用Delphi建立服務程式

用Delphi建立服務程式

日期：2005年11月29日 作者：sunmohe 人氣： 3154 檢視:[大字型 中字型 小字型]

Windows 2000/XP和2003等支援一種叫做"服務程式"的東西.程式作為服務啟動有以下幾個好處:

(1)不用登陸進系統即可執行.
(2)具有SYSTEM特權.所以你在程式管理器裡面是無法結束它的.

筆者在2003年為一公司開發機頂盒專案的時候,曾經寫過課件上傳和媒體服務,下面就介紹一下如何用Delphi7建立一個Service程式.
執行Delphi7,選擇選單File-->New-->Other--->Service Application.將生成一個服務程式的框架.將工程儲存為ServiceDemo.dpr和Unit_Main.pas,然後回到主框架.我們注意到,Service有幾個屬性.其中以下幾個是我們比較常用的:

(1)DisplayName:服務的顯示名稱
(2)Name:服務名稱.

我們在這裡將DisplayName的值改為"Delphi服務演示程式",Name改為"DelphiService".編譯這個專案,將得到 ServiceDemo.exe.這已經是一個服務程式了!進入CMD模式,切換致工程所在目錄,執行命令"ServiceDemo.exe /install",將提示服務安裝成功!然後"net start DelphiService"將啟動這個服務.進入控制面版-->管理工具-->服務,將顯示這個服務和當前狀態.不過這個服務現在什麼也幹不了,因為我們還沒有寫程式碼:)先"net stop DelphiService"停止再"ServiceDemo.exe /uninstall"刪除這個服務.回到Delphi7的IDE.

我們的計劃是為這個服務新增一個主視窗,執行後工作列顯示程式的圖示,雙擊圖示將顯示主視窗,上面有一個按鈕,點選該按鈕將實現Ctrl+Alt+Del功能.

實際上,服務程式莫認是工作於Winlogon桌面的,可以開啟控制皮膚,檢視我們剛才那個服務的屬性-->登陸,其中"允許服務與桌面互動 "是不打鉤的.怎麼辦?呵呵,回到IDE,注意那個布林屬性:Interactive,當這個屬性為True的時候,該服務程式就可以與桌面互動了.

File-->New-->Form為服務新增視窗FrmMain,單元儲存為Unit_FrmMain,並且把這個視窗設定為手工建立.完成後的程式碼如下:


unit Unit_Main;

interface

uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Classes, Graphics, Controls, SvcMgr, Dialogs, Unit_FrmMain;

type
TDelphiService = class(TService)
procedure ServiceContinue(Sender: TService; var Continued: Boolean);
procedure ServiceExecute(Sender: TService);
procedure ServicePause(Sender: TService; var Paused: Boolean);
procedure ServiceShutdown(Sender: TService);
procedure ServiceStart(Sender: TService; var Started: Boolean);
procedure ServiceStop(Sender: TService; var Stopped: Boolean);
private
{ Private declarations }
public
function GetServiceController: TServiceController; override;
{ Public declarations }
end;

var
DelphiService: TDelphiService;
FrmMain: TFrmMain;
implementation

{$R *.DFM}

procedure ServiceController(CtrlCode: DWord); stdcall;
begin
DelphiService.Controller(CtrlCode);
end;

function TDelphiService.GetServiceController: TServiceController;
begin
Result := ServiceController;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceContinue(Sender: TService;
var Continued: Boolean);
begin
while not Terminated do
begin
Sleep(10);
ServiceThread.ProcessRequests(False);
end;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceExecute(Sender: TService);
begin
while not Terminated do
begin
Sleep(10);
ServiceThread.ProcessRequests(False);
end;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServicePause(Sender: TService;
var Paused: Boolean);
begin
Paused := True;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceShutdown(Sender: TService);
begin
gbCanClose := true;
FrmMain.Free;
Status := csStopped;
ReportStatus();
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceStart(Sender: TService;
var Started: Boolean);
begin
Started := True;
Svcmgr.Application.CreateForm(TFrmMain, FrmMain);
gbCanClose := False;
FrmMain.Hide;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceStop(Sender: TService;
var Stopped: Boolean);
begin
Stopped := True;
gbCanClose := True;
FrmMain.Free;
end;

end.


