此篇文章的目的:
將C/C++的原始碼直接編譯成靜態庫,只能提供給底層呼叫。
注:比較適用於將第三方開源庫編譯成靜態庫,也可以將自己寫的原始碼編譯成靜態庫,給自己或其他人的底層呼叫。
本文目錄:
1.開發環境配置
2.編譯靜態庫方法
3.呼叫靜態庫方法
4.示例
1.開發環境配置
環境配置:
開發工具:Android Studio 3.0.1
Android SDK Tools:額外勾選CMake、LLDB、NDK三個選項
JDK版本:JDK 1.8
NDK版本:18.1.5063045
編譯方式:CMake
第三方C/C++開源庫:cJSON
新建Android專案配置:
Include C++ Support:進行配置NDK環境,勾選。主要是自動建立cpp目錄和CMakeLists.txt,並自動在gradle中進行了ndk配置
C++ Standard:選擇使用哪種C++標準,選擇Toolchain Default。會使用預設的CMake設定。
Exceptions Support:啟用對C++異常處理的支援,勾選。
Runtime Type Information Support:啟用對執行時型別資訊的支援,勾選。
2.編譯靜態庫方法
詳見Demo1
(1)先按照上述Android專案配置新建工程。
(2)以cJSON開源庫為例,github上下載最新版本的cJSON原始碼,放入到專案的cpp目錄下:
(3)配置CMakeLists.txt檔案:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)
#列印LOG
message(STATUS "Cmake build type is: "${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE})
message(STATUS "Cmake build android abi is: "${ANDROID_ABI})
#設定靜態庫和動態庫的輸出路徑
set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/output/libs/${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}/${ANDROID_ABI})
set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/output/libs/${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}/${ANDROID_ABI})
#設定變數
set(LOCAL_PATH ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/main/cpp)
#引入標頭檔案
include_directories(
${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/source/cjson/
)
#增加靜態庫
add_library( # Sets the name of the library.
cjson
# Sets the library as a shared library.
STATIC
# Provides a relative path to your source file(s).
${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/source/cjson/cJSON.c
${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/source/cjson/cJSON_Utils.c
)
add_library( # Sets the name of the library.
native-lib
# Sets the library as a shared library.
SHARED
# Provides a relative path to your source file(s).
src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp )
find_library( # Sets the name of the path variable.
log-lib
# Specifies the name of the NDK library that
# you want CMake to locate.
log )
target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.
native-lib
cjson #連結該靜態庫進行測試, 如果不測試, 則不需要連結
# Links the target library to the log library
# included in the NDK.
${log-lib} )
複製程式碼
(4)配置build.gradle檔案,主要是配置編譯哪種CPU型別的庫,使用abiFilters,有些複雜的C/C++原始碼在編譯不同CPU型別的庫時,還需要一些其他的配置,使用arguments,具體配置根據需求進行更改,配置如下:
android {
...
defaultConfig {
...
externalNativeBuild {
cmake {
//arguments "-DANDROID_ARM_NEON=TRUE", "-DANDROID_TOOLCHAIN=clang"
//不寫此行則預設使用CMake配置的變數列表
cppFlags "-frtti -fexceptions"
//abiFilters /*"armeabi",*/ "armeabi-v7a", "arm64-v8a", "x86", "x86_64" //不寫此行則預設編譯後面4個CPU型別的庫
}
}
}
...
externalNativeBuild {
cmake {
path "CMakeLists.txt"
}
}
}
複製程式碼
(5)在命令列使用gradlew assemble命令進行編譯,靜態庫會輸出在設定的資料夾中。
3.呼叫靜態庫方法
詳見Demo2
(1)先按照上述Android專案配置新建工程。
(2)以cJSON開源庫為例,將編譯好的靜態庫放入到專案的cpp目錄下:
(3)引入標頭檔案,並使用C++類重新進行了封裝:
#ifndef __Cjson_Utils_H__
#define __Cjson_Utils_H__
//此處匯入C++的標頭檔案
//#include "CObjectUtils.h"
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
//此處匯入C的標頭檔案
#include "cJSON.h"
#include "cJSON_Utils.h"
#ifdef __cplusplus
};
#endif
class CCjsonUtils{
public:
CCjsonUtils();
virtual ~CCjsonUtils();
static const char* getCjsonVersion();
};
#endif
複製程式碼
(4)配置CMakeLists.txt檔案:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)
#列印LOG
message(STATUS "Cmake build type is: "${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE})
message(STATUS "Cmake build android abi is: "${ANDROID_ABI})
#設定變數
set(LOCAL_PATH ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/main/cpp)
#引入標頭檔案
include_directories(
${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/include/cjson/
${LOCAL_PATH}/cjsonutils/
)
#匯入靜態庫
add_library(cjson STATIC IMPORTED)
set_target_properties(cjson PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION ${LOCAL_PATH}/libs/${ANDROID_ABI}/libcjson.a )
add_library( # Sets the name of the library.
native-lib
# Sets the library as a shared library.
SHARED
# Provides a relative path to your source file(s).
src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp
${LOCAL_PATH}/cjsonutils/CCjsonUtils.cpp #建立的C++工具類, 用於對C原始碼進行封裝, 便於簡化介面
)
find_library( # Sets the name of the path variable.
log-lib
# Specifies the name of the NDK library that
# you want CMake to locate.
log )
target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.
native-lib
cjson #連結靜態庫
# Links the target library to the log library
# included in the NDK.
${log-lib} )
複製程式碼
(5)配置build.gradle,使用預設的即可,然後就可以正常呼叫了。
4.示例
Demo1地址:AndroidNdkCompileStaticLibrary
Demo2地址:AndroidNdkInvokeStaticLibrary