android客戶端與服務端互動的三種方式

在南京看海發表於2016-09-08
Android客戶端服務端
android客戶端向伺服器通訊一般有以下選擇： 1.傳統的java.net.HttpURLConnection類 2.apache的httpClient框架（已納入android.jar中，可直接使用） 3.github上的開源框架async-http(基於httpClient) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 下面分別記錄這三種方式的使用，
傳統方式：
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/**
     * 以get方式向服務端傳送請求，並將服務端的響應結果以字串方式返回。如果沒有響應內容則返回空字串
     *
     * @param url 請求的url地址
     * @param params 請求引數
     * @param charset url編碼採用的碼錶
     * @return
     */
    public static String getDataByGet(String url,Map<string,string> params,String charset)
    {
        if(url == null)
        {
            return ;
        }
        url = url.trim();
        URL targetUrl = null;
        try
        {
            if(params == null)
            {
                targetUrl = new URL(url);
            }
            else
            {
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(url+?);
                for(Map.Entry<string,string> me : params.entrySet())
                {
//                    解決請求引數中含有中文導致亂碼問題
                    sb.append(me.getKey()).append(=).append(URLEncoder.encode(me.getValue(),charset)).append(&);
                }
                sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()-1);
                targetUrl = new URL(sb.toString());
            }
            Log.i(TAG,get:url----->+targetUrl.toString());//列印log
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) targetUrl.openConnection();
            conn.setConnectTimeout(3000);
            conn.setRequestMethod(GET);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
            if(responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK)
            {
                return stream2String(conn.getInputStream(),charset);
            }
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            Log.i(TAG,e.getMessage());
        }
        return ;
/**
     *  以post方式向服務端傳送請求，並將服務端的響應結果以字串方式返回。如果沒有響應內容則返回空字串
     * @param url 請求的url地址
     * @param params 請求引數
     * @param charset url編碼採用的碼錶
     * @return
     */
    public static String getDataByPost(String url,Map<string,string> params,String charset)
    {
        if(url == null)
        {
            return ;
        }
        url = url.trim();
        URL targetUrl = null;
        OutputStream out = null;
        try
        {
            targetUrl = new URL(url);
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) targetUrl.openConnection();
            conn.setConnectTimeout(3000);
            conn.setRequestMethod(POST);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            conn.setDoOutput(true);
             
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            if(params!=null && !params.isEmpty())
            {
                for(Map.Entry<string,string> me : params.entrySet())
                {
//                    對請求資料中的中文進行編碼
                    sb.append(me.getKey()).append(=).append(URLEncoder.encode(me.getValue(),charset)).append(&);
                }
                sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()-1);
            }
            byte[] data = sb.toString().getBytes();
            conn.setRequestProperty(Content-Type,application/x-www-form-urlencoded);
            conn.setRequestProperty(Content-Length, String.valueOf(data.length));
            out = conn.getOutputStream();
            out.write(data);
             