主視窗單元如下:

unit Unit_FrmMain;

interface

uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, ShellApi, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls;

const
WM_TrayIcon = WM_USER + 1234;
type
TFrmMain = class(TForm)
Timer1: TTimer;
Button1: TButton;
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormCloseQuery(Sender: TObject; var CanClose: Boolean);
procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
procedure Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
private
{ Private declarations }
IconData: TNotifyIconData;
procedure AddIconToTray;
procedure DelIconFromTray;
procedure TrayIconMessage(var Msg: TMessage); message WM_TrayIcon;
procedure SysButtonMsg(var Msg: TMessage); message WM_SYSCOMMAND;
public
{ Public declarations }
end;

var
FrmMain: TFrmMain;
gbCanClose: Boolean;
implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TFrmMain.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
FormStyle := fsStayOnTop;
SetWindowLong(Application.Handle, GWL_EXSTYLE, WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW);
gbCanClose := False;
Timer1.Interval := 1000;
Timer1.Enabled := True;
end;

procedure TFrmMain.FormCloseQuery(Sender: TObject; var CanClose: Boolean);
begin
CanClose := gbCanClose;
if not CanClose then
begin
Hide;
end;
end;

procedure TFrmMain.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
begin
Timer1.Enabled := False;
DelIconFromTray;
end;

procedure TFrmMain.AddIconToTray;
begin
ZeroMemory(@IconData, SizeOf(TNotifyIconData));
IconData.cbSize := SizeOf(TNotifyIconData);
IconData.Wnd := Handle;
IconData.uID := 1;
IconData.uFlags := NIF_MESSAGE or NIF_ICON or NIF_TIP;
IconData.uCallbackMessage := WM_TrayIcon;
IconData.hIcon := Application.Icon.Handle;
IconData.szTip := Delphi服務演示程式;
Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_ADD, @IconData);
end;

procedure TFrmMain.DelIconFromTray;
begin
Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_DELETE, @IconData);
end;

procedure TFrmMain.SysButtonMsg(var Msg: TMessage);
begin
if (Msg.wParam = SC_CLOSE) or
(Msg.wParam = SC_MINIMIZE) then Hide
else inherited; // 執行預設動作
end;

procedure TFrmMain.TrayIconMessage(var Msg: TMessage);
begin
if (Msg.LParam = WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK) then Show();
end;

procedure TFrmMain.Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);
begin
AddIconToTray;
end;

procedure SendHokKey;stdcall;
var
HDesk_WL: HDESK;
begin
HDesk_WL := OpenDesktop (Winlogon, 0, False, DESKTOP_JOURNALPLAYBACK);
if (HDesk_WL <> 0) then
if (SetThreadDesktop (HDesk_WL) = True) then
PostMessage(HWND_BROADCAST, WM_HOTKEY, 0, MAKELONG (MOD_ALT or MOD_CONTROL, VK_DELETE));
end;

procedure TFrmMain.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
dwThreadID : DWORD;
begin
CreateThread(nil, 0, @SendHokKey, nil, 0, dwThreadID);
end;

end.


補充:
(1)關於更多服務程式的演示程式,請訪問以下Url:http://www.torry.net/pages.php?id=226,上面包含了多個演示如何控制和管理系統服務的程式碼.

(2)請切記:Windows實際上存在多個桌面.例如螢幕傳輸會出現白屏,可能有兩個原因:一是系統處於鎖定或未登陸桌面,二是處於螢幕保護桌面.這時候要將當前桌面切換到該桌面才能抓屏.

(3)關於服務程式與桌面互動,還有種動態切換方法.大概單元如下:
unit ServiceDesktop;

interface

function InitServiceDesktop: boolean;
procedure DoneServiceDeskTop;

implementation

uses Windows, SysUtils;

const
DefaultWindowStation = WinSta0;
DefaultDesktop = Default;
var
hwinstaSave: HWINSTA;
hdeskSave: HDESK;
hwinstaUser: HWINSTA;
hdeskUser: HDESK;
function InitServiceDesktop: boolean;
var
dwThreadId: DWORD;
begin
dwThreadId := GetCurrentThreadID;
// Ensure connection to service window station and desktop, and
// save their handles.
hwinstaSave := GetProcessWindowStation;
hdeskSave := GetThreadDesktop(dwThreadId);


hwinstaUser := OpenWindowStation(DefaultWindowStation, FALSE, MAXIMUM_ALLOWED);
if hwinstaUser = 0 then
begin
OutputDebugString(PChar(OpenWindowStation failed + SysErrorMessage(GetLastError)));
Result := false;
exit;
end;

if not SetProcessWindowStation(hwinstaUser) then
begin
OutputDebugString(SetProcessWindowStation failed);
Result := false;
exit;
end;

hdeskUser := OpenDesktop(DefaultDesktop, 0, FALSE, MAXIMUM_ALLOWED);
if hdeskUser = 0 then
begin
OutputDebugString(OpenDesktop failed);
SetProcessWindowStation(hwinstaSave);
CloseWindowStation(hwinstaUser);
Result := false;
exit;
end;
Result := SetThreadDesktop(hdeskUser);
if not Result then
OutputDebugString(PChar(SetThreadDesktop + SysErrorMessage(GetLastError)));
end;

