelerate_interpolator"
		android:fromXScale="1.0"
		android:toXScale="0.5"
		android:fromYScale="1.0"
		android:toYScale="0.5"
		android:pivotX="50%"
		android:pivotY="50%"
		android:startOffset="1000"
		android:duration="2000" />
</set>


在程式碼中設定：

AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(true);
animationSet.setInterpolator(new AccelerateInterpolator());
或者分別為每個動畫設定：

AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(false);
AlphaAnimation alpha = new AlphaAnimation(1.0f, 0.0f);
alpha.setInterpolator(new AccelerateInterpolator());
ScaleAnimation scale = new ScaleAnimation(1, 0.5f, 1, 0.5f,
			Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f,
			Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f);
scale.setInterpolator(new AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator());

Frame-By-Frame Animations的使用
① 準備4張圖片run1.png,run2.png,run3.png,run4.png分別放到res的三個drawable資料夾中

② 在res的drawable-ldpi目錄下建立一個anim_run.xml檔案：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<animation-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	android:oneshot="false">
	<item android:drawable="@drawable/run1" android:duration="100" />
	<item android:drawable="@drawable/run2" android:duration="100" />
	<item android:drawable="@drawable/run3" android:duration="100" />
	<item android:drawable="@drawable/run4" android:duration="100" />
</animation-list>
③ 在Activity中使用xml檔案設定ImageView控制元件imageView的背景源，並獲取AnimationDrawable進行顯示動畫：

imageView.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.anim_run);
AnimationDrawable animationDrawable = (AnimationDrawable)imageView.getBackground();
animationDrawable.start();

使用LayoutAnimationController設定ListView的動畫


什麼是LayoutAnimationController？

public class
LayoutAnimationController

extends Object
A layout animation controller is used to animated a layout's, or a view group's, children. Each child uses the same animation but for every one of them, the animation starts at a different time. A layout animation controller is used by ViewGroup to compute
 the delay by which each child's animation start must be offset. The delay is computed by using characteristics of each child, like its index in the view group. This standard implementation computes the delay by multiplying a fixed amount of miliseconds by
 the index of the child in its parent view group. Subclasses are supposed to override getDelayForView(android.view.View) to implement a different way of computing the delay. For instance, aGridLayoutAnimationController will compute the delay based on the column
 and row indices of the child in its parent view group. Information used to compute the animation delay of each child are stored in an instance of LayoutAnimationController.AnimationParameters, itself stored in theViewGroup.LayoutParams of the view.


在使用LayoutAnimationController控制ListView控制元件的樣式效果的方法：


① 在res的anim資料夾中建立一個list_anim.xml檔案用於控制ListView控制元件的動畫：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"
	android:shareInterpolator="true">

	<scale android:fromXScale="0.0"
		android:toXScale="1.0"
		android:fromYScale="0.0"
		android:toYScale="1.0"
		android:pivotX="50%"
		android:pivotY="50%"
		android:duration="1000" />
</set>
② 建立一個佈局檔案item.xml用於設定ListView的item的樣式：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"
	android:orientation="horizontal" android:paddingLeft="10dip"
	android:paddingRight="10dip" android:paddingTop="1dip"
	android:paddingBottom="1dip">
	<TextView android:id="@+id/user_name" android:layout_width="180dip"
		android:layout_height="30dip"
		android:textSize="10pt"
		android:singleLine="true" />
	<TextView android:id="@+id/user_id" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
		android:layout_height="fill_parent"
		android:textSize="10pt"
		android:singleLine="true"/>
</LinearLayout>
③ 在主Activity的佈局檔案main.xml中新增一個ListView

<ListView
		android:id="@id/android:list"
		android:layout_width="fill_parent"
		android:layout_height="wrap_content"
		android:scrollbars="vertical"
		android:layoutAnimation="@anim/anim_layout"
		/>
④ 建立一個MainActivity繼承ListActivity，並在onCreate方法中新增如下程式碼：

ListView listView = getListView();

List<HashMap<String, String>> list = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
HashMap<String, String> hm1 = new HashMap<String, String>();
hm1.put("user_name", "arthinking");
hm1.put("user_id", "001");
HashMap<String, String> hm2 = new HashMap<String, String>();
hm2.put("user_name", "Jason");
hm2.put("user_id", "002");
list.add(hm1);
list.add(hm2);

SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, list,
		R.layout.item, new String[] { "user_name", "user_id" },
		new int[] { R.id.user_name, R.id.user_id });
listView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);

//通過Animation獲取LayoutAnimationController對ListView進行設定
Animation animation = (Animation)AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.list_anim);
LayoutAnimationController lac = new LayoutAnimationController(animation);
lac.setOrder(LayoutAnimationController.ORDER_NORMAL);
lac.setDelay(0.5f);
listView.setLayoutAnimation(lac);
這樣，執行程式，顯示的ListView就會按照xml檔案中預置的動畫效果顯示了。


也可以通過xml檔案進行設定動畫：


① 在以上步驟的基礎之上，在res/anim資料夾下建立一個anim_layout.xml檔案：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layoutAnimation xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	android:delay="1"
	android:animationOrder="normal"
	android:animation="@anim/list_anim" />
② main在佈局檔案的的ListView新增如下屬性：

android:layoutAnimation="@anim/anim_layout"
這樣就在把MainActivity的onCreate()方法中的

//通過Animation獲取LayoutAnimationController對ListView進行設定

註釋後的程式碼刪除了，直接使用xml進行動畫的控制。

AnimationListener的使用

public static interface
Animation.AnimationListener

android.view.animation.Animation.AnimationListener
An animation listener receives notifications from an animation. Notifications indicate animation related events, such as the end or the repetition of the animation.


包含以下的三個方法：

onAnimationEnd(Animation animation)

Notifies the end of the animation.
onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation)

Notifies the repetition of the animation.
onAnimationStart(Animation animation)

Notifies the start of the animation.

AnimationListener在控制元件中的使用：
① 可以為一個Button新增一個事件：

button.setOnClickListener(new TestAnimationListener());
② 接下來是編寫這個TestAnimationListener類，繼承AnimationListener，並覆蓋裡面的三個方法：

//這裡獲取控制元件組，R.id.layoutId為main.xml的整體佈局標籤的id屬性值
ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup)findViewById(R.id.layoutId);

private class RemoveAnimationListener implements AnimationListener{
	//該方法在淡出效果執行結束之後被呼叫
	@Override
	public void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) {
		//假設這裡要在動畫執行完之後刪除一個TextView
		viewGroup.removeView(textView);
	}

	@Override
	public void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) {
		System.out.println("onAnimationRepeat");
	}

	@Override
	public void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) {
		System.out.println("onAnimationStart");
	}

}
③ 同樣的，在動畫效果中新增控制元件可以按照如下實現

ScaleAnimation scale = new ScaleAnimation(1, 0.5f, 1, 0.5f,
scale.setDuration(1000);
scale.setStartOffset(100);
TextView textView = new TextView(MainActivity.this);
textView.setText("add");
viewGroup.addView(textView, new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
textView.startAnimation(scale);

除了文章中有特別說明，均為IT宅原創文章，轉載請以連結形式註明出處。
本文連結：http://www.itzhai.com/android-animation-used-to-achieve-control-of-animation-effects-and-use-of-interpolator-and-animationlistener.html

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