            Log.i(TAG,post:url----->+targetUrl.toString());//列印log
             
            int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
            if(responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK)
            {
                return stream2String(conn.getInputStream(),charset);
            }
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            Log.i(TAG,e.getMessage());
        }
        return ;
    }
/**
     * 將輸入流物件中的資料輸出到字串中返回
     * @param in
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private static String stream2String(InputStream in,String charset) throws IOException
    {
        if(in == null)
            return ;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int len = 0;
        while((len = in.read(buffer)) !=-1)
        {
            bout.write(buffer, 0, len);
        }
        String result = new String(bout.toByteArray(),charset);
        in.close();
        return result;
    }</string,string></string,string></string,string></string,string>
使用httpClient：
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package cn.edu.chd.httpclientdemo.http;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import android.util.Log;
/**
 * @author Rowand jj
 *
 *http工具類,傳送get/post請求
 */
public final class HttpUtils
{
    private static final String TAG = HttpUtils;
    private static final String CHARSET = utf-8;
    private HttpUtils(){}
    /**
     * 以get方式向指定url傳送請求，將響應結果以字串方式返回
     * @param uri
     * @return 如果沒有響應資料返回null
     */
    public static String requestByGet(String url,Map<string,string> data)
    {
        if(url == null)
            return null;
//        構建預設http客戶端物件
        HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
        try
        {
//            拼裝url,並對中文進行編碼
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(url+?);
            if(data != null)
            {
                for(Map.Entry<string,string> me : data.entrySet())
                {
                    sb.append(URLEncoder.encode(me.getKey(),CHARSET)).append(=).append(URLEncoder.encode(me.getValue(),utf-8)).append(&);
                }
                sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()-1);
            }
            Log.i(TAG, [get]--->uri:+sb.toString());
//            建立一個get請求
            HttpGet get = new HttpGet(sb.toString());
//            執行get請求，獲取http響應
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
//            獲取響應狀態行
            StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
            //請求成功
            if(statusLine != null && statusLine.getStatusCode() == 200)
            {
//                獲取響應實體
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                if(entity != null)
                {
                    return readInputStream(entity.getContent());
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
    /**
     * 以post方式向指定url傳送請求，將響應結果以字串方式返回
     * @param url
     * @param data 以鍵值對形式表示的資訊
     * @return
     */
    public static String requestByPost(String url,Map<string,string> data)
    {
        if(url == null)
            return null;
        HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
        HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
        List<namevaluepair> params = null;
        try
        {
            Log.i(TAG, [post]--->uri:+url);
            params = new ArrayList<namevaluepair>();
            if(data != null)
            {
                for(Map.Entry<string,string> me : data.entrySet())
                {
                    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(me.getKey(),me.getValue()));
                }
            }
//            設定請求實體
            post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,CHARSET));
//            獲取響應資訊
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
            StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
            if(statusLine!=null && statusLine.getStatusCode()==200)
            {
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                if(entity!=null)
                {
                    return readInputStream(entity.getContent());
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
     
    /**
     * 將流中的資料寫入字串返回
     * @param is
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private static String readInputStream(InputStream is) throws IOException
    {
        if(is == null)
            return null;
        ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int len = 0;
        byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
        while((len = is.read(buf))!=-1)
        {
            bout.write(buf, 0, len);
        }
        is.close();
        return new String(bout.toByteArray());
    }
    /**
     * 將流中的資料寫入字串返回,以指定的編碼格式
     * 【如果服務端返回的編碼不是utf-8，可以使用此方法，將返回結果以指定編碼格式寫入字串】
     * @param is
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private static String readInputStream(InputStream is,String charset) throws IOException
    {
        if(is == null)
            return null;
        ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int len = 0;
        byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
        while((len = is.read(buf))!=-1)
        {
            bout.write(buf, 0, len);
        }
        is.close();
        return new String(bout.toByteArray(),charset);
    }
}</string,string></namevaluepair></namevaluepair></string,string></string,string></string,string>
3.使用async-http框架，這個如果使用的話需要匯入框架的jar包或者把原始碼拷到工程下： 這個框架的好處是每次請求會開闢子執行緒，不會拋networkonmainthread異常，另外處理器類繼承了Handler類，所以可以在裡面更改UI。 注：這裡使用的是最新的1.4.4版。 ·
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/**
     * 使用非同步http框架傳送get請求
     * @param path get路徑，中文引數需要編碼（URLEncoder.encode）
     */
    public void doGet(String path)
    {
        AsyncHttpClient httpClient = new AsyncHttpClient();
        httpClient.get(path, new AsyncHttpResponseHandler(){
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte[] responseBody)
            {
                if(statusCode == 200)
                {
                    try
                    {
//                        此處應該根據服務端的編碼格式進行編碼，否則會亂碼
                        tv_show.setText(new String(responseBody,utf-8));
                    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e)
                    {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        });
    }
    /**
     * 使用非同步http框架傳送get請求
     * @param path
     */
    public void doPost(String path)
    {
        AsyncHttpClient httpClient = new AsyncHttpClient();
        RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
        params.put(paper,中文);//value可以是流、檔案、物件等其他型別,很強大!!
        httpClient.post(path, params, new AsyncHttpResponseHandler(){
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte[] responseBody)
            {
                if(statusCode == 200)
                {
                    tv_show.setText(new String(responseBody));
                }
            }
        });
    }

上面那個tv_show是一個TextView控制元件。




轉自 http://www.2cto.com/kf/201402/278147.html

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