procedure DoneServiceDeskTop;
begin
// Restore window station and desktop.
SetThreadDesktop(hdeskSave);
SetProcessWindowStation(hwinstaSave);
if hwinstaUser <> 0 then
CloseWindowStation(hwinstaUser);
if hdeskUser <> 0 then
CloseDesktop(hdeskUser);
end;

initialization
InitServiceDesktop;
finalization
DoneServiceDesktop;
end.
更詳細的演示程式碼請參看:http://www.torry.net/samples/samples/os/isarticle.zip

(4)關於安裝服務如何新增服務描述.有兩種方法:一是修改登錄檔.服務的詳細資訊都位於HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ ControlSet001\Services\下面,例如我們剛才那個服務就位於HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ ControlSet001\Services\DelphiService下.第二種方法就是先用QueryServiceConfig2函式獲取服務資訊,然後ChangeServiceConfig2來改變描述.用Delphi實現的話,單元如下:

unit WinSvcEx;

interface

uses Windows, WinSvc;

const
//
// Service config info levels
//
SERVICE_CONFIG_DESCRIPTION = 1;
SERVICE_CONFIG_FAILURE_ACTIONS = 2;
//
// DLL name of imported functions
//
AdvApiDLL = advapi32.dll;
type
//
// Service description string
//
PServiceDescriptionA = ^TServiceDescriptionA;
PServiceDescriptionW = ^TServiceDescriptionW;
PServiceDescription = PServiceDescriptionA;
{$EXTERNALSYM _SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONA}
_SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONA = record
lpDescription : PAnsiChar;
end;
{$EXTERNALSYM _SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONW}
_SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONW = record
lpDescription : PWideChar;
end;
{$EXTERNALSYM _SERVICE_DESCRIPTION}
_SERVICE_DESCRIPTION = _SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONA;
{$EXTERNALSYM SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONA}
SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONA = _SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONA;
{$EXTERNALSYM SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONW}
SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONW = _SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONW;
{$EXTERNALSYM SERVICE_DESCRIPTION}
SERVICE_DESCRIPTION = _SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONA;
TServiceDescriptionA = _SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONA;
TServiceDescriptionW = _SERVICE_DESCRIPTIONW;
TServiceDescription = TServiceDescriptionA;

//
// Actions to take on service failure
//
{$EXTERNALSYM _SC_ACTION_TYPE}
_SC_ACTION_TYPE = (SC_ACTION_NONE, SC_ACTION_RESTART, SC_ACTION_REBOOT, SC_ACTION_RUN_COMMAND);
{$EXTERNALSYM SC_ACTION_TYPE}
SC_ACTION_TYPE = _SC_ACTION_TYPE;

PServiceAction = ^TServiceAction;
{$EXTERNALSYM _SC_ACTION}
_SC_ACTION = record
aType : SC_ACTION_TYPE;
Delay : DWORD;
end;
{$EXTERNALSYM SC_ACTION}
SC_ACTION = _SC_ACTION;
TServiceAction = _SC_ACTION;

PServiceFailureActionsA = ^TServiceFailureActionsA;
PServiceFailureActionsW = ^TServiceFailureActionsW;
PServiceFailureActions = PServiceFailureActionsA;
{$EXTERNALSYM _SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSA}
_SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSA = record
dwResetPeriod : DWORD;
lpRebootMsg : LPSTR;
lpCommand : LPSTR;
cActions : DWORD;
lpsaActions : ^SC_ACTION;
end;
{$EXTERNALSYM _SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSW}
_SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSW = record
dwResetPeriod : DWORD;
lpRebootMsg : LPWSTR;
lpCommand : LPWSTR;
cActions : DWORD;
lpsaActions : ^SC_ACTION;
end;
{$EXTERNALSYM _SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONS}
_SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONS = _SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSA;
{$EXTERNALSYM SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSA}
SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSA = _SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSA;
{$EXTERNALSYM SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSW}
SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSW = _SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSW;
{$EXTERNALSYM SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONS}
SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONS = _SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSA;
TServiceFailureActionsA = _SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSA;
TServiceFailureActionsW = _SERVICE_FAILURE_ACTIONSW;
TServiceFailureActions = TServiceFailureActionsA;

