2016.06.29
當前一些公司為了快速出一款app,很多時候採用UINavigationController+WebView或者NavigationController+UITabbarVC+WebView的方式,這樣就不可避免的需要使用cookie與Html5互動,下面講述幾種常用情景下cookie的新增方法:
一. UIWebView:
// 工廠類中儲存cookie的方法
+ (void)saveCookies {
// 建立一個可變字典存放cookie
NSMutableDictionary *fromappDict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
[fromappDict setObject:@"fromapp" forKey:NSHTTPCookieName];
[fromappDict setObject:@"ios" forKey:NSHTTPCookieValue];
// kDomain是公司app網址
[fromappDict setObject:kDomain forKey:NSHTTPCookieDomain];
[fromappDict setObject:kDomain forKey:NSHTTPCookieOriginURL];
[fromappDict setObject:@"/" forKey:NSHTTPCookiePath];
[fromappDict setObject:@"0" forKey:NSHTTPCookieVersion];
// 將可變字典轉化為cookie
NSHTTPCookie *cookie = [NSHTTPCookie cookieWithProperties:fromappDict];
// 獲取cookieStorage
NSHTTPCookieStorage *cookieStorage = [NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage]
// 儲存cookie
[cookieStorage setCookie:cookie];
}
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- UIWebView使用時間較長,只要在cookieStorage中設定了相應的cookie,每次就會自動帶上;
- 但是這樣的弊端是隨著與H5的互動增加,Cookie佔用的空間越來越大,每次互動都夾帶大量的cookie,不僅增加伺服器端壓力,也浪費使用者的流量。比如每次互動都夾帶5kb的cookie內容,但是真正用到的只有兩三百位元組。
二. WKWebView
-
WKWebView相比於UIWebView:
- 速度快了一倍,記憶體卻減少為原來的一半;
- cookie不再是自動攜帶,需要手動設定;
- 互動更加順暢,比如app底部四個tabBar也都是網頁的,在UIWebView下點選,整個H5頁面都會閃白一下,但是在WKWebView下點選,四個tabBar效果與原生app效果更加類似,不會有閃白現象。
- 增減了一些代理方法,更方便的進行協議攔截和進度條展示
-
1.在建立的時候存放到WKUserScript中進行新增cookie
WKWebViewConfiguration *webConfig = [[WKWebViewConfiguration alloc] init];
// 設定偏好設定
webConfig.preferences = [[WKPreferences alloc] init];
// 預設為0
webConfig.preferences.minimumFontSize = 10;
// 預設認為YES
webConfig.preferences.javaScriptEnabled = YES;
// 在iOS上預設為NO,表示不能自動通過視窗開啟
webConfig.preferences.javaScriptCanOpenWindowsAutomatically = NO;
// web內容處理池
webConfig.processPool = [[WKProcessPool alloc] init];
// 將所有cookie以document.cookie = 'key=value';形式進行拼接
#warning 然而這裡的單引號一定要注意是英文的,不要問我為什麼告訴你這個(手動微笑)
NSString *cookieValue = @"document.cookie = 'fromapp=ios';document.cookie = 'channel=appstore';";
// 加cookie給h5識別,表明在ios端開啟該地址
WKUserContentController* userContentController = WKUserContentController.new;
WKUserScript * cookieScript = [[WKUserScript alloc]
initWithSource: cookieValue
injectionTime:WKUserScriptInjectionTimeAtDocumentStart forMainFrameOnly:NO];
[userContentController addUserScript:cookieScript];
webConfig.userContentController = userContentController;
WKWebView *wkWebView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:frame configuration:webConfig];
wkWebView.UIDelegate = wkWebView;
wkWebView.navigationDelegate = wkWebView;
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- 2.載入某個url的時候新增cookie
如果WKWebView在載入url的時候需要新增cookie,需要先手動獲取當前NSHTTPCookieStorage中的所有cookie,然後將cookie放到NSMutableURLRequest請求頭中
- (void)loadRequestWithUrlString:(NSString *)urlString {
// 在此處獲取返回的cookie
NSMutableDictionary *cookieDic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
NSMutableString *cookieValue = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@""];
NSHTTPCookieStorage *cookieJar = [NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage];
for (NSHTTPCookie *cookie in [cookieJar cookies]) {
[cookieDic setObject:cookie.value forKey:cookie.name];
}
// cookie重複,先放到字典進行去重,再進行拼接
for (NSString *key in cookieDic) {
NSString *appendString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@=%@;", key, [cookieDic valueForKey:key]];
[cookieValue appendString:appendString];
}
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlString]];
[request addValue:cookieValue forHTTPHeaderField:@"Cookie"];
[self loadRequest:request];
}
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3.AFNetworking
AFNetworking存取cookie就比較常見了,話不多說,都在程式碼裡了
// 獲取AFHTTPRequestOperationManager
AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *operationManager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
// 建立可變字典用於存放Cookie
NSMutableDictionary *cookieDic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
// 存放新新增的cookie
#warning 單個的Cookie還好,但是樓主在工廠類方法中拼接了一個包含6個裝置資訊的value值,最後忘記加分號了,測試也沒測出來
#warning 因為不影響功能,但是後面的cookie就自動拼接上了,H5那邊也識別不到,險造成重大事故(涉及金融。。),望後來者看到,提前做好準備(就憑這個坑,你得給我個贊)
NSMutableString *cookieValue = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"fromapp=ios;"];
// 獲取
NSHTTPCookieStorage *cookieJar = [NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage];
for (NSHTTPCookie *cookie in [cookieJar cookies]) {
[cookieDic setObject:cookie.value forKey:cookie.name];
}
// cookie重複,先放到字典去重,再進行拼接
for (NSString *key in cookieDic) {
NSString *appendString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@=%@;", key, [cookieDic valueForKey:key]];
[cookieValue appendString:appendString];
}
// 將cookie存到請求頭中
[operationManager.requestSerializer setValue:cookieValue forHTTPHeaderField:@"Cookie"];
// 拼接url地址
NSString *urlStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@", kHostIP, kPath];
// 設定引數字典
NSDictionary *paraDict = @{
@"key" : value
};
// 傳送請求,處理結果
[operationManager POST:urlStr parameters:paraDict success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation * _Nonnull operation, id _Nonnull responseObject) {
NSLog(@"responseObject-->%@", responseObject);
} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation * _Nullable operation, NSError * _Nonnull error) {
NSLog(@"error-->%@", error);
}];
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