簡介

iperf3是一個網路速度測試工具，支援IPv4與IPv6，支援TCP、UDP、SCTP傳輸協議，可在Windows、Mac OS X、Linux、FreeBSD等各種平臺使用，是一個簡單又實用的小工具。本文介紹安裝、使用iperf3 網速測試工具。

安裝iperf3

iperf3本身是以C++所開發的小程式，在官網上有提供各種平臺的預編譯二進位制檔案，解壓縮後即可使用。

在CentOS 7上使用下列命令即可安裝：

yum install iperf3

MAC OS X上使用下列命令即可安裝：

brew install iperf3

網路頻寬測試

在使用iperf3測試時，要同時在server端與client端都各執行一個程式，讓它們互相傳送報文進行測試。下面的例子是在CentOS7上進行的測試。

首先在10.23.5.66機器啟動server端的程式：

iperf3 -s

接著在10.23.5.65伺服器上執行client 端的程式：

iperf3 -c 10.23.5.66

在測試時server端與client端都會出現測試的資料，client端以下是測試的結果:

[jinguang1@localhost ~]$ iperf3 -c 10.23.5.66

Connecting to host 10.23.5.66, port 5201

[ 4] local 10.23.5.65 port 10412 connected to 10.23.5.66 port 5201

[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Retr Cwnd

[ 4] 0.00-1.00 sec 114 MBytes 953 Mbits/sec 0 95.5 KBytes

[ 4] 1.00-2.00 sec 113 MBytes 948 Mbits/sec 0 95.5 KBytes

[ 4] 2.00-3.00 sec 113 MBytes 950 Mbits/sec 0 95.5 KBytes

[ 4] 3.00-4.00 sec 113 MBytes 948 Mbits/sec 0 95.5 KBytes

[ 4] 4.00-5.00 sec 113 MBytes 950 Mbits/sec 0 95.5 KBytes

[ 4] 5.00-6.00 sec 113 MBytes 948 Mbits/sec 0 95.5 KBytes

[ 4] 6.00-7.00 sec 113 MBytes 948 Mbits/sec 0 95.5 KBytes

[ 4] 7.00-8.00 sec 113 MBytes 950 Mbits/sec 0 95.5 KBytes

[ 4] 8.00-9.00 sec 113 MBytes 948 Mbits/sec 0 95.5 KBytes

[ 4] 9.00-10.00 sec 113 MBytes 950 Mbits/sec 0 95.5 KBytes

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Retr

[ 4] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.10 GBytes 949 Mbits/sec 0 sender

[ 4] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.10 GBytes 949 Mbits/sec receiver

iperf Done.

從列印的內容看，預設引數下，Client將連線Server端的5201埠，持續向Server端傳送資料，並統計出每秒傳輸的位元組數、頻寬、出現報文重傳的次數、擁塞視窗（Congestion Window）大小，整個測試將持續10秒鐘；最後將彙總10秒的平均資料，並給出傳送和接收端的統計。

接下來分析一下Server的測試輸出結果：

[jinguang1@localhost ~]$ iperf3 -s

warning: this system does not seem to support IPv6 - trying IPv4

-----------------------------------------------------------

Server listening on 5201

-----------------------------------------------------------

Accepted connection from 10.23.5.65, port 10410

[ 5] local 10.23.5.66 port 5201 connected to 10.23.5.65 port 10412

[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth

[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 109 MBytes 913 Mbits/sec

[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 113 MBytes 948 Mbits/sec

[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 113 MBytes 949 Mbits/sec

[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 113 MBytes 949 Mbits/sec

[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 113 MBytes 949 Mbits/sec

[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 113 MBytes 949 Mbits/sec

[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 113 MBytes 949 Mbits/sec

[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 113 MBytes 949 Mbits/sec

[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 113 MBytes 949 Mbits/sec

[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 113 MBytes 949 Mbits/sec

[ 5] 10.00-10.04 sec 4.29 MBytes 947 Mbits/sec

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth

[ 5] 0.00-10.04 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec sender

[ 5] 0.00-10.04 sec 1.10 GBytes 945 Mbits/sec receiver

-----------------------------------------------------------

Server listening on 5201

-----------------------------------------------------------

Server端預設監聽IPv6地址和埠，如果未配置IPv6，會嘗試IPv4。日誌顯示接收了來自10.23.5.65，源埠未10410的測試請求。Client端連續進行了10秒的測試，並顯示了每秒傳輸的位元組數，頻寬資訊；測試結束後會彙總傳送和接收的統計資訊。在Client連線關閉之後會繼續偵聽5201埠。

iperf3 進階指令

iperf3 所提供的選項非常多，以下介紹一些常用的引數。

1. 測試時間和輸出統計資料間隔

-t引數可以指定傳輸測試的持續時間，而-i可以指定統計輸出的間隔時間，如需要持續測試一個小時，每10秒鐘列印一次輸出結果：

iperf3 -c server_ip -i 10 -t 3600

2. 儲存測試結果

--logfile引數可以將輸出的測試結果儲存至檔案中：

iperf3 -c server_ip --logfile stats.txt

3. 設定偵聽埠

iperf3預設使用5201埠，如果需要指定，可以使用-p引數。這需要在Server和Client側都需要進行指定，如使用12345埠：

#server側

iperf3 -s -p 12345

#client側

iperf3 -c server_ip -p 12345

4. JSON 格式輸出

如果需要做一些自動化方面測試和管理工作，需要讀取格式化的測試結果，那可以選擇-J引數，來輸出JSON格式測試結果。

[jinguang1@localhost ~]$ iperf3 -c 10.23.5.66 -J -t 2

{

"start": {

"connected": [{

"socket": 4,

"local_host": "10.23.5.65",

"local_port": 13346,

"remote_host": "10.23.5.66",

"remote_port": 5201

}],

"version": "iperf 3.1.7",

"system_info": "Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-862.9.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Jul 16 16:29:36 UTC 2018 x86_64",