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// API Function Prototypes
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
TQueryServiceConfig2 = function (hService : SC_HANDLE; dwInfoLevel : DWORD; lpBuffer : pointer;
cbBufSize : DWORD; var pcbBytesNeeded) : BOOL; stdcall;
TChangeServiceConfig2 = function (hService : SC_HANDLE; dwInfoLevel : DWORD; lpInfo : pointer) : BOOL; stdcall;

var
hDLL : THandle ;
LibLoaded : boolean ;

var
OSVersionInfo : TOSVersionInfo;

{$EXTERNALSYM QueryServiceConfig2A}
QueryServiceConfig2A : TQueryServiceConfig2;
{$EXTERNALSYM QueryServiceConfig2W}
QueryServiceConfig2W : TQueryServiceConfig2;
{$EXTERNALSYM QueryServiceConfig2}
QueryServiceConfig2 : TQueryServiceConfig2;

{$EXTERNALSYM ChangeServiceConfig2A}
ChangeServiceConfig2A : TChangeServiceConfig2;
{$EXTERNALSYM ChangeServiceConfig2W}
ChangeServiceConfig2W : TChangeServiceConfig2;
{$EXTERNALSYM ChangeServiceConfig2}
ChangeServiceConfig2 : TChangeServiceConfig2;

implementation

initialization
OSVersionInfo.dwOSVersionInfoSize := SizeOf(OSVersionInfo);
GetVersionEx(OSVersionInfo);
if (OSVersionInfo.dwPlatformId = VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT) and (OSVersionInfo.dwMajorVersion >= 5) then
begin
if hDLL = 0 then
begin
hDLL:=GetModuleHandle(AdvApiDLL);
LibLoaded := False;
if hDLL = 0 then
begin
hDLL := LoadLibrary(AdvApiDLL);
LibLoaded := True;
end;
end;

if hDLL <> 0 then
begin
@QueryServiceConfig2A := GetProcAddress(hDLL, QueryServiceConfig2A);
@QueryServiceConfig2W := GetProcAddress(hDLL, QueryServiceConfig2W);
@QueryServiceConfig2 := @QueryServiceConfig2A;
@ChangeServiceConfig2A := GetProcAddress(hDLL, ChangeServiceConfig2A);
@ChangeServiceConfig2W := GetProcAddress(hDLL, ChangeServiceConfig2W);
@ChangeServiceConfig2 := @ChangeServiceConfig2A;
end;
end
else
begin
@QueryServiceConfig2A := nil;
@QueryServiceConfig2W := nil;
@QueryServiceConfig2 := nil;
@ChangeServiceConfig2A := nil;
@ChangeServiceConfig2W := nil;
@ChangeServiceConfig2 := nil;
end;

finalization
if (hDLL <> 0) and LibLoaded then
FreeLibrary(hDLL);

end.

unit winntService;

interface

uses
Windows,WinSvc,WinSvcEx;

function InstallService(const strServiceName,strDisplayName,strDescription,strFilename: string):Boolean;
//eg:InstallService(服務名稱,顯示名稱,描述資訊,服務檔案);
procedure UninstallService(strServiceName:string);
implementation

function StrLCopy(Dest: PChar; const Source: PChar; MaxLen: Cardinal): PChar; assembler;
asm
PUSH EDI
PUSH ESI
PUSH EBX
MOV ESI,EAX
MOV EDI,EDX
MOV EBX,ECX
XOR AL,AL
TEST ECX,ECX
JZ @@1
REPNE SCASB
JNE @@1
INC ECX
@@1: SUB EBX,ECX
MOV EDI,ESI
MOV ESI,EDX
MOV EDX,EDI
MOV ECX,EBX
SHR ECX,2
REP MOVSD
MOV ECX,EBX
AND ECX,3
REP MOVSB
STOSB
MOV EAX,EDX
POP EBX
POP ESI
POP EDI
end;

function StrPCopy(Dest: PChar; const Source: string): PChar;
begin
Result := StrLCopy(Dest, PChar(Source), Length(Source));
end;

function InstallService(const strServiceName,strDisplayName,strDescription,strFilename: string):Boolean;
var
//ss : TServiceStatus;
//psTemp : PChar;
hSCM,hSCS:THandle;

srvdesc : PServiceDescription;
desc : string;
//SrvType : DWord;

lpServiceArgVectors:pchar;
begin
Result:=False;
//psTemp := nil;
//SrvType := SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS and SERVICE_INTERACTIVE_PROCESS;
hSCM:=OpenSCManager(nil,nil,SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS);//連線服務資料庫
if hSCM=0 then Exit;//MessageBox(hHandle,Pchar(SysErrorMessage(GetLastError)),服務程式管理器,MB_ICONERROR+MB_TOPMOST);


