【萬里征程——Windows App開發】如何儲存、讀取、刪除應用資料

在前面的幾篇部落格中，都是關於資料的，這方面的內容其實還有很多很多，省略掉一部分後，也還是有很多。這一篇將是很重要的一部分，關於儲存和讀取資料，對於遊戲而言，這一點尤其重要。

先來看看一個大概的背景吧，我這裡寫的很簡單啦^_^

儲存的內容就是這四個框框裡填寫的資料咯。先上XAML程式碼。

   <Grid Background="{ThemeResource ApplicationPageBackgroundThemeBrush}">
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center">
            <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
                <Rectangle Name="recRed" Width="200" Height="200" Fill="Red"/>
                <Rectangle Name="recGreen" Width="100" Height="400" Fill="Green"/>
            </StackPanel>
            <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
                <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
                        <TextBlock Text="紅色矩形的長" FontSize="25" Margin="12" Width="150" Height="50" />
                        <TextBlock Text="紅色矩形的寬" FontSize="25" Margin="12" Width="150" Height="50" />
                        <TextBlock Text="綠色矩形的長" FontSize="25" Margin="12" Width="150" Height="50" />
                        <TextBlock Text="綠色矩形的寬" FontSize="25" Margin="12" Width="150" Height="50"  />
                    </StackPanel>
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
                        <TextBox Name="tBoxRedHeight" FontSize="25" Width="150" Height="50" Margin="12"/>
                        <TextBox Name="tBoxRedWidth" FontSize="25" Width="150" Height="50"  Margin="12"/>
                        <TextBox Name="tBoxGreenHeight" FontSize="25" Width="150" Height="50"  Margin="12" />
                        <TextBox Name="tBoxGreenWidth" FontSize="25" Width="150" Height="50"  Margin="12" />
                    </StackPanel>
                </StackPanel>
                <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center">
                    <Button Width="150" Height="70" Name="btnSaveAppData" Click="btnSaveAppData_Click" Content="儲存應用資料"/>
                    <Button Width="150" Height="70" Name="btnReadAppData" Click="btnReadAppData_Click" Content="讀取應用資料"/>
                </StackPanel>
            </StackPanel>                
        </StackPanel>              
    </Grid>

單個設定

先來看看單個設定唄，下面就是程式碼咯。

Windows.Storage.ApplicationDataContainer localSettings = Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings;
Windows.Storage.StorageFolder localFolder = Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder;
public MainPage()
{
     this.InitializeComponent();
}
private void btnSaveAppData_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{                              
    localSettings.Values["RectangleRedHeight"] = tBoxRedHeight.Text;
    localSettings.Values["RectangleRedWidth"] = tBoxRedWidth.Text;
    localSettings.Values["RectangleGreenHeight"] = tBoxGreenHeight.Text;
    localSettings.Values["RectangleGreenWidth"] = tBoxGreenWidth.Text;
}

private void btnReadAppData_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
     Object objRectangleRedHeight = localSettings.Values["RectangleRedHeight"];
     Object objRectangleRedWidth = localSettings.Values["RectangleRedWidth"];
     Object objRectangleGreenHeight = localSettings.Values["RectangleGreenHeight"];
     Object objRectangleGreenWidth = localSettings.Values["RectangleGreenWidth"];

     recRed.Height = double.Parse(objRectangleRedHeight.ToString());  
     recRed.Width = double.Parse(objRectangleRedWidth.ToString());          
     recGreen.Height = double.Parse(objRectangleGreenHeight.ToString());
     recGreen.Width = double.Parse(objRectangleGreenWidth.ToString());            
}

首先定義了兩個全域性變數，如果看過前面幾篇文章，這個應該就非常清楚了。顧名思義，第一個是用來儲存本地設定的，第二個則是用來訪問本地資料夾的。這裡是單個設定地進行儲存的，後面還有2種方式。那麼就來除錯吧，注意在點選了儲存資料按鈕之後把App關掉哦，關掉之後再載入，這樣才算是儲存了應用資料嘛，你說對不對呢？

以下就是我的測試結果了。

複合設定

我們的設計都不用變，後臺程式碼修改如下。

       Windows.Storage.ApplicationDataContainer localSettings = Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings;
        Windows.Storage.StorageFolder localFolder = Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder;
        public MainPage()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void btnSaveAppData_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            Windows.Storage.ApplicationDataCompositeValue compositeSettings = new ApplicationDataCompositeValue();

            compositeSettings["RectangleRedHeight"] = tBoxRedHeight.Text;
            compositeSettings["RectangleRedWidth"] = tBoxRedWidth.Text;
            compositeSettings["RectangleGreenHeight"] = tBoxGreenHeight.Text;
            compositeSettings["RectangleGreenWidth"] = tBoxGreenWidth.Text;  

            localSettings.Values["RectangleSettings"] = compositeSettings;     
        }
        private async void btnReadAppData_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            Windows.Storage.ApplicationDataCompositeValue compositeSettings =  
                (Windows.Storage.ApplicationDataCompositeValue)localSettings.Values["RectangleSettings"];

            if (compositeSettings == null)
            {
                Windows.UI.Popups.MessageDialog messageDialog =   
                    new Windows.UI.Popups.MessageDialog("你好像沒有儲存任何應用資料哦！");
                await messageDialog.ShowAsync();
            }
            else
            {
                recRed.Height = double.Parse(compositeSettings["RectangleRedHeight"].ToString());
                recRed.Width = double.Parse(compositeSettings["RectangleRedWidth"].ToString());
                recGreen.Height = double.Parse(compositeSettings["RectangleGreenHeight"].ToString());
                recGreen.Width = double.Parse(compositeSettings["RectangleGreenWidth"].ToString());                 
            }  
        }

使用ApplicationDataCompositeValue 會建立一個複合設定，通過程式碼所示方式即可新增資料，最後會將其新增到localSettings中。

讀取資料的時候，同樣是先在localSettings中通過鍵值對的方式來取出這個複合設定。如果該設定為空，就會呼叫MessageDialog控制元件彈窗通知沒有儲存資料。對於這個控制元件，可以訪問這裡：【萬里征程——Windows App開發】控制元件大集合2。如果複合設定存在則將他們分別進行型別轉換後複製給相應的矩形的屬性。

在容器中存放資料

在容器存放資料其實也就這麼回事啦，無非就是先建立一個容器，然後如果建立成功了，就在其中新增相應的資料即可。

至於載入資料，在這裡我使用了一個bool變數來檢查容器是不是已經建立好了，如果建立好了就可以將相應的資料取出然後賦值了，如果沒有的話則一樣挑出彈窗。

        Windows.Storage.ApplicationDataContainer localSettings = Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings;
        Windows.Storage.StorageFolder localFolder = Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder;
        public MainPage()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void btnSaveAppData_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {    
            Windows.Storage.ApplicationDataContainer containerSettings =
                localSettings.CreateContainer("RecSettingsContainer", Windows.Storage.ApplicationDataCreateDisposition.Always);
            if (localSettings.Containers.ContainsKey("RecSettingsContainer"))
            {
                localSettings.Containers["RecSettingsContainer"].Values["RectangleRedHeight"] = tBoxRedHeight.Text;
                localSettings.Containers["RecSettingsContainer"].Values["RectangleRedWidth"] = tBoxRedWidth.Text;
                localSettings.Containers["RecSettingsContainer"].Values["RectangleGreenHeight"] = tBoxGreenHeight.Text;
                localSettings.Containers["RecSettingsContainer"].Values["RectangleGreenWidth"] = tBoxGreenWidth.Text;
            }
        }
        private async void btnReadAppData_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {      
            bool hasContainerSettings = localSettings.Containers.ContainsKey("RecSettingsContainer");
            if(hasContainerSettings)
            {       
                recRed.Height = double.Parse(localSettings.Containers["RecSettingsContainer"].Values["RectangleRedHeight"].ToString());
                recRed.Width = double.Parse(localSettings.Containers["RecSettingsContainer"].Values["RectangleRedWidth"].ToString());
                recGreen.Height = double.Parse(localSettings.Containers["RecSettingsContainer"].Values["RectangleGreenHeight"].ToString());
                recGreen.Width = double.Parse(localSettings.Containers["RecSettingsContainer"].Values["RectangleGreenWidth"].ToString());
            }
            else
            {
                Windows.UI.Popups.MessageDialog messageDialog =
                    new Windows.UI.Popups.MessageDialog("你好像沒有儲存任何應用資料哦！");
                await messageDialog.ShowAsync();
            }         
        }

接下來就來個執行的截圖咯，還有彈框的截圖^_^

刪除資料

1.對於單個設定和複合設定

localSettings.Values.Remove("compositeSettings");

2.對於複合資料

localSettings.DeleteContainer("containerSettings");

刪除並不難，或者說，這一節都不難。有了這些，我們在做遊戲的時候，就可以將使用者對遊戲的設定都儲存下來啦。

那麼這一篇博文就結束咯，感謝大家的支援！

補充一個插曲哈，剛才準備寫完了就儲存發表的，然後就點了右上角的“關閉”……

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為使本文得到斧正和提問，轉載請註明出處：
http://blog.csdn.net/nomasp

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