<script> "use strict" //函式作用域 function func(){ var arr = [1,3,5,7,9]; var sum = 0; for(var i = 0,len = arr.length;i < len;i ++){ sum += arr[i]; } console.log("%d\t\n%d",i,sum); } func(); //5 //25 //閉包特性 var outter = []; function clouseTest(){ var arr = ["one","two","three","four"]; for(var i = 0, len = arr.length;i < len;i ++){ var x = {}; x.no = i; x.text = arr[i]; x.invoke = function(){ console.log("%d\t\n%o\t\n%d\t\n",i,this,this.no); }; outter.push(x); } } clouseTest(); for(var i = outter.length - 1;i >= 0;i --){ outter[i].invoke(); } //4 //Object { no=3, text="four", invoke=function()} //3 //4 //Object { no=2, text="three", invoke=function()} //2 //4 //Object { no=1, text="two", invoke=function()} //1 //4 //Object { no=0, text="one", invoke=function()} //0 //關於i輸出的都是4的解釋:因為,在每次迭代的時候這樣的語句x.invoke=function(){console("%d",i);}並沒有 //被執行,只是構建了一個函式體為“console.log("%d",i);”的函式物件,如此而已。而當i = 4時,迭代停止,外部函式返回 //當再去呼叫outter[i].invoke()時,i的值依舊為4,因此outter陣列中的每一個元素的invoke都返回i的值為4. //引用 var obj = {};//空物件 var ref = obj;//引用 obj.name = "objectA";// console.log(ref.name);//ref跟著剛新增的name屬性 obj = ["one","two","three","four"];//obj指向了另一個物件(陣列物件) console.log(ref.name);//ref還指向原來的物件 console.log(obj.length);//4 console.log(ref.length);//undefined //objectA //objectA //4 //undefined //作用域問題:內部函式可以訪問外部函式中的變數,(在非嚴格模式下,當此時內部函式中的this卻是指向window) var name = "window"; function wrapper(){ var name = "wrapper"; function inner(){ console.log('%s',name);//wrapper console.log('%o',this);//在嚴格模式( use strict)下是 undefined,否則指向 window //console.log('%s',this.name);//在嚴格模式(use strict)下,是undefined error,否則是 'window' } inner(); } wrapper(); function wrapper2(){ var name = "local"; return function(){ console.log('%s',name);//local console.log('%o',this);//在嚴格模式( use strict)下是 undefined,否則指向 window //console.log('%s',this.name);//在嚴格模式(use strict)下,是undefined error,否則是 'window' }; } wrapper2()(); </script>