hSCS:=CreateService( //建立服務函式
hSCM, // 服務控制管理控制程式碼
Pchar(strServiceName), // 服務名稱
Pchar(strDisplayName), // 顯示的服務名稱
SERVICE_ALL_ACCESS, // 存取權利
SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS or SERVICE_INTERACTIVE_PROCESS,// 服務型別 SERVICE_WIN32_SHARE_PROCESS
SERVICE_AUTO_START, // 啟動型別
SERVICE_ERROR_IGNORE, // 錯誤控制型別
Pchar(strFilename), // 服務程式
nil, // 組服務名稱
nil, // 組標識
nil, // 依賴的服務
nil, // 啟動服務帳號
nil); // 啟動服務口令
if hSCS=0 then Exit;//MessageBox(hHandle,Pchar(SysErrorMessage(GetLastError)),Pchar(Application.Title),MB_ICONERROR+MB_TOPMOST);

if Assigned(ChangeServiceConfig2) then
begin
desc := Copy(strDescription,1,1024);
GetMem(srvdesc,SizeOf(TServiceDescription));
GetMem(srvdesc^.lpDescription,Length(desc) + 1);
try
StrPCopy(srvdesc^.lpDescription, desc);
ChangeServiceConfig2(hSCS,SERVICE_CONFIG_DESCRIPTION,srvdesc);
finally
FreeMem(srvdesc^.lpDescription);
FreeMem(srvdesc);
end;
end;
lpServiceArgVectors := nil;
if not StartService(hSCS, 0, lpServiceArgVectors) then //啟動服務
Exit; //MessageBox(hHandle,Pchar(SysErrorMessage(GetLastError)),Pchar(Application.Title),MB_ICONERROR+MB_TOPMOST);
CloseServiceHandle(hSCS); //關閉控制程式碼
Result:=True;
end;

procedure UninstallService(strServiceName:string);
var
SCManager: SC_HANDLE;
Service: SC_HANDLE;
Status: TServiceStatus;
begin
SCManager := OpenSCManager(nil, nil, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS);
if SCManager = 0 then Exit;
try
Service := OpenService(SCManager, Pchar(strServiceName), SERVICE_ALL_ACCESS);
ControlService(Service, SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP, Status);
DeleteService(Service);
CloseServiceHandle(Service);
finally
CloseServiceHandle(SCManager);
end;
end;

end.

(5)如何暴力關閉一個服務程式,實現我們以前那個"NT工具箱"的功能?首先,根據程式名稱來殺死程式是用以下函式:
uses Tlhelp32;

function KillTask(ExeFileName: string): Integer;
const
PROCESS_TERMINATE = 01;
var
ContinueLoop: BOOL;
FSnapshotHandle: THandle;
FProcessEntry32: TProcessEntry32;
begin
Result := 0;
FSnapshotHandle := CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);
FProcessEntry32.dwSize := SizeOf(FProcessEntry32);
ContinueLoop := Process32First(FSnapshotHandle, FProcessEntry32);

while Integer(ContinueLoop) <> 0 do
begin
if ((UpperCase(ExtractFileName(FProcessEntry32.szExeFile)) =
UpperCase(ExeFileName)) or (UpperCase(FProcessEntry32.szExeFile) =
UpperCase(ExeFileName))) then
Result := Integer(TerminateProcess(
OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE,
BOOL(0),
FProcessEntry32.th32ProcessID),
0));
ContinueLoop := Process32Next(FSnapshotHandle, FProcessEntry32);
end;
CloseHandle(FSnapshotHandle);
end;

但是對於服務程式,它會提示"拒絕訪問".其實只要程式擁有Debug許可權即可:
function EnableDebugPrivilege: Boolean;
function EnablePrivilege(hToken: Cardinal; PrivName: string; bEnable: Boolean): Boolean;
var
TP: TOKEN_PRIVILEGES;
Dummy: Cardinal;
begin
TP.PrivilegeCount := 1;
LookupPrivilegeValue(nil, pchar(PrivName), TP.Privileges[0].Luid);
if bEnable then
TP.Privileges[0].Attributes := SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED
else TP.Privileges[0].Attributes := 0;
AdjustTokenPrivileges(hToken, False, TP, SizeOf(TP), nil, Dummy);
Result := GetLastError = ERROR_SUCCESS;
end;

var
hToken: Cardinal;
begin
OpenProcessToken(GetCurrentProcess, TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES, hToken);
result:=EnablePrivilege(hToken, SeDebugPrivilege, True);
CloseHandle(hToken);
end;

使用方法:
EnableDebugPrivilege;//提升許可權
KillTask(xxxx.exe);//關閉該服務程式.