"timestamp": {

"time": "Fri, 07 Sep 2018 01:31:45 GMT",

"timesecs": 1536283905

},

"connecting_to": {

"host": "10.23.5.66",

"port": 5201

},

"cookie": "localhost.localdomain.1536283905.522",

"tcp_mss_default": 1460,

"test_start": {

"protocol": "TCP",

"num_streams": 1,

"blksize": 131072,

"omit": 0,

"duration": 2,

"bytes": 0,

"blocks": 0,

"reverse":

}

},

"intervals": [{

"streams": [{

"socket": 4,

"start": 0,

"end": 1.000059,

"seconds": 1.000059,

"bytes": 118546160,

"bits_per_second": 948313208.319058,

"retransmits": 0,

"snd_cwnd": 97820,

"rtt": 508,

"omitted": false

}],

"sum": {

"start": 0,

"end": 1.000059,

"seconds": 1.000059,

"bytes": 118546160,

"bits_per_second": 948313208.319058,

"retransmits": 0,

"omitted": false

}

}, {

"streams": [{

"socket": 4,

"start": 1.000059,

"end": 2.000063,

"seconds": 1.000004,

"bytes": 117912520,

"bits_per_second": 943296336.710671,

"retransmits": 0,

"snd_cwnd": 97820,

"rtt": 499,

"omitted": false

}],

"sum": {

"start": 1.000059,

"end": 2.000063,

"seconds": 1.000004,

"bytes": 117912520,

"bits_per_second": 943296336.710671,

"retransmits": 0,

"omitted": false

}

}],

"end": {

"streams": [{

"sender": {

"socket": 4,

"start": 0,

"end": 2.000063,

"seconds": 2.000063,

"bytes": 236458680,

"bits_per_second": 945804841.588347,

"retransmits": 0,

"max_snd_cwnd": 97820,

"max_rtt": 508,

"min_rtt": 499,

"mean_rtt": 503

},

"receiver": {

"socket": 4,

"start": 0,

"end": 2.000063,

"seconds": 2.000063,

"bytes": 235998780,

"bits_per_second": 943965299.700324

}

}],

"sum_sent": {

"start": 0,

"end": 2.000063,

"seconds": 2.000063,

"bytes": 236458680,

"bits_per_second": 945804841.588347,

"retransmits":

},

"sum_received": {

"start": 0,

"end": 2.000063,

"seconds": 2.000063,

"bytes": 235998780,

"bits_per_second": 943965299.700324

},

"cpu_utilization_percent": {

"host_total": 3.365885,

"host_user": 0.294900,

"host_system": 3.447099,

"remote_total": 0.054653,

"remote_user": 0.003388,

"remote_system": 0.049958

},

"sender_tcp_congestion": "cubic",

"receiver_tcp_congestion": "cubic"

}

5. 使用多條連線進行測試

-P引數可以指定同時連線測試的數量，預設使用一條連線。

[jinguang1@localhost ~]$ iperf3 -c 10.23.5.66 -P 2 -t 2

Connecting to host 10.23.5.66, port 5201

[ 4] local 10.23.5.65 port 13652 connected to 10.23.5.66 port 5201

[ 6] local 10.23.5.65 port 13654 connected to 10.23.5.66 port 5201

[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Retr Cwnd

[ 4] 0.00-1.00 sec 56.8 MBytes 477 Mbits/sec 0 65.6 KBytes

[ 6] 0.00-1.00 sec 56.9 MBytes 478 Mbits/sec 0 67.0 KBytes

[SUM] 0.00-1.00 sec 114 MBytes 954 Mbits/sec 0

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

[ 4] 1.00-2.00 sec 56.5 MBytes 474 Mbits/sec 0 65.6 KBytes

[ 6] 1.00-2.00 sec 56.5 MBytes 474 Mbits/sec 0 67.0 KBytes

[SUM] 1.00-2.00 sec 113 MBytes 948 Mbits/sec 0

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Retr

[ 4] 0.00-2.00 sec 113 MBytes 475 Mbits/sec 0 sender

[ 4] 0.00-2.00 sec 113 MBytes 474 Mbits/sec receiver

[ 6] 0.00-2.00 sec 113 MBytes 476 Mbits/sec 0 sender

[ 6] 0.00-2.00 sec 113 MBytes 474 Mbits/sec receiver

[SUM] 0.00-2.00 sec 227 MBytes 951 Mbits/sec 0 sender

[SUM] 0.00-2.00 sec 226 MBytes 949 Mbits/sec receiver

iperf Done.

6. 選擇使用的傳輸協議

iperf3預設使用TCP作為傳輸協議，如果使用UDP則使用-u引數，使用SCTP 則使用--sctp引數。

7. 反向傳輸

預設iperf3使用上傳模式：Client負責傳送資料，Server負責接收；如果需要測試下載速度，則在Client側使用-R引數即可。

---------------------

作者：劉近光

來源：CSDN

原文：https://blog.csdn.net/jinguangliu/article/details/82468482

版權宣告：本文為博主原創文章，轉載請附上博文連